Jane Jacobs Award: Dr Kevin Glynn     

Maria De Cort 《New Zealand geographer》2010,66(1):85-85

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Cellular Response to Cu‐ and Zn‐Induced Oxidative Stress in Aspergillus fumigatus Isolated From Polluted Soils in Bulgaria          下载免费PDF全文

Ekaterina Krumova  Nedelina Kostadinova  Jeny Miteva‐Staleva  Vitalii Gryshko  Maria Angelova 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(6):657-666

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New Methods for Modeling Laterolog Resistivity Corrections   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Jadwiga Anna Jarzyna  Adam Cichy  Dezső Drahos  Attila Galsa  Maria Joanna Bała  Andrzej Ossowski 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(2):417-442

The paper presents methods for laterolog response modeling. In Coulomb’s charges method, Laplace’s equation is solved for the electric field distribution in rock medium with internal boundaries between different resistivity layers. There, the boundary problem is reduced to Fred-holm integral equation of the second kind. The second method uses a finite element array to model apparent resistivity from laterolog. The task is treated as DC problem and the Laplace equation is solved numerically. The presented methods were applied to borehole data covering a typical stratigraphie section of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline in southwestern Poland. Apparent resistivity was calculated using the Coulomb’s charges method and alternatively modeled using a finite element method which gave similar results. Then, a series of linear corrections for borehole, shoulder bed, and filtration effects for apparent resistivity obtained by the Coulomb’s charges method demonstrated the feasibility of calculating true resistivity of virgin and invaded zones. The proposed methods provide a flexible solution in modeling which can be adapted to other logs.  相似文献   

Changes in the Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation over Romania Between 1961 and 2010 on Seasonal Basis     

Nicu Barbu  Cristina Burada  Sabina Stefan  Florinela Georgescu 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(2):510-520

The aim of this paper is to investigate the trends and shifts of the circulation types over Romania for 50-year period (1961–2010) on seasonal basis. In order to achieve this, two objective catalogues, namely GWT and WLK, from COST733 Action were employed. Daily circulation types were grouped according to the cyclonicity and anticyclonicity and were used to calculate the seasonal occurrence frequency of cyclonic and anticyclonic types. The trend of seasonal time series was investigated by using Mann–Kendall test and the shifts points were determined by using Pettitt test. The results reveal that the occurrence frequency of anti-cyclonic types increases in summer and winter seasons and the occurrence frequency of cyclonic ones decreases for the summer season (for alpha = 0.05).  相似文献   

Modelling the effect of soil burn severity on soil erosion at hillslope scale in the first year following wildfire in NW Spain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Cristina Fernández  José A. Vega 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(7):928-935

Fire severity is recognized as a key factor in explaining post‐fire soil erosion. However, the relationship between soil burn severity and soil loss has not been fully established until now. Sediment availability may also affect the extent of post‐fire soil erosion. The objective of this study was to determine whether soil burn severity, estimated by an operational classification system based on visual indicators, can significantly explain soil loss in the first year after wildfire in shrubland and other areas affected by crown fires in northwest (NW) Spain. An additional aim was to establish indicators of sediment availability for use as explanatory variables for post‐fire soil loss. For these purposes, we measured hillslope‐scale sediment production rates and site characteristics during the first year after wildfire in 15 experimental sites using 65 plots. Sediment yields varied from 0.2 Mg ha^?1 to 50.1 Mg ha^?1 and soil burn severity ranged from low (1.8) to very high (4.5) in the study period. A model that included soil burn severity, annual precipitation and a land use factor (as a surrogate for sediment availability) as explanatory variables reasonably explained the erosion losses measured during the first year after fire. Model validation confirmed the usefulness of this empirical model. The proposed empirical model could be used by forest managers to help evaluate erosion risks and to plan post‐fire stabilization activities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Shallow conduit processes during the ad 1158 explosive eruption of Hekla volcano,Iceland     

Maria H. Janebo  Bruce F. Houghton  Thorvaldur Thordarson  Gudrun Larsen 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2016,78(10):74

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Dispersal of key subplinian–Plinian tephras from Hekla volcano,Iceland: implications for eruption source parameters     

Maria H. Janebo  Thorvaldur Thordarson  Bruce F. Houghton  Costanza Bonadonna  Gudrun Larsen  Rebecca J. Carey 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2016,78(10):66

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Eutrophication and retention time affecting spatial heterogeneity in a tropical reservoir     

Maria Carolina S. Soares  Marcelo M. MarinhoSandra M.O.F. Azevedo  Christina W.C. BrancoVera L.M. Huszar 《Limnologica》2012,42(3):197-203

Longitudinal heterogeneity in reservoirs is especially related to increase in sedimentation and water transparency along the river/dam axis. Consequently, primary production tends to reach higher values in intermediate regions where there is a balance between the availability of the main resources (light and nutrients) suitable for phytoplankton growth. Many factors such as reservoir morphometry, retention time, thermal stratification and geographical location can affect the boundaries between these regions. The tropical Funil Reservoir (Brazil), despite a low retention time, has experienced severe eutrophication in recent decades, with persistent cyanobacteria blooms. During the course of 1 year, samples were collected at four stations along the reservoir (fluvial, intermediate and lentic compartments) to evaluate if spatial heterogeneity could affect the occurrence and distribution of these blooms along the reservoir. Although the reservoir has a short annual retention time (mean 41.5 days), the typical zonation pattern was observed for the main abiotic variables and phytoplankton abundance. However, higher biomass occurred in the lentic compartment rather than in the intermediate zone. Despite the peculiar heterogeneity in total biomass, the phytoplankton composition and seasonal variability were very similar along the entire reservoir, with a few marked differences only in the fluvial zone. Phytoplankton total biomass in Funil Reservoir was high, even in periods of lower seasonal retention time (around 15 days), and was especially related to high input of nutrients. Moreover, retention time directly affects the spatial heterogeneity of phytoplankton biomass, since strong variability was only observed during the cold-dry season, corresponding to periods of longer retention time (around 80 days). While high availability of nutrients promoted high cyanobacterial biomass in the entire system, the few periods of heterogeneous spatiality seemed to be related to changes in retention time.  相似文献   

Phytoplankton abundance, biomass and diversity within and between Pantanal wetland habitats     

Simone Jaqueline Cardoso  Fábio RolandSimoni Maria Loverde-Oliveira  Vera Lúcia de Moraes Huszar 《Limnologica》2012,42(3):235-241

During the high water season, the flooding reduces environmental heterogeneity in aquatic ecosystems of the Pantanal wetland. When the water level recedes, lakes and channels are formed as individual systems. Therefore, we expected the spatial heterogeneity during the low water phase resulting in changes on biological communities leading to high phytoplankton abundance, biomass and diversity within and between habitats. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed eight freshwater systems (five oxbow lakes, two channels, and the river) during the low water period. Phytoplankton biomass, abundance, diversity (alpha, beta, gamma) and diversity metrics as richness (species per sample), Shannon diversity (H′) and evenness were measured in all systems along with nutrient concentrations, zooplankton and bacteria abundances. We found 97 species as gamma diversity. The alpha diversity was unexpectedly low in comparison to most other South American floodplain systems (38 species in river, 24 in channels and 29 in lakes). Also, the systems are relatively similar in composition (beta diversity, 28%). Connectivity differences between systems highlighted differences in phytoplankton abundance and biomass (fresh weight) ranging from 1428 ind mL⁻¹ (river) to 3710 ind mL⁻¹ (lakes) and from 0.71 mg L⁻¹ (river) to 2.9 mg L⁻¹ (lakes), respectively. However, our results did not indicate significant differences in phytoplankton species richness between the systems during the low water. Our main conclusions are that local factors may be responsible for changes on phytoplankton community and the time of isolation during the low water phase was not sufficient to promote changes in phytoplankton diversity between the habitats.  相似文献   

Pre-Observational Evolution of Surface Temperature in Romania as Inferred from Borehole Temperature Measurements     

Crisan Demetrescu  Maria Tumanian  Venera Dobrica  Constantin Mares  Ileana Mares 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(1-2):219-234

Temperature data from nine boreholes in the Carpathian orogen in Romania were used to obtain information on the ground surface temperature history (GSTH) in the last 250?years. The temperature measurements were taken with a thermistor probe (sensitivity in the 10 mK range) using the stop-and-go technique, at 10 m intervals, in the depth range of 20–580?m. The least squares inverse modelling approach of Tarantola and Valette (J Geophys 50:159–170, 1982) was used to infer the GSTH. Long-term air temperature records available from the Romanian weather station network were used as a comparison term for the first 100–150?years of the GSTH, and as a forcing function in a POM-SAT model that combines borehole temperature profiles (BTPs) and meteorological time series (surface air temperature, SAT) to produce information on the so-called pre-observational mean (POM). Results from a global circulation model for the Romanian area are incorporated in the discussion as well.  相似文献