Possible interaction between tectonic events and seismic noise at Las Cañadas Volcanic Caldera,Tenerife, Spain     

Roberto Carniel  Marta Tárraga  Fausto Barazza  Alicia García 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2008,70(9):1113-1121

Continuous seismic noise is recorded in the volcanic island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The origin of this noise, strongly augmented by anthropogenic contamination, is still under debate. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between this noise and the occurrence of local tectonic events in the same area. In particular, transitions are sought in the time evolution of dynamic parameters computed on the seismic noise, and examples are shown where abrupt transitions may be associated with the occurrence of tectonic events. These transitions provide further evidence of the existence of a natural origin for at least part of the seismic noise, which is strongly contaminated—if not dominated—by anthropogenic sources.  相似文献   

High-resolution magnetostratigraphy and micropalaeontology across the J/K boundary strata at Brodno near ilina, western Slovakia: summary of results     

Vclav Hou a  Miroslav Krs  Marta Krsov  Otakar Man  Petr Pruner  Daniela Venhodov 《Cretaceous Research》1999,20(6):699

This study summarizes the final results of magnetostratigraphic and micropalaeontological investigations of the Tithonian/Berriasian boundary (J/K) limestones at the locality of Brodno near ilina, Western Carpathians, West Slovakia. The aim is to prepare the background for correlation of a Late Tithonian and Early Berriasian biostratigraphic zonation with global magnetoevents (manifested in detailed magnetostratigraphic profiles) between the Tethyan realm and other regions, particularly the Boreal and Pacific realms. Suitable physical properties of the limestones studied, a favourable geological setting and rich microfossil assemblages (calpionellids) at Brodno (magnetozones M21r to M18r) allowed a systematic collection of new data on the original synoptic section, which now has the character of a high-resolution profile across the J/K boundary. Two reverse subzones detected within magnetozones M20n and M19n are named ‘Kysuca Subzone’ and ‘Brodno Subzone’, respectively. Both can be correlated with analogous subzones in the M-sequence of marine anomalies. Their existence can also be confirmed in the Bosso Valley section in Umbria, central Italy. A detailed study of the interval between magnetozones M20n and M17r in the Bosso Valley profile is presently in its final stage. Both magnetostratigraphic profiles, from the Brodno and Bosso Valley localities, were thoroughly investigated in the intervals close to the J/K boundary and are still unique among continent-based profiles in the detection and precise definition of both reverse subzones within M20n and M19n. Samples collected from the boundary strata of the reverse Kysuca Subzone at Brodno indicated a transition from N (R) to R (N) polarity of the Earth's palaeomagnetic field within a time interval of c. ±5 ka. Limestone samples (total number N=368) were subjected to progressive thermal demagnetization in 10–12 thermal fields and to subsequent multi-component analysis of remanence. The C-component, as the carrier of palaeomagnetic directions, was determined in the temperature interval of 300° to 540°, or possibly 580°C. Magnetomineralogical analyses of pilot samples and unblocking temperatures determined for all samples showed that magnetite is the carrier of remanent magnetization. The positions of the individual events of calpionellid stratigraphy relative to the global magnetic polarity timescale are precisely defined. The base of the Calpionella Standard Zone, which is considered a provisional J/K boundary indicator in ammonite-free sections in the Tethyan realm, lies within magnetozone M19n at the level of 35% of its local thickness. None of the boundaries in the calpionellid zonation coincides precisely with any of those in the palaeomagnetic zonation, but the first appearance ofCalpionella grandalpina , indicating the base of the Intermedia Subzone, lies in close proximity to the base of magnetozone M19r.  相似文献   

Individual and Synergistic Effects of Metronidazole,Amoxicillin, and Ciprofloxacin on Methane Fermentation with Sewage Sludge     

Paulina Rusanowska  Monika Harnisz  Marcin Zieli&#x;ski  Marcin D&#x;bowski  Ewa Korzeniewska  Marta Kisielewska  Ewa Amenda 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(2)

Methane fermentation is widely used to dispose of sewage sludge at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), due to production of renewable energy in the form of biogas. Antibiotics present in wastewater may accumulate in a sewage sludge. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of three antibiotics from different classes in three different doses on methane production from sewage sludge. For this purpose, metronidazole (MET), amoxicillin (AMO), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) are individually added to anaerobic reactors with sewage sludge collected from municipal WWTP. The antibiotics’ highest concentration (1024 mg kg^?1 of AMO; 512 mg kg^?1 of MET and CIP) lowers methane production and methane content in biogas. MET exerts the most marked effect and lowers methane production to 36.8 ± 3.7 mL CH₄ kg^?1 volatile solids. Tested antibiotics probably inhibit methanogenic archaea, which results in volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation. Addition of MET results in accumulation of many kinds of VFAs with the highest concentration of acetic acid (17.52 ± 1.85 g L^?1). The addition of of AMO results in accumulation of butyric acid only (253.00 ± 15.89 g L^?1). However, addition of CIP results in accumulation of mainly acetic acid (7.58 ± 0.82 g L^?1) and isovaleric acid (2.01 ± 0.41 g L^?1). Next, synergistic effect of these antibiotics in a low concentration of 16 mg kg^?1 of AMO, 8 mg kg^?1 of MET, and 2 mg kg^?1 of CIP is measured in semi‐continuous conditions and causes inbibition of methane production and accumulation of VFAs.  相似文献   

The use of the slope–area function to analyse process domains in complex badland landscapes     

Francesca Vergari  Francesco Troiani  Hazel Faulkner  Maurizio Del Monte  Marta Della Seta  Sirio Ciccacci  Paola Fredi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(1):273-286

This paper explores the effectiveness of the widely-used functional relationship between drainage area (A in m²) and slope (S in m/m) to identify local process domains and aid interpretation of process interactions in a complex badland landscape. In order to perform this investigation, a series of sub-basins tributary to the Formone River in the Orcia catchment (central Italy) were selected as a suitable study area within which to explore our questions, given these basins' general representativeness of local terrain, the availability of a high resolution digital terrain model and previous extensive geomorphological research. Eroding basins containing both calanchi and landslides are common in the sub-humid badland landscape of central Italy, where field observation identifies a complex pattern of erosive processes associated with a history of uplift, despite which parts of the local landscape appear disconnected. Results reveal that the shape of all S–A curves (plotted using S data binned on log A) is comparable with that described in the literature, although sub-basins containing calanchi generally plot with higher S values than non-calanchi ones, except in the ‘fluvial’ section of the plots. Second, when viewed on total data (non-binned) S–A plots, landslide source area domains and calanchi domains are entirely coincident in all basins, supporting a cause–effect relationship. Additional plotting of the frequency characteristics of the raw data in a new way supports the interpretation that calanchi frequently initiate in landslide scars. In general though, although the S–A plots can contribute to the disentanglement of geomorphological behaviour in some complex erosional landscapes, it became apparent that in this landscape, process domains do not separate out with clarity along the A axis as suggested by theory. Despite this, an alternative, broader-scale morphoevolutive model can be proposed for the development of within-landslide calanchi, driven by changes to basin connectivity to the base channel. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effects On the Nutation of the Non-Zonal Harmonics of Third Degree     

Marta Folgueira  Jean Souchay  Hiroshi Kinoshita 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1997,69(4):373-402

In this paper, we calculate the coefficients of the nutation for a rigid Earth model due to the C _3m and S _3m (m ≠ 0) harmonics of the geopotential, starting from the Hamiltonian theory as developped by Kinoshita (1977). We show that these coefficients are far from being negligible as given the level of truncation of 0.1 μas which is necessary in the reconstruction of the tables of nutation, and also that their value is very close to that given by Bretagnon et al. (1997). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Effects of the Triaxiality on the Rotation of Celestial Bodies: Application to the Earth,Mars and Eros   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Souchay  Jean  Folgueira  Marta  Bouquillon  Sébastien 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2003,93(2):107-144

In this paper we discuss the influence of the triaxiality of a celestialbody on its free rotation, i.e. in absence of any external gravitationalperturbation. We compare the results obtained through two different analytical formalisms, one established from Andoyer variables by usingHamiltonian theory, the other one from Euler's variables by usingLagrangian equations. We also give a very accurate formulation of thepolar motion (polhody) in the case of a small amplitude of this motion.Then, we carry out a numerical integration of the problem, with aRunge–Kutta–Felberg algorithm, and for the two kinds of methods above, that we apply to three different celestial bodies considered as rigid : the Earth, Mars, and Eros. The reason of this choice is that each of this body corresponds to a more or less triaxial shape.In the case of the Earth and Mars we show the good agreement betweenanalytical and numerical determinations of the polar motion, and theamplitude of the effect related to the triaxial shape of the body, whichis far from being negligible, with some influence on the polhody of theorder of 10 cm for the Earth, and 1 m for Mars. In the case of Eros, weuse recent output data given by the NEAR probe, to determine in detailthe nature of its free rotational motion, characterized by the presence ofimportant oscillations for the Euler angles due to the particularly largetriaxial shape of the asteroid.  相似文献   

The radiolarian assemblages of the Bonarelli Horizon in the Umbria-Marche Apennines and Southern Alps, Italy     

Giovanni Salvini  Marta Marcucci Passerini 《Cretaceous Research》1998,19(6):777-804

The Bonarelli Horizon is an important regional marker level in the Umbria-Marche Apennines. It is characterized by consisting of black bituminous shales that yield a distinctive radiolarian fauna. Black shales referable to the Bonarelli Horizon are also present in the Southern Alps. The horizon is of uniform lithology and contains radiolarian assemblages of late Cenomanian-early Turonian age throughout both the Umbria-Marche Apennines and Southern Alps. Several new radiolarian taxa have been recognised and described from the Bonarelli Horizon of both areas. Two new species are defined in this paper, namelySethocapsa bossoensisandXitus picenus.  相似文献   

Processes in the Pacific La Niña onset triggered by the Atlantic Niño     

Irene Polo  Marta Martin-Rey  Belen Rodriguez-Fonseca  Fred Kucharski  Carlos Roberto Mechoso 《Climate Dynamics》2015,44(1-2):115-131

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Validation of macroscopic maturity stages according to microscopic histological examination for European anchovy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rosalia Ferreri  Gualtiero Basilone  Marta D'Elia  Anna Traina  Francisco Saborido-Rey  & Salvatore Mazzola 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(S1):181-187

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Social multi-criteria evaluation as a decision support tool for integrated coastal zone management     

Eneko Garmendia  Gonzalo Gamboa  Javier Franco  Joxe Mikel Garmendia  Pedro Liria  Marta Olazabal 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2010,53(7):385-403

Traditional top-down and technocratic approaches seem to be insufficient to tackle the many conflicts related to the sustainable use of natural resources. At the same time, reductionist and mono-disciplinary approaches lack the capacity to capture the complex interactions within evolving socio-ecological systems. Coastal zone management is an area that provides a clear example of such difficulties. In this paper we explore the scope of a participatory integrated assessment process, known as Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE), in the context of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). Through a two-year collaborative research process, between an interdisciplinary group of researchers and a diverse group of stakeholders in the Urdaibai Estuary (a Biosphere Reserve in the Basque Country, Northern Spain), we show that improving the integration of diverse expertise and values can lead, through a mutual learning process, to the definition of relevant policy options and sound decisions in the face of complexity, value conflict and unavoidable uncertainty.  相似文献