Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Geochemical Investigation of Organic Matter of the Grodziec Beds (Upper Carboniferous), Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland     

Monika J. Fabianńska  Gra?yna Bzowska  Aniela Matuszewska  Maria Racka  Urszula Skr?t 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2003,63(1):63-91

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Historical seismicity in Central Switzerland     

Monika Gisler  Donat Fäh  Philipp Kästli 《Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae》2004,97(2):221-236

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Crustal features of some main suture zones along the European Geotraverse     

Monika E. Huch 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1988,77(3):777-786

The European Geotraverse (EGT) crosses along a 4000 km profile from the North Cape to Tunisia the following main suture zones:

the Tornquist-Teisseyre zone between the Baltic Shield and the Variscan realm,

the transition zones between Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as between Saxothuringian and Moldanubian zones in the Variscan part of central Europe, and

the collision zone between the European continent and the Adriatic microplate.

Some structural aspects of these suture zones are described.  相似文献   

Stability of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Agglomerates in Transitional Waters and Their Effects Towards Plankton from Lagoon of Venice (Italy)     

Clémentine Perstrimaux  Séverine Le Faucheur  Monika Mortimer  Serge Stoll  Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry  Margherita Botter  Roberto Zonta  Vera I. Slaveykova 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2015,21(2-4):343-362

The present study explores the effect of salinity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) gradients on the stability and reactivity of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO₂-NP) agglomerates in ambient water from the Lagoon of Venice and their possible effect on nauplii sampled at the same locations. In all ambient water samples, TiO₂-NPs formed rapidly micrometre-sized agglomerates. The increase in the salinity and concomitant decrease in DOC content induced the formation of larger agglomerates, with z-average hydrodynamic diameter increasing with TiO₂-NP concentration and exposure duration. Under the studied conditions, ζ-potential exhibited negative values. In line with agglomeration results, enhancement of the salinity and lower DOC resulted in less negative ζ-potential with close to 0 values in the dispersions of 100 mg L^?1 TiO₂-NPs in sea water. Two-hour exposure to micrometre-sized agglomerates of TiO₂-NPs resulted in an increase in the fluorescence of propidium iodide (PI) stained nauplii in comparison with unexposed controls, but had no effect at 24-h exposure. The increase in nauplii-associated PI fluorescence was more noticeable in dispersions containing 100 mg L^?1 than those containing 10 mg L^?1 TiO₂-NPs, suggesting membrane permeability alteration in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the PI staining results have to be interpreted with caution because of the possible dye binding to the nauplii surface without penetration of cellular membrane. The effect of TiO₂-NPs on nauplii was more pronounced at higher salinity and decreased with increasing DOC concentrations at 2 h, while no trends were found at 24-h exposure, as well as exposure to 100 mg L^?1 TiO₂-NPs.  相似文献   

Modelling of 2016 Kumamoto earthquake by integrating site effect in semi-empirical technique     

Devi  Sonia  Sandeep  Kumar  Parveen  Monika  Joshi  A. 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(2):1931-1950

Natural Hazards - The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (MJMA7.3) struck central area of Kyushu Island, Japan. The presence of near surface low velocity layer greatly amplified the ground motions and caused...  相似文献   

Determination of volatile concentrations in fluorapatite of Martian shergottite NWA 2975 by combining synchrotron FTIR,Raman spectroscopy,EMPA, and TEM,and inferences on the volatile budget of the apatite host‐magma          下载免费PDF全文

Ewa Słaby  Monika Koch‐Müller  Hans‐Jürgen Förster  Richard Wirth  Dieter Rhede  Anja Schreiber  Ulrich Schade 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2016,51(2):390-406

We combined the focused ion beam sample preparation technique with polarized synchrotron‐based FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, laser‐Raman spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis to identify and quantify structurally bound OH, F, Cl, and CO₃ groups in fluorapatite from the Northwest Africa 2975 (NWA 2975) shergottite. In this study, the first FTIR spectra of the OH‐stretching region from a Martian apatite are presented that show characteristic OH‐bands of a F‐rich, hydroxyl‐bearing apatite. Depending on the method of apatite‐formula calculation and whether charge balance is assumed or not, the FTIR‐based quantification of the incorporated OH, expressed as wt% H₂O, is in variably good agreement with the H₂O concentration calculated from electron microprobe data. EMP analyses yielded between 0.35 and 0.54 wt% H₂O, and IR data yielded an average H₂O content of 0.31 ± 0.03 wt%, consistent with the lower range determined from EMP analyses. The TEM observations implied that the volatiles budget of fluorapatite is magmatic. The water content and the relative volatile ratios calculated for the NWA 2975 magma are similar to those established for other enriched or intermediate shergottites. It is difficult to define the source of enrichment: either Martian wet mantle or crustal assimilation. Comparing the environment of parental magma generation for NWA 2975 with the terrestrial mantle in terms of water content, it displays a composition intermediate between enriched and depleted MORB.  相似文献   

Postglacial history of East European boreal forests in the mid-Kama region,pre-Urals,Russia     

Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh  Monika Schmidt  Mikhail Pereskokov  Pavel Sannikov 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2020,49(3):526-543

The Ural Mountains are an important climatic and biogeographical barrier between European and Siberian forests. In order to shed light on the postglacial formation and evolution of the boreal forests in the European pre-Urals, we obtained a peat sediment core, Chernaya, from the Paltinskoe bog located between the southern taiga and hemiboreal forest zone in the mid-Kama region. We carried out pollen analysis, non-pollen palynomorph analysis, loss-on-ignition tests and radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon dated records provide centennial to decennial resolution of the vegetation and environmental history of the European pre-Urals for the last 8.8 ka. The postglacial formation of the pre-Uralian hemiboreal forests reveals four important phases: (i) the dominance of Siberian taiga and forest-steppe in the Early Holocene and beginning of the Middle Holocene (8.8–6.9 ka), indicating a dry climate; (ii) the spread of spruce and European broadleaved trees in the Middle Holocene (6.9–4 ka) under wetter climate conditions; (iii) the maximum extent of broadleaved trees coinciding with the arrival and spread of Siberian fir in the Late Holocene (4–2.3 ka); and (iv) the decline of broadleaved trees since the Early Iron Age (2.3 ka – present) possibly due to general climate cooling and logging. While temperate broadleaved trees possibly spread from local refugia in the Urals, fir arrived from Siberia and spread further west. The carbon accumulation rate of Paltinskoe bog (18.9±10.16 g C m⁻² a⁻¹) is close to the average value of carbon accumulation of northern peatlands. Local development of peat is characterized by non-gradual growth with a phase of intensive carbon accumulation between 3.5 and 2.3 ka. The vegetation was strongly influenced by fire in the Early Holocene and by humans since the Early Iron Age practicing deforestation, agriculture and pasture. Phases of increased anthropogenic activity correlate well with the local archaeological data.  相似文献   

A novel experimental procedure to investigate the biodegradation of NAPL under unsaturated conditions     

Laurent Andre  Monika A.M. Kedziorek  Alain C.M. Bourg  Frank Haeseler  Denis Blanchet   《Journal of Hydrology》2009,370(1-4):1-8

Soils need to be thoroughly investigated regarding their potential for the natural attenuation of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL). Laboratory investigations truly representative of degradation processes in field conditions are difficult to implement for porous media partially saturated with water, NAPL and air. We propose an innovative protocol to investigate degradation processes under steady-state vadose zone conditions. Experiments are carried out in glass columns filled with a sand and, as bacteria source, a soil from a diesel-fuel-polluted site. Water and NAPL (n-hexadecane diluted in heptamethylnonane (HMN)) are added to the porous medium in a two-step procedure using ceramic membranes placed at the bottom of the column. This procedure results, for appropriate experimental conditions, in a uniform distribution of the two fluids (water and NAPL) throughout the column. In a biodegradation experiment non-biodegradable HMN is used to provide NAPL mass, while keeping biodegradable n-hexadecane small enough to monitor its rapid degradation. Biodegradation is followed as a function of time by measuring oxygen consumption, using a respirometer. Degradative activity is controlled by diffusive transfers in the porous network, of oxygen from the gas phase to the water phase and of n-hexadecane from the NAPL phase to the water phase.  相似文献   

Monitoring CO2 saturation using time‐lapse amplitude versus offset analysis of 3D seismic data from the Ketzin CO2 storage pilot site,Germany          下载免费PDF全文

Monika Ivandic  Peter Bergmann  Juliane Kummerow  Fei Huang  Christopher Juhlin  Stefan Lueth 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(8):1568-1585

The injection of CO₂ at the Ketzin pilot site commenced in June 2008 and was terminated in August 2013 after 67 kT had been injected into a saline formation at a depth of 630–650 m. As part of the site monitoring program, four 3D surface seismic surveys have been acquired to date, one baseline and three repeats, of which two were conducted during the injection period, and one during the post‐injection phase. The surveys have provided the most comprehensive images of the spreading CO₂ plume within the reservoir layer. Both petrophysical experiments on core samples from the Ketzin reservoir and spectral decomposition of the 3D time‐lapse seismic data show that the reservoir pore pressure change due to CO₂ injection has a rather minor impact on the seismic amplitudes. Therefore, the observed amplitude anomaly is interpreted to be mainly due to CO₂ saturation. In this study, amplitude versus offset analysis has been applied to investigate the amplitude versus offset response from the top of the sandstone reservoir during the injection and post‐injection phases, and utilize it to obtain a more quantitative assessment of the CO₂ gaseous saturation changes. Based on the amplitude versus offset modelling, a prominent decrease in the intercept values imaged at the top of the reservoir around the injection well is indeed associated solely with the CO₂ saturation increase. Any change in the gradient values, which would, in case it was positive, be the only signature induced by the reservoir pressure variations, has not been observed. The amplitude versus offset intercept change is, therefore, entirely ascribed to CO₂ saturation and used for its quantitative assessment. The estimated CO₂ saturation values around the injection area in the range of 40%–60% are similar to those obtained earlier from pulsed neutron‐gamma logging. The highest values of 80% are found in the second seismic repeat in close vicinity to the injection and observation wells.  相似文献   

Factors Influencing Helophyte Distribution in Lakes (Eastern Poland)     

Joanna Sender  Urban  Danuta  Różańska-Boczula  Monika  Garbowski  Magda 《Water Resources》2020,47(2):315-324

Water Resources - The aim of the study was to show which morphometric traits of lakes influence the development of the rush zone of lakes and how buffer zone management influences analyzed features...  相似文献