Rainfall–runoff,flood inundation and sensitivity analysis of the 2014 Pakistan flood in the Jhelum and Chenab river basin     

Muhammad Junaid Siddiqui  Sajjad Haider  H.F. Gabriel  Aamir Shahzad 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(13-14):1976-1997

ABSTRACT

The major flood of 2014 in the two eastern, transboundary rivers, the Jhelum and Chenab in Punjab, Pakistan, was simulated using the two-dimensional rainfall–runoff model. The simulated hydrograph showed good agreement with the observed discharge at the model outlet and intervening barrages, with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.86 at the basin outlet. Further, simulated flood inundation extent showed good agreement with the MODIS imagery with a fit (%) of 0.87. For some affected areas that experienced short-duration flooding, local housing damage data confirmed the simulated results. Besides the rainfall–runoff and flood inundation modelling, parameter sensitivity analysis was undertaken to identify the influence of various river and floodplain parameters. The analysis showed that the river channel geometric parameters and the roughness coefficients exerted the primary influence over flood extent and peak flow.  相似文献   

Statefinder parameter for varying G in three fluid system     

Mubasher Jamil  Muhammad Raza  Ujjal Debnath 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2012,337(2):799-803

In this work, we have considered variable G in flat FRW universe filled with the mixture of dark energy, dark matter and radiation. If there is no interaction between the three fluids, the deceleration parameter and statefinder parameters have been calculated in terms of dimensionless density parameters which can be fixed by observational data. Also the interaction between three fluids has been analyzed due to constant G. The statefinder parameters also calculated in two cases: pressure is constant and pressure is variable.  相似文献   

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Property market price response to flood-hazard     

Razali  Muhammad Najib  Zulkarnain  Siti Hafsah  Tarmidi  Zakri  Adi Maimun  Nurul Hana  Mohd. Adnan  Yasmin  Yuzir  Muhamad Ali 《Natural Hazards》2020,104(2):1955-1955

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Spatio‐Temporal Variability and Pollution Assessment of Selected Metals in Freshwater Sediments,Pakistan          下载免费PDF全文

Muhammad Saleem  Javed Iqbal  Munir H. Shah 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(4):402-410

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集成多源遥感数据的PM2.5浓度空间分布制图     

蒲强  邹滨  翟亮  郭宇  桑会勇  BILAL Muhammad 《地球信息科学学报》2016,18(12):1717-1724

针对传统地面稀疏站点监测PM_2.5浓度以点带面的缺陷,本研究拟借助多源遥感数据开展了地面大气细颗粒物PM_2.5浓度空间分布模拟研究。以京津冀地区2013年的年均、季均PM_2.5浓度模拟图为例,用简化的气溶胶反演算法（SARA）反演了 1 km高分辨率AOD,并结合高分辨率遥感提取污染相关地理要素,对研究区PM_2.5浓度空间分布进行地理统计模拟及优选。结果表明：① SARA算法反演的AOD与地基AERONET相关性达0.99,能准确地反映研究区AOD的时空分布特征;② 集成多源遥感数据的地理加权回归模型拟合度高（平均R²-0.66）,其空间模拟显示研究区平均PM_2.5污染南部城镇最重,中东部城区次之,西北山区较轻;③ 研究区PM_2.5污染程度高,全年平均模拟浓度高达75 μg/m³,在气候环境及主要污染源季节性差异驱动下,浓度分布季节性特征显著,冬季污染最严重,而夏、秋季相对较轻。该成果对于精细把握PM_2.5污染特征,指导污染防控具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Potential Risk Assessment of Metal Consumption in Food Crops Irrigated with Wastewater          下载免费PDF全文

Muhammad U. Khan  Said Muhammad  Riffat N. Malik 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(10):1415-1422

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Application of GIS for the identification and demarcation of selective heavy metal concentrations in the urban groundwater     

ASHRAF Sobia  ABBAS Farhat  IBRAHIM Muhammad  RASHID Umer  KHALID Shoaib  Raza AHMAD Hammad  Rehman HAKEEM Khalid  MAJEED Tahir 《地理学报(英文版)》2015,25(2):225-235

Groundwater is the most appropriate and widely used source of drinking water, which is increasingly threatened by pollution from industrial and agricultural activities. To check the severity of the problem, 156 groundwater samples were collected from various depths (60-110 ft) of 52 different localities in Faisalabad city, the third largest metropolis in Pakistan, and analyzed for the metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Mn and Fe) concentration in 2009. Quantification was done by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer technique and the results were compared with WHO standards for drinking water quality. Results showed that the levels of Cu, Mn and Fe were below the WHO standards while the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb were above the recommended levels of safe drinking water. Correlation analysis among the occurrence of these heavy metals revealed a highly significant and positive correlation of Mn with Zn and Fe. A significant and positive correlation of Cd was also found with Cu and groundwater depth showing that there is strong association between Cu-Cd pair and that the Cd concentration varies with depth of groundwater in the study area. Regional patterns of heavy metals occurrence were mapped using Geographical Information System (GIS) for the identification and demarcation of risk areas. The concentration maps may be used by policymakers of the city to mitigate groundwater pollution.  相似文献   

Future change in the frequency of warm and cold spells over Pakistan simulated by the PRECIS regional climate model     

Siraj ul Islam  Nadia Rehman  Muhammad Munir Sheikh 《Climatic change》2009,94(1-2):35-45

Climate change caused by anthropogenic activities has generated a variety of research focusing on investigating the past climate, predicting the future climate and quantifying the change in climate extreme events by using different climate models. Climate extreme events are valuable to evaluate the potential impact of climate change on human activities, agriculture and economy and are also useful to monitor the climate change on global scale. Here, a Regional Climate Model (RCM) simulation is used to study the future variations in the temperature extreme indices, particularly change in frequency of warm and cold spells duration over Pakistan. The analyses are done on the basis of simulating two 30 years simulations with the Hadley Center’s RCM PRECIS, at a horizontal resolution of 50 km. Simulation for the period 1961–1990 represents the recent climate and simulation for the period 2071–2100 represents the future climate. These simulations are driven by lateral boundary conditions from HadAM3P GCM of Hadley centre UK. For the validation of model, observed mean, maximum and minimum temperatures for the period 1961–1990 at all the available stations in Pakistan are first averaged and are then compared with the PRECIS averaged grid-box data. Also the observed monthly gridded data set of Climate Research Unit (UK) data is used to validate the model. Temperature indices in the base period as well as in future are then calculated and the corresponding change is observed. Percentile based spatial change of temperature shows that in summer, increase in daily minimum temperature is more as compared to the increase of daily maximum temperature whereas in winter, the change in maximum temperature is high. The occurrence of annual cold spells shows significantly decreasing trend while for warm spells there is slight increasing trend over Pakistan.  相似文献   

Recycling of Paper Mill Biosolids: A Review on Current Practices and Emerging Biorefinery Initiatives          下载免费PDF全文

Muhammad Pervaiz  Mohini Sain 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(6):919-926

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Grain Cadmium and Zinc Concentrations in Maize Influenced by Genotypic Variations and Zinc Fertilization   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

Shah Fahad  Saddam Hussain  Shah Saud  Shah Hassan  Darakh Shan  Yutiao Chen  Nanyan Deng  Fahad Khan  Chao Wu  Wei Wu  Farroq Shah  Bashir Ullah  Muhammad Yousaf  Saqib Ali  Jianliang Huang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(10):1433-1440

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