中国夏季云和降水的定量关系及其成因分析     

彭艳玉  刘煜  郜倩倩 《热带气象学报》2024,(2):326-340

云的形成是产生降雨的必要条件,云和降水之间存在着极为密切而复杂的联系。利用常规站点数据和ISCCP卫星数据等资料分析了夏季中国地区云的多种特征参数的变化与降水变化在时空分布上的联系。站点数据结果表明总云量、低云量与降水的距平在全国范围内表现出显著的正相关关系;在通过0.05水平显著性检验的站点上,云量和降水距平百分率之间的线性关系较明显,总云量每增加1.00%降水增加2.23%,低云量每增加1.00%降水增加0.46%。ISCCP数据结果显示总云云量、光学厚度和云水路径以及高云中的卷层云和深对流云云量与降水距平呈非常好的正相关关系。采用K-means聚类分析方法并参考中国地理气候分布特点,将中国分为9个气候区,以小波相干分析和交叉小波分析对各个气候区夏季云量和降水距平百分率序列在时频域内多尺度特征的关系做了进一步研究。结果显示9个气候区夏季白天总云量和低云量与降水变化在2~4年(a)和5~8a的尺度周期都具有较强的相干性与共振周期,且处于正相关位相。在时空分布和时频域上,中国地区夏季云和降水的变化之间都存在非常显著的正相关关系,尤其是低云量。云和降水变化之间具有强相干性与共振周期是两者之间正相关联系的原因。  相似文献   

考虑发电机尾流作用的潮流能理论可开发量的评估     

HOU Fang  BAO Xianwen  LI Benxi  LIU Qianqian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):86-91

In this study, we construct one 2–dimensional tidal simulation, using an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM). In the 2–D model, we simulated the tidal turbines through adding additional bottom drag in the element where the tidal turbines reside. The additional bottom drag was calculated from the relationship of the bottom friction dissipation and the rated rotor efficiency of the tidal energy turbine. This study analyzed the effect of the tidal energy turbine to the hydrodynamic environment, and calculated the amount of the extractable tidal energy resource at the Guishan Hangmen Channel, considering the rotor wake effect.  相似文献   

山东昌邑国家级海洋生态特别保护区生态环境现状及管护对策研究          下载免费PDF全文

隽云昌  刘国宁  张颖  张守本  李秋霞  宋秀凯  马元庆  秦华伟  张志  吴倩倩  付新华 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(7):63-71

山东昌邑国家级海洋生态特别保护区是目前国内唯一以柽柳林生态系统为主要管理和保护对象的国家级海洋保护区。为系统、全面地了解保护区内生态环境和保护物种的变化趋势,文章对山东昌邑国家级海洋生态特别保护区生态环境现状进行了监测与评价,并根据评价结果,分析了保护区保护与管理中存在的问题。研究表明,该保护区生态环境一直处于亚健康状态,为促进保护及管护,提出了加强保护区生态建设,改变保护区开发利用模式;加强能力建设,实现保护区动态监控;协调发展与保护的关系,实现资源可持续利用;大力开展柽柳生态修复,恢复柽柳的资源状况的对策建议。  相似文献   

水文重力效应改正中一维地下水模拟算法的对比     

贺前钱  孙和平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(5):529-532

基于一维地下水渗透方程详细推导其有限差分解算过程,引入不同于显式差分的隐式差分和中心差分格式,对比分析不同差分格式对地下水模拟结果及其相应地下水重力效应的影响,并对其中的层间参数取值和非线性方程的线性化问题进行探讨。结果表明,在日本Isawa扇形地区超导台站,不同层间参数加权公式能够引起最大约0.15 μGal的重力效应差异,影响在1.9%以内;不同差分格式和线性化方法组合形式能够引起最大约0.12 μGal的重力效应差异,影响在1.5%以内。  相似文献   

克里雅河尾闾圆沙三角洲古河道剖面所记录全新世古绿洲环境变化     

张峰  夏倩倩  迪丽拜尔·吐尔孙  刘建宗 《干旱区地理》2021,44(1):178-187

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地克里雅河沿岸的古绿洲与人类活动遗迹丰富,伴随着河流的变迁,遗址印记了古代文明的消失,河道成为孕育绿洲的证据.在浩瀚的沙漠中,古代文明与古绿洲属于依附关系.以圆沙古城为代表的圆沙古三角洲绿洲是孕育沙漠文明的典型.采自圆沙古城北侧深度约11 m的沉积剖面(KYN22),光释光测年和沉积学分析结果所示,剖面...  相似文献   

Numerical　Modelling　of　the　Effects　of　Ozone　on　the　Summer　Atmospheric　Circulation     

Wang Qianqian  Wang Yinhui  Song Yu  Qian Yongfu 《大气科学进展》1994,11(2):201-211

ＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＭｏｄｅｌｌｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＯｚｏｎｅｏｎｔｈｅＳｕｍｍｅｒＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＣｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎＷａｎｇＱｉａｎｑｉａｎ（王谦谦）；ＷａｎｇＹｉｎｈｕｉ（汪迎辉）；ＳｏｎｇＹｕ（宋煜）（Ｎａｍｉｎｇｉｎｓｔ...  相似文献   

声纳探测北极海冰吃水深度规律的仿真分析     

周康颖  李倩倩  李宏琳  史娟 《地理空间信息》2022,20(5):124-127

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Changes in the critical erosion velocity for sediment colonized by biofilm     

Hongwei Fang  Qianqian Shang  Minghong Chen  Guojian He 《Sedimentology》2014,61(3):648-659

In flowing water the incipient motion of sediment can be affected by the presence of microbial biofilm growth. This article documents a series of flume experiments using non‐uniform sediments, in which sediment entrainment was investigated for cases where the sediment was immersed in deionized water, so that no biofilm developed, and for cases where a bio‐sediment was cultivated by placing the sediment in a mixture of natural water and nutrient solution. Differences in entrainment and the velocity at incipient motion were measured over an eight week period, as biofilm grew. It was found that the incipient motion phenomena were quite distinct between the two kinds of sediment. Sediment with biofilm was more stable and, over time, incipient velocity increased to a threshold level, before declining. Biofilm development is clearly an important control on the stability of sediments, especially in eutrophic water bodies. Two incipient velocity formulas were derived for sliding and rolling conditions. Film water theory was utilized to describe the cohesive force between sediment particles and the adhesive force generated by biofilm was introduced into the formula derivation; the time variation characteristics of biofilm strength and the features of the substrate were also taken into consideration. Such analyses can help to predict sediment transport changes due to biofilm presence in nutrient‐rich water bodies.  相似文献   

全新世温度研究回顾及对历史人地关系的启示     

饶志国  秦倩倩  魏士凯  郭海春  李云霞 《地理学报》2022,77(5):1169-1180

最新一些研究结果强调了全新世期间的长期增温趋势,综合全球平均海平面、大陆冰盖面积、大气温室气体和太阳辐射证据来看,这比传统观点所认为的全新世期间的长期降温趋势,更具有合理性。回顾历史,结合最新的一些研究进展,发现支持“中全新世大暖期”和“晚全新世降温趋势”的证据存在明显的不确定性,最核心的问题为晚全新世加强的人类活动对代用指标或者证据的强烈扰动,使得其不能准确地反映真实的气候变化过程。鉴于目前全新世温度历史争论的核心关键在于晚全新世,因此有必要加强晚全新世温度变化研究。在人类活动影响较小的地区,或者利用对人类活动不敏感的代用指标开展研究,有望可以获得更可靠的晚全新世温度历史重建结果,为准确认识中华数千年文明的长期温度变化背景,进而理解期间的“人地关系”演化历史,并最终客观认识现今面临的以全球变暖为主要特征的气候环境问题,提供一定的科学基础。  相似文献   

Differential Thermal Regimes of the Tarim and Sichuan Basins in China: Implications for Hydrocarbon Generation and Conservation     

CHANG Jian  LI Dan  QIU Nansheng  ZHU Chuanqing  ZHONG Ningning  FENG Qianqian  ZHANG Haizu  WANG Xiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(4):1308-1322

The uncertainty surrounding the thermal regimes of the ultra-deep strata in the Tarim and Sichuan basins, China, is unfavorable for further hydrocarbon exploration. This study summarizes and contrasts the present-day and paleo heat flow, geothermal gradient and deep formation temperatures of the Tarim and Sichuan basins. The average heat flow of the Tarim and Sichuan basins are 42.5 ± 7.6 mW/m2 and 53.8 ± 7.6 mW/m2, respectively, reflecting the characteristics of ‘cold’ and ‘warm’ basins. The geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000 m and 0–7,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 21.6 ± 2.9 °C/km, 20.5 ± 2.8 °C/km and 19.6 ± 2.8 °C/km, respectively, while the geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000m and 0–7,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 21.9 ± 2.3 °C/km, 22.1 ± 2.5 °C/km and 23.3 ± 2.4 °C/km, respectively. The differential change of the geothermal gradient between the Tarim and Sichuan basins with depth probably results from the rock thermal conductivity and heat production rate. The formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m, 9,000 m and 10,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 80°C–190°C, 90°C–220°C, 100°C–230°C, 110°C–240°C and 120°C–250°C, respectively, while the formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m and 9,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 120°C–200°C, 140°C–210°C, 160°C–260°C and 180°C–280°C, respectively. The horizontal distribution pattern of the ultra-deep formation temperatures in the Tarim and Sichuan basins is mainly affected by the basement relief, fault activity and hydrothermal upwelling. The thermal modeling revealed that the paleo-heat flow in the interior of the Tarim Basin decreased since the early Cambrian with an early Permian abrupt peak, while that in the Sichuan Basin experienced three stages of steady state from Cambrian to early Permian, rapidly rising at the end of the early Permian and declining since the late Permian. The thermal regime of the Sichuan Basin was always higher than that of the Tarim Basin, which results in differential oil and gas generation and conservation in the ultra-deep ancient strata. This study not only promotes theoretical development in the exploration of ultra-deep geothermal fields, but also plays an important role in determining the maturation phase of the ultra-deep source rocks and the occurrence state of hydrocarbons in the Tarim and Sichuan basins.  相似文献