Delaunay三角形构网的分治扫描线算法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

芮一康  王结臣 《测绘学报》2007,36(3):358-362

Delaunay三角网作为一种主要的DTM表示法,具有极其广泛的用途。基于分治算法和逐点插入法的合成算法是目前研究较多的用于生成Delaunay三角网的合成算法。简要介绍和评价扫描线算法和分治算法后,提出一种新的基于这两种算法的合成算法。该方法兼顾空间与时间性能,稳定性较高,分别较扫描线算法和分治算法,运行效率和鲁棒性更优。  相似文献   

栅格数据生成等值线的一种实用方法     

王结臣  钱晨晖  芮一康 《测绘科学》2007,32(6):88-90

本文介绍了一种简单实用的基于规则格网数据绘制高质量等值线图形的方法。在该方法的关键过程(等值线追踪过程)中,提出栅格右关联标志的概念,并据此确定初始追踪段;追踪过程中依据邻域栅格值的组合特征确定后续点的走向,设计了避免等值线交叉的处理措施;为获得高质量的等值线图形,采用线性插值方法,得到准确定位和视觉效果较好的等值线图形。文中还介绍了编程实现的方法和技巧,关键算法的程序代码非常简洁,易于实现。  相似文献   

Impacts of small woody debris on slurrying,persistence, and propagation in a low-gradient channel of the Dongyuege debris flow in Nu River,Southwest China     

Yong-Jun Tang  Ze-Min Xu  Tai-Qiang Yang  Zhen-Hua Zhou  Kun Wang  Zhe Ren  Kui Yang  Lin Tian 《Landslides》2018,15(11):2279-2293

Debris flows occurring in well-vegetated alpine areas usually contain a range of sizes of woody debris. Large woody debris (LWD), which has a retaining effect on further transportation of debris downstream, is mainly distributed in upstream reaches, and the amount of small woody debris (SWD) deriving from LWD increases dramatically midstream and downstream. The Dongyuege (DYG) bouldery debris flow with a sandy-matrix took place in a wildwood area, causing 96 deaths and its clay-sized fraction does not contain typical clay minerals. However, its total travel distance and runout distance in a low-gradient reach (between 2° and 5°) upstream of the depositional fan apex reached 11 km and 3.3 km, respectively. The abundant SWD in the DYG debris flow might have played a crucial role in slurrying, persistence, and the long runout over the low gradient. To understand why this debris flow extended so far, slurrying experiments, pore water escape experiments, and excess pore pressure experiments were performed. Crude debris (CD) collected from the DYG debris flow deposit was used throughout the experiments, the tested materials of which are separated into CD-containing SWD with a maximum grain size (MGS?=?2 mm), purified debris (PD) without SWD with a MGS of 2 mm, and SWD <?2 mm in diameter. In the five slurrying experiments with PD-SWD-water mixtures, as the SWD content was elevated from 0.0 to 2.0 wt%, the current velocity of escaping pore water decreased uniformly from 17.2 to 0.9 mm/s. When the SWD content was 1.0 wt% or greater, the mixtures can be considered as one-phase flows of viscous fluids. The six pairs of pore water escape experiments based on the slurries remolded with CD and PD, respectively showed that the time needed for pore water to escape from the CD slurries was much greater than those from their PD counterparts. Also, measured was the dissipation rate of the relative excess pore pressure of CD and PD slurries of various densities and volumes, which showed that most of the rates of the PD-slurries were always greater than CD-slurries. Overall, the results show that SWD has a strong influence on the slurrying of the DYG debris without typical clay minerals found in other debris flows, and SWD helps to sustain the high excess pore pressure in the interior of the debris flow mass which resulted in the extended travel distance over such a low gradient. SWD favors the formation and stability of one-phase water-debris mixtures because of its large specific surface area and low density, which makes it able to absorb fine particles and able to be suspended in slurry flows over long timescales. In well-vegetated mountainous areas, SWD should be taken into account in the assessment of debris-flow hazards.  相似文献   

台州地区地下水储量变化的CORS网反演     

芮明胜  章传银  蒋涛  徐鹏飞  卢浩 《测绘科学》2021,46(6):9-13,37

为了突出连续运行基准站(CORS)网对地下水储量监测能力,该文基于CORS网的高精度大地高时间序列,联合大气、土壤水和海平面变化等地表质量负荷数据,根据地球负荷形变理论,采用移去恢复技术,反演了台州地区2017年1月-2019年6月的地下水储量变化,并与GRACE-FO监测结果进行对比.结果 表明:①CORS网反演的地下水储量具有明显的季节性与年际特征,秋冬季节地下水储量较少,春夏季节地下水储量增多,年变化幅度达到1000 mm.②在空间分布上,台州中东部地区及沿海地区变化量,比西北部的内陆地区变化量大.③与GRACE结果相比,除局部区域存在差异,整体上时空变化趋势具有较高一致性.在小区域的地下水储量反演中,CORS网具有可行性.  相似文献   

阿尔巴尼亚布尔齐泽壳-幔过渡带豆荚状铬铁矿成因及其对富Ti熔体交代作用的记录          下载免费PDF全文

邱添  杨经绥  吴魏伟  熊发挥  芮会超  蒋久阳 《沉积与特提斯地质》2021,41(3):485-504

豆荚状铬铁矿是关键金属铬的重要来源之一,尽管豆荚状铬铁矿的研究取得了诸多进展,但对于发育于蛇绿岩壳-幔过渡带的铬铁矿成因却涉及较少。阿尔巴尼亚布尔齐泽岩体壳-幔过渡带中产出的Cerruja豆荚状铬铁矿矿床,其矿体及纯橄岩围岩普遍被辉石岩脉穿切,辉石岩脉与矿体接触带以及辉石岩脉中的铬尖晶石强烈破碎,在铬尖晶石的裂隙和包裹体中发育大量富Ti矿物相,如金红石、钛铁矿和榍石等,是研究壳-幔过渡带铬铁矿成因的理想对象。Cerruja豆荚状铬铁矿及纯橄岩围岩中铬尖晶石Cr#分别为0.56~0.58和0.52~0.55,属于高铝型铬铁矿。接触带及辉石岩脉中的铬尖晶石Cr#明显升高（分别为0.57~0.67和0.72~0.83）,且Ti、V、Mn、Sc、Co、Zn和Ga含量也升高。本文依据铬尖晶石的结构及矿物化学成分变化特征,提出布尔齐泽壳-幔过渡带铬铁矿经历多阶段演化叠加：首先,Mirdita-Pindos洋盆在侏罗纪（约165 Ma）发生洋内初始俯冲,软流圈物质上涌生成的MORB-like弧前玄武质熔体随着俯冲的进行逐渐向玻安质熔体演变,期间产生的过渡型熔体与地幔橄榄岩反应生成高铝型铬铁矿;然后,部分MORB-like弧前玄武质熔体随着堆晶间隙分离结晶往富Fe和Ti的方向演化,改造早期形成的高铝型铬铁矿并结晶高铬型铬铁矿,同时生成金红石、钛铁矿和榍石等富Ti矿物相。  相似文献   

基于开源WebGIS的上海城市灾害信息系统     

陈珂  芮建勋  温家洪 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(3):10-12

利用开源Web GIS架构,设计了高效率、低成本的系统建设方案,并以上海市为例,构建了上海城市灾害信息系统。系统以Map Server为核心,使用Postgre SQL作为后台数据库,具备Web信息发布、空间数据的存储与管理等基本功能,提供了地图服务,可以满足多用户并发访问,并能实现专题地图、查询统计、空间分析与建模、决策支持、制图输出等多种功能。  相似文献   

中国海域有效波高、海表风速长期变化趋势的季节特征     

郑崇伟  潘静  谭言科  高占胜  芮震峰  陈超辉 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(9):58-64

Long-term variations in a sea surface wind speed(WS) and a significant wave height(SWH) are associated with the global climate change, the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters, and an ocean resource exploitation,and other activities. The seasonal characteristics of the long-term trends in China's seas WS and SWH are determined based on 24 a(1988–2011) cross-calibrated, multi-platform(CCMP) wind data and 24 a hindcast wave data obtained with the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) wave model forced by CCMP wind data. The results show the following.(1) For the past 24 a, the China's WS and SWH exhibit a significant increasing trend as a whole, of3.38 cm/(s·a) in the WS, 1.3 cm/a in the SWH.(2) As a whole, the increasing trend of the China's seas WS and SWH is strongest in March-April-May(MAM) and December-January-February(DJF), followed by June-July-August(JJA), and smallest in September-October-November(SON).(3) The areal extent of significant increases in the WS was largest in MAM, while the area decreased in JJA and DJF; the smallest area was apparent in SON. In contrast to the WS, almost all of China's seas exhibited a significant increase in SWH in MAM and DJF; the range was slightly smaller in JJA and SON. The WS and SWH in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, the Tsushima Strait, the Taiwan Strait, the northern South China Sea, the Beibu Gulf, and the Gulf of Thailand exhibited a significant increase in all seasons.(4) The variations in China's seas SWH and WS depended on the season. The areas with a strong increase usually appeared in DJF.  相似文献   

一种自适应时间步长的场地地表污染扩散元胞自动机仿真模型     

王信雷  芮小平  谢宜霖  朱益虎  杨蕴 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(11):2071-2088

针对传统扩散模型难以动态模拟地表污染物时空不均匀扩散过程的问题,本文提出一种基于元胞自动机模型的污染物地表扩散仿真模型,在综合考虑地表高差及粗糙度对污染物扩散过程影响的基础上,确定了不规则污染场地的元胞边界条件、划分了元胞空间、提出了一种降雨和非降雨条件下污染物扩散流速计算方法,基于分子扩散建立了地表污染扩散模型演变规则。为更好模拟地表污染物扩散情况,本文提出了一种污染物随坡度和质量衰减的元胞自适应时间步长调整算法,该算法能够动态调整元胞自动机的时间步长,防止固定时间步长在污染物快速扩散时错过细节,而缓慢扩散时消耗计算资源。实验设计了降雨和非降雨两种情形对污染物随时间扩散的过程进行仿真与分析。实验结果表明,不同下垫面对污染物扩散速度有很大的影响,污染物在糙率为0.012的水泥地表上的扩散速度约为其在糙率为0.035的一般性土壤地表上的2.7倍;降雨强度和时长能够加快污染物的扩散,且扩散速度随着降雨曲线变化而改变,并在雨强峰值附近达到最大;污染物扩散服从坡度分布特征,且随着时间变化,高污染区域范围和污染物浓度差异渐渐变小,并在一段时间后,浓度变化渐渐趋于平稳;自适应时间步长演变算法能够较好地体现一次演变过程中污染物扩散在不同邻域元胞方向上的细微时间差异,提高污染物时空分布的计算精度。  相似文献   

ANALYSIS OF SPRING WATER MASSES IN NEARSHORE WATERS OFF YANTAI,WEIHAI AND SHIDAO     

郑东  张瑞安 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(Z1)

This paper uses the hydrographic date obtained during the springs from 1960to 1980 with the temperature and salinty as the major indexes. By combining the method of the chustering analysis which approaches T-S diagram with the study of the geographical characteristics in the aea area, it makes a comprehensive analysis of the development in the straeture of the spring water Basses in the sea area off Yaadtai, Weihai and Shidao and its relations with the fishing periods and fishing zones. The resalts show that the variations in the strength and the position shifting of the cold water in the northern Yellow Sea and off Qiagdao as well as the Warm water in the Yellow Sea will greatly affect the time when the fishing period be-gins as well as the shifting of the positions of the fishing zone in spring.  相似文献   

基于农户视角的洪灾社会脆弱度及影响因素——以安康市4个滨河村庄为例     

石钰  马恩朴  李同昇  芮旸 《地理科学进展》2017,36(11):1380-1390

降低洪灾社会脆弱度是缓解洪灾社会影响,建立洪水韧性的重要途径。本文从敏感性、适应性和暴露度3个方面构建微观尺度下的洪灾社会脆弱度评价指标体系,以安康市4个滨河村庄为例,运用基于熵权的综合指数法评价农户的洪灾社会脆弱度,并通过BP神经网络分析厘清评价指标与社会脆弱度之间的重要性关系,识别出洪灾社会脆弱度的主要影响因素。据此提出相应的对策建议作为降低农户洪灾社会脆弱度的实践依据。研究表明：①案例村调研样本中近一半的农户处于高社会脆弱度等级,由此推算,研究区有715个农户具有较高的洪灾社会脆弱度;②受访者健康状况、防汛信息渠道、避灾疏散方式、建筑质量、是否有病残人口、家庭收入多样性、5岁以下幼儿比重和60岁以上老年人比重是农户社会脆弱度的主要影响因素;③基于农户视角的洪灾社会脆弱度评价能准确地识别出脆弱度较高的农户,其结果在降低洪灾社会脆弱度方面更具有现实意义。  相似文献