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101.
Jeong-Eon Moon Young-Je Park Joo-Hyung Ryu Jong-Kuk Choi Jae-Hyun Ahn Jee-Eun Min Young-Baek Son Sun-Ju Lee Hee-Jeong Han Yu-Hwan Ahn 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(3):261-277
This paper provides initial validation results for GOCI-derived water products using match-ups between the satellite and ship-borne in situ data for the period of 2010?C2011, with a focus on remote-sensing reflectance (R rs ). Match-up data were constructed through systematic quality control of both in situ and GOCI data, and a manual inspection of associated GOCI images to identify pixels contaminated by cloud, land and inter-slot radiometric discrepancy. Efforts were made to process and quality check the in situ R rs data. This selection process yielded 32 optimal match-ups for the R rs spectra, chlorophyll a concentration (Chl_a) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and with 20 match-ups for suspended particulate matter concentration (SPM). Most of the match-ups are located close to shore and thus the validation should be interpreted limiting to near-shore coastal waters. The R rs match-ups showed the mean relative errors of 18?C33% for the visible bands with the lowest 18?C19% for the 490 nm and 555 nm bands and 33% for the 412 nm band. Correlation for the R rs match-ups was high in the 490?C865 nm bands (R2=0.72?C0.84) and lower in the 412 nm band (R2=0.43) and 443 nm band (R2=0.66). The match-ups for Chl_a showed a low correlation (<0.41) although the mean absolute percentage error was 35% for the GOCI standard Chl_a. The CDOM match-ups showed an even worse comparison with R2<0.2. These match-up comparison for Chl_a and CDOM would imply the difficulty to estimate Chl_a and CDOM in near-shore waters where the variability in SPM would dominate the variability in R rs . Clearly, the match-up statistics for SPM was better with R2=0.73 and 0.87 for two evaluated algorithms, although GOCI-derived SPM overestimated low concentration and underestimated high concentration. Based on this initial match-up analysis, we made several recommendations -1) to collect more offshore under-water measurements of the R rs data, 2) to include quality flags in level-2 products, 3) to introduce an ISRD correction in the GOCI processing chain, 4) to investigate other types of in-water algorithms such as semianalytical ones, and 5) to investigate vicarious calibration for GOCI data and to maintain accurate and consistent calibration of field radiometric instruments. 相似文献
102.
Development of atmospheric correction algorithm for Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jae-Hyun Ahn Young-Je Park Joo-Hyung Ryu Boram Lee Im Sang Oh 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(3):247-259
This paper describes an atmospheric correction algorithm for Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) and its early phase evaluation. This algorithm was implemented in GOCI Data Processing System (GDPS) version 1.1. The algorithm is based on the standard SeaWiFS method, which accounts for multiple scattering effects and partially updated in terms of turbid case-2 water correction, optimized aerosol models, and solar angle correction per slot. For turbid water correction, we used a regional empirical relationship between water reflectance at the red (660 nm) and near infrared bands (745 nm and 865 nm). The relationship was derived from turbid pixels in satellite images after atmospheric correction, and processed using aerosol properties derived for neighboring non-turbid waters. For validation of the GOCI atmospheric correction, we compared our results with in situ measurements of normalized water leaving radiance (nL w ) spectra that were obtained during several cruises in 2011 around Korean peninsula. The match up showed an acceptable result with mean ratio of the GOCI to in situ nL w (??), 1.17, 1.24, 1.26, 1.15, 0.86 and 0.99 at 412 nm, 443 nm, 490 nm, 555 nm, 660 nm and 680 nm, respectively. It is speculated that part of the deviation arose from a lack of vicarious calibration and uncertainties in the above water nLw measurements. 相似文献
103.
104.
Satoshi Itaba Naoji Koizumi Norio Matsumoto Ryu Ohtani 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2010,167(8-9):1105-1114
In 2006, we started construction of an observation network of 12 stations in and around Shikoku and the Kii Peninsula to conduct research for forecasting Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes. The purpose of the network is to clarify the mechanism of past preseismic groundwater changes and crustal deformation related to Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes. Construction of the network of 12 stations was completed in January 2009. Work on two stations, Hongu-Mikoshi (HGM) and Ichiura (ICU), was finished earlier and they began observations in 2007. These two stations detected strain changes caused by the slow-slip events on the plate boundary in June 2008, although related changes in groundwater levels were not clearly recognized. 相似文献
105.
Stream water-use is essential for both agricultural and hydrological management and yet not many studies have explored its non-stationarity and nonlinearity with meteorological variables. This study proposed a deep-learning based model to estimate agricultural water withdrawal using hydro-meteorological variables, which projected the changes of agricultural water withdrawal influenced by climate change of future. The relationships between meteorological variables and stream water-use rate (WUR) were quantified using a deep belief network (DBN). The influences of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and monthly averaged WUR on the performance of the developed DBN model were tested. As a result, this DBN with potential evapotranspiration (PET) provided better performances than precipitation to estimate the WUR. The PET of multi-model scenarios for Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 would be increased as time goes by, and thus leads to increase WUR estimated by DBN in three basins, located in South Korea during the future period. On the contrary, water availability expected to decrease compared to the current. Therefore, managing water-uses and improving efficiencies can be prepared for the change in agricultural water-use by climate change in the future. 相似文献
106.
Jae H. Ryu Mark D. Svoboda John D. Lenters Tsegaye Tadesse Cody L. Knutson 《Climatic change》2010,101(3-4):575-597
The relationship between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and hydrologic variability in the United States is investigated using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF)/Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The multivariate ENSO index (MEI) is utilized to identify strong coherences associated with multiple months (1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 48-month) of the Log-Standardized Hydrologic Drought Index (LSHDI) in the conterminous states for the period 1950–2005. Based on 56 years of monthly streamflow data for 102 forecast climate divisions, this research explores the spatial and temporal variation of hydrologic responses corresponding to ENSO events. Preliminary results show that a potential predictor of the dominant streamflow modes in the northern Great Plains is identified from streamflows in western Arizona. Also, positive relationships between hydrologic drought and El Niño were found in the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, and northern California), whereas negative relationships were detected in southern California and the northern Great Plains. These findings will provide useful insights to help improve streamflow forecast potential and capabilities, and minimize the impacts of hydrologic events (e.g. floods and droughts) associated with ENSO events. 相似文献
107.
Summary This study investigated the impact of atmospheric aerosols on surface ultraviolet (UV) irradiance at Gwangju, Korea (35°13′N,
126°50′E). Data analyzed included surface UV irradiance measured by UV radiometers from June 1998 to April 2001 and the aerosol
optical depth (AOD) in the visible range determined from a rotating shadow-band radiometer (RSR). The radiation amplification
factor (RAF) of ozone for UV-B (280–315 nm) at Gwangju was 1.32–1.62. Values of the RAF of aerosols (RAFAOD) for UV-A and UV-B were 0.18–0.20 and 0.22–0.26, respectively.
Authors’ addresses: Jeong Eun Kim, Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute of Science
and Technology (GIST) and Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA); Seong Yoon Ryu, Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research
Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) and Division of Metrology, Korea Research Institute of
Standards and Science (KRISS); Young Joon Kim, Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC) Gwangju Institute
of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea. 相似文献
108.
109.
Kyung-Hwan Kwak Jong-Jin Baik Sang-Hyun Lee Young-Hee Ryu 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2011,141(1):77-92
Urban surface and radiation processes are incorporated into a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the
diurnal variation of flow in a street canyon with an aspect ratio of 1. The developed CFD model predicts surface and substrate
temperatures of the roof, walls, and road. One-day simulations are performed with various ambient wind speeds of 2, 3, 4,
5, and 6 ms−1, with the ambient wind perpendicular to the north–south oriented canyon. During the day, the largest maximum surface temperature
for all surfaces is found at the road surface for an ambient wind speed of 3 ms−1 (56.0°C). Two flow regimes are identified by the vortex configuration in the street canyon. Flow regime I is characterized
by a primary vortex. Flow regime II is characterized by two counter-rotating vortices, which appears in the presence of strong
downwind building-wall heating. Air temperature is relatively low near the downwind building wall in flow regime I and inside
the upper vortex in flow regime II. In flow regime II, the upper vortex expands with increasing ambient wind speed, thus enlarging
the extent of cool air within the canyon. The canyon wind speed in flow regime II is proportional to the ambient wind speed,
but that in flow regime I is not. For weak ambient winds, the dependency of surface sensible heat flux on the ambient wind
speed is found to play an essential role in determining the relationship between canyon wind speed and ambient wind speed. 相似文献
110.
D. Deb K. N. R. Kaushik B. H. Choi C. H. Ryu Y. B. Jung C. Sunwoo 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(4):419-429
In Pasir mine, coal seams and host rocks of varying thickness have been uniquely deposited with an average dip angle of 85°.
The host rocks are weak and mainly composed of mudstone and sandstone comprising of 90–95% of the total pit volume. The thickness
of coal seams and host rocks ranges from sub-metric to few tenths of meter. The overall safe pit slope angle was evaluated
to be 27° for mining depth of 50–150 m. Several slopes failure incidents have occurred in the mine causing considerable disruption
in production and monetary loss. It is envisaged that slope failures may be triggered due to blasting conducted in steeply
dipping stratified deposit. In order to investigate the causes of slope failures, peak particle velocity (PPV) and accelerations
at various locations from the blast site have been measured. In addition, finite element models of pit slope have been analyzed
by applying static or gravity loading as well as blasting or dynamic loading. This paper elaborates the results of in situ
measurements of ground vibration and numerical investigation and suggests possible causes of slope failures in Pasir mine. 相似文献