Characterisation of respirable dust exposure of different category of workers in Jharia Coalfields     

Jai Krishna Pandey  Deepa Agarwal  Sanjoy Gorain  Rajnish Kumar Dubey  Manoj Kumar Vishwakarma  Kamlesh Kumar Mishra  Asim Kumar Pal 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(7):183

This paper presents dust exposure study of 69 workers engaged in 11 categories of jobs over seven coalmines of Jharia Coalfields. Dust samples were analysed for dust concentration, maximum exposure limit (MEL), free silica and other minerals present, and particle size and shape. Study reveals that workers engaged in vicinity of coal/rock cutting operation, are exposed to higher dust concentration (50% samples exceeding MEL), and contain more fine particles (d ₅₀ < 5 μm) with sharp edges. Samples exceeding MEL are classified as high-risk category which needs special attention for taking preventive and protective measure like use of personal protective equipments, job rotation and reduction in dust generation through engineering control using appropriate technology of dust suppression and dust extraction as per their applicability. The study also suggests presence of kaolinite and asbestos along with quartz which make the dust more harmful in nature necessitating further investigation and careful control measures.  相似文献   

Estimation of the Shale Oil/Gas Potential of a Paleocene–Eocene Succession: A Case Study from the Meyal Area, Potwar Basin, Pakistan     

Ali AAMIR  Ullah MATEE  Hussain MATLOOB  Asher Samuel BHATTI  Rehman KHAISTA 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(6):2180-2199

The successful exploration and production of shale-gas resources in the United States and Canada sets a new possible solution towards the energy crisis presently affecting most countries of Asia. This study focuses on the use of well log and 2D seismic data for the characterization of the shale oil/gas potential of a Paleocene–Eocene succession — the Meyal area in the Potwar Basin of Pakistan. Two shaly plays are identified in Paleocene–Eocene strata in well logs using ΔLogR and modified ΔLogR cross-plot techniques. The results indicate that Paleocene shale(the Patala Formation) and the lower shaly part of Eocene limestone(Sakesar Formation) can be potentially mature source rocks. However, the thermal maturity modelling proves that only the Paleocene shale is mature. Our results also suggest that the maturity responses on ΔLogR models for the lower shaly part of the Eocene limestone are due to trapped hydrocarbons in the intra-formational fractures. Petroelastic/petrophysical analysis of the Patala Formation reveals two potential shale oil/gas zones on the basis of Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Brittleness index and Total Organic Content at an exploitation depth of 3980–3988 m. This work can provide valuable insight for estimating shale oil/gas potential in highly deformed basins not only in Asia but in other parts of the world.  相似文献   

Earthquake magnitude prediction in Hindukush region using machine learning techniques     

Asim  K. M.  Martínez-Álvarez  F.  Basit  A.  Iqbal  T. 《Natural Hazards》2017,85(1):471-486

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Estimation of flood quantiles at gauged and ungauged sites of the four major rivers of Punjab,Pakistan     

Hussain  Zamir 《Natural Hazards》2017,86(1):107-123

Natural Hazards - The paper illustrates the results of regional flood frequency analysis of eleven sites of the four major rivers of Punjab, Pakistan. The discordancy measure (D i ) shows that none...  相似文献   

The relationship of sediment texture with coastal environments along the Kuala Terengganu Coast, Malaysia     

Rosnan Yaacob  Mohd Lokman Hussain 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(4-5):639-645

The subtidal sediments of four coastal environments (beach, berm, surf zone and nearshore sea floor) of Kuala Terengganu have been studied in terms of their textural characteristics and depositional process. Sampling and statistical analyses of the grain size distributions of beach, surf zone and shallow sea-floor sediments at various locations along the coastline show that they varied in their mean grain size as well as values of sorting and skewness. The statistical parameters of grain size distributions thus allowed recognition of distinct sub-environments. The size distribution of such sediments suggests that the various processes that are responsible for their transportation and deposition are wave, current and wind action. The different energy conditions and the morphology of each coastal environment seem to be reflected in the characteristics of the sediments in each environment.  相似文献   

Evaluation of advanced rice germplasm under water stress environment     

Y. Ali  G. Sarwar  Z. Aslam  F. Hussain  T. Rafique 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2005,2(1):27-33

Thirteen genotypes of rice comprising of approved varieties and elite candidate lines were studied at three different water regimes by supplying 12, 8 and 4 numbers of irrigations at different intervals/ stages. The experiment was conducted at NIAB Farm Faisalabad, Pakistan on a clay loam soil applying normal doses of N and P fertilizers during 2002–2003 keeping varieties in the main plot while treatments in sub plot. The data for twelve morphological characters i.e. days to flower, days to mature, plant height, panicle length, number of productive tillers, number of primary and secondary branches, 1000 grain weight, sterile grains per spike, number of total grains per spike, fertility percentage, grain yield were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared following DMR test. Effect of water stress on different morphological attributes in all treatments showed significant differences. Plant height, branches per plant, number of grains and grain yield reduced at less number of irrigations while sterility percentage was increased at less moisture conditions. Maximum grain yield (5349 Kg/ha) was achieved at T1 where 12 number of irrigations were applied at T2 (8 irrigations) and T3 (4 irrigations). The yield reduction was observed from 30.32% to 42.53%, respectively as compared to T1 (12 irrigations). Rice variety DM 64198 produced the highest seed yield (4766 Kg/ha) followed by DM-3-89 (4770 Kg/ha).This might be due to different genetic make up of the breeding lines and their behavior and interaction in water stress environment. Furthermore, high irrigation level made possible the appropriate water availability possible at proper time for performing different types of physiochemical processes of development that hindered at less number of irrigation or water stress environment. It may be concluded that for achieving maximum economic yield, at least 12 irrigations were essential otherwise the production will be reduced to a considerable extent.  相似文献   

Temperature dependence of photoluminescence emission characteristics in a natural fluorite     

F. O. Ogundare  F. A. Balogun  L. A. Hussain 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,90(3-4):167-173

Summary The temperature dependence of photoluminescence emission of a natural fluorite has been studied in the wavelength region of 380–500 nm and in the temperature range of 17.5–300 K. The emission spectra of the sample show a broad emission band between 380 and 500 nm for temperatures above 100 K. At 100 K and below, vibronic lines appear on the emission band at approximately 413.3, 418.1, 419.3, 420.2, 423.9 and 427.1 nm. This broad emission band and the vibronic lines in fluorite are usually associated with phonon-coupled electronic transitions from 4f⁶5d to 4f⁷ in the Eu²⁺ ion. Temperature dependences of the peak energy, intensity and full-width at half-maximum of the broad emission band are discussed, and the behaviour explained in terms of a configurational coordinate model. The excited state vibrational energy was obtained to be 0.023 ± 0.001 eV and this is lower than the LO phonon energy of 0.062 eV in pure fluorite. The activation energy of thermal quenching of the photoluminescence intensity was found to be 0.022 ± 0.002 eV.  相似文献   

Age and isotopic constraints on magmatism along the Karakoram-Kohistan Suture Zone,NW Pakistan: evidence for subduction and continued convergence after India-Asia collision   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stefan Heuberger  Urs Schaltegger  Jean-Pierre Burg  Igor Maria Villa  Martin Frank  Hamid Dawood  Shahid Hussain  Andrea Zanchi 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2007,100(1):85-107

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Petrological and Geochemical Characteristics of Archean Gneisses and Granitoids from Bastar Craton, Central India – Implication for Subduction Related Magmatism     

M.F. Hussain  M.E.A. Mondal  T. Ahmad   《Gondwana Research》2004,7(2):531-537

The gneisses and granitoids of Bastar craton (with rock suites up to 3.5 Ga) show calc-alkaline trondhjemitic characteristics. The rocks are enriched in both LILE and HFSE than primordial mantle. They have also relatively higher abundances of LILE and strong depletion at P and Ti in the multielement diagram. The depletion of Ti and P indicates retention of these elements by titanite and/or apatite during partial melting. It is proposed that subduction of an oceanic slab and its consequent melting led to the formation of the protoliths of the gneisses without much interaction with the mantle wedge. The granitoids represent temporally distinct suites formed in response to further melting of slab at greater depth and interaction of magma with the mantle wedge during their transport to the crust.  相似文献   

Genotype and environmental interaction in cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata-L) for yield and disease resistance     

Y. Ali  Z. Aslam  F. Hussain  A. Shakur 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2004,1(2):119-123

Twenty-six cowpea cultivars were tested for yellow mosaic virus resistance at NIAB Faisalabad. NCPM-1, Elite, IT-84-552, No.44, P-518, S.A. Dandy, IT-97k-350-4, IT-93K-452, IT-97K-1042-8 and IT-97K-497-2 showed resistant reaction to yellow mosaic virus disease. As the study was aimed to select disease resistant and high yielding cultivars. Five cultivars viz. NCPM-1, Elite. S.A. Dandy, IT-97K-497-2 and IT-97K-1042-8 were chosen and evaluated at five different ecological zones during the year 2003. At each location, the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design keeping 7.2 m² plot size in three repeats. At maturity the seed yield was collected and subjected to analysis of variance following stability parameters, varieties, environment and varieties x environment showed significant differences. Significant and highest seed yield (880 kg/ha) was observed in NIAB cowpea mutant-1 followed by Elite (729 Kg/ha). The highest yielding genotypes i.e. NIAB cowpea Mutant-1 and Elite showed non-significant differences of regression coefficient from one. Moreover these genotypes also exhibited non-significant difference of standard deviation to regression from zero. Based on three parameters i.e. high mean seed yield, regression coefficient and standard deviation to regression, these genotypes showed excellent and trustworthy stable performance over different environment. Hopefully these genotypes will definitely be helpful for increasing one local production of cowpea crop.  相似文献