海底MT信号采集电路的设计   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

邓明  魏文博  谭捍东  金胜  邓靖武  罗贤虎 《地学前缘》2003,10(1):155-161

设计海底大地电磁信号采集电路，需考虑海底信号特征、海上作业以及海底环境等各种因素。分析表明，除遵循电路设计的一般原则外，海底大地电磁测量要重点解决微弱信号检测、智能化数据采集、海底环境监测和同步记录等4个方面的问题。在设计方案中，电路灵敏度达到微伏级；使用嵌入式计算机实现采集控制；对方位、倾斜、振动、温度等参数进行巡回记录；仪器的时钟精度精准到微秒。所研制的电路经过了室内模拟测试和海洋试验。首次采集到中国海域的大地电磁数据。  相似文献   

第四纪沉积物天然热释光测量方法技术研究——山东草桥油田研究实例   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

王南萍  王平  侯胜利  刘海生  程业勋 《地学前缘》2003,10(1):205-211

第四纪沉积物天然热释光测量是一种累积间接油气勘查新方法。文中给出了首次系统研究的成果 ,从数百个样品中总结出的适用油气勘探的预热线形升温、恒温最佳加热程序 ,升温速率以 β=6℃ /s为宜 ,恒温温度 40 0℃ ,40 0℃恒温时间为 12s。在沉积物辐射剂量响应及日光晒退实验数据的基础上 ,总结了样品采集、预处理及测量方法。通过对山东草桥油田第四纪沉积物天然热释光与游离气烃野外实测资料的分析 ,发现天然热释光异常与气烃异常完全吻合 ,在油水边界上方 ,热释光、甲烷、乙烷出现高值异常 ,油田上方是低值带 ,为串珠状异常模式。热释光最大值为 2 0 4.2 μGy ,平均值为 79.45μGy ,标准差为 3 4 .14 μGy ;甲烷浓度异常下限为 2 5μL/L ,乙烷浓度异常下限为 4.4μL/L。  相似文献   

地球深部物质的某些物性测量方法研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

谢鸿森  周文戈  刘永刚  郭捷  侯渭 《地学前缘》2003,10(2):357-365

文中介绍了地球深部物质实验室近 2 0年来开展高温高压下地球深部物质物性实验研究过程中 ,在测量方法方面的进步和应用情况。这些测量方法包括了高温、高压下弹性的超声测量方法、高温高压下电性的测量方法、高压差热分析法和高压下热学Gr櫣ｎｅｉｓｅｎ参数的测量方法诟呶赂哐瓜卵沂涂笪锏牡猿饬恐?,我们由超声脉冲透射方法改进为超声脉冲透射反射法 ,克服了样品室中压力和温度梯度对样品的影响。在高温高压下岩石和矿物的电学性质测量中 ,我们由直流法发展为阻抗谱法 ,不仅克服了样品极化对测量结果的影响 ,还可以获得离子在溶液中的多种物理化学参数 ,以及监测含水矿物在高温高压下的脱水动力学特征。在固体传压介质中建立的高压热学Gr櫣ｎｅｉｓｅｎ参数的测量方法 ,由于升压速率比较小且叶蜡石在高压下的热导系数增大 ,其测量结果需要进行校正 ,其测量方法有待进一步改进。  相似文献   

油气差异泵吸作用机理探讨——以泌阳凹陷为例   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

尹伟  吴胜和  王子煜  夏东领 《地学前缘》2003,10(4):619-628

通过对泌阳凹陷油气成藏过程的系统研究,发现在差异抬升过程中,深凹源岩区抬升幅度小,凹陷四周圈闭发育区抬升幅度大,差异抬升运动导致源岩和圈闭之间的势能差急剧增大,从而促使油气大规模沿砂体向圈闭充注,这一过程类似于水泵抽水的过程,据此,文中提出了油气泵吸作用和油气差异泵吸作用的概念及机理,并以泌阳凹陷为例讨论了油气差异泵吸作用的形成条件、主要影响因素及油气差异泵吸作用对油气差异分布的控制作用。研究表明:影响油气差异泵吸作用的因素主要有势能梯度、通道质量和泵源配置及油气运移距离;泌阳凹陷油气分布总体上受成藏运聚系统的控制,在各运聚系统内油气分布受油气差异泵吸作用的控制,其中势能梯度、泵源配置及油气运移距离是影响油气差异分布的主要因素,而在每一个大泵(复合泵)内部,通道质量差异是影响油气差异分布的主要因素。  相似文献   

Review on study of seismotectonics in China     

王椿镛  刘琼林 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(5):534-543

This paper reviews briefly the progresses made during the last four years (1999～2002) in study of seismotectonics in China, especially appraises the achievements in the fields of the crustal and upper mantle‘s structure, the active faults and tectonic setting of large earthquakes, the crustal deformation, and the numerical simulation. Most earth-quakes occurred in China belong to continental earthquakes. Therefore, Chinese seismologists pay more attention to the continental earthquakes. Based on improvements of the observation systems in China during the ninth Five-Year Plan, the studies on seismotectonics have achieved great progresses.  相似文献   

Synthesis of zeolites using fly ash and their application in removing heavy metals from waters   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王焰新  郭永龙  杨志华  蔡鹤生  Xavier Querol 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(9):967-976

Fly ash is the solid waste of thermal power plants where coal is used as fuel, and its management and utilization have been of environmental concern for decades. Since the technique of synthesizing zeolite from coal fly ash was introduced by Holler[1] (19…  相似文献   

Focused ion beam technique and transmission electron microscope studies of microdiamonds from the Saxonian Erzgebirge, Germany     

Larissa F. Dobrzhinetskaya  Harry W. Green  Matthew Weschler  Mark Darus  Young-Chung Wang  Hans-Joachim Massonne  Bernhard St  ckhert 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2003,210(3-4):399-410

A focused ion beam of Ga ions is a relatively new technique that has been developed for microelectronic industries. Now researchers of the Earth sciences find it to be a promising tool for studying various geological materials. Using the FIB technique and an FEI Strata DB 235 dual beam system, we have successfully prepared several electron-transparent foils, which crossed μm-sized diamonds included in host minerals such as zircon and garnet from quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge, Germany. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy applied to these foils revealed that the diamonds contain crystalline nanometric inclusions. These inclusions consist of minerals of known stoichiometries such as SiO₂ and Al₂SiO₅, whereas others are characterized by different combinations of Si, K, P, Ti, and Fe in the presence of oxygen (stoichiometries are not clear at this stage of research). One suite of inclusions is assumed to be represented by archerite, KH₂PO₄, which is known to be stable at pressures of 4–22 GPa, and one nanocrystal containing Pb, oxygen and carbon is interpreted to be Pb_xO_y or PbCO₃. Along with solid crystalline inclusions, the diamonds contain cavities filled by liquid/gas that escaped during sample preparation. These are associated with dislocations of diamond growth. Our data are consistent with the concept of diamond crystallization from a COH-rich multicomponent supercritical fluid and suggest that the composition of such a fluid is more consistent with a local crustal source rather than that of a mantle origin.  相似文献   

Crustal structure beneath the Songpan—Garze orogenic belt   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王椿镛  韩渭宾  吴建平  楼海  白志明 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(3):237-250

The Benzilan-Tangke deepseismic sounding profile in the western Sichuan region passes through the Song-pan-Garze orogenic belt with trend of NNE.Based on the travel times and the related amplitudes of phases in the record sections,the 2-D P-wave crustal structure was ascertained in this paper.The velocity structure has quite strong lateral variation along the profile.The crust is divided into 5layers,where the first,second and third layer belong to the upper crust,the forth and fifth layer belong to the lower crust.The low velocity anomaly zone gener-ally exists in the central part of the upper crust on the profile,and it integrates into the overlying low velocity basement in the area to the north of Ma‘erkang.The crustal structure in the section can be divided into 4parts:in the south of Garze-litang fault,between Garze-Litang fault and Xianshuihe fault,between Xianshuihe fault and Longriba fault and in the north of Longriba fault,which are basically coincided with the regional tectonics division.The crustal thickness decreases from southwest to northeast along the profile,that is ,from62km in the region of the Jinshajiang River to 52km in the region of the Yellow River.The Moho discontinuity does not obviously change across the Xianshuihe fault basesd on the PmP phase analysis.The crustal average velocity along the profile is lower,about 6.30 km/s.The Benzilan-Tangke profile reveals that the crust in the study area is orogenic.The Xianshuihe fault belt is located in the central part of the profile,and the velocity is positive anomaly on the upper crust,and negative anomaly on the lower crust and upper mantle.It is considered as a deep tectonhic setting in favor of strong earthquake‘s accumulation and occurrence.  相似文献   

Regional　Stress　Field　and　Seismic　Dynamics　Along　the　Border　Zone　Between　Fujian,　Guangdong　and　Jiangxi　Provinces     

LüJian  Zhang Fuping  Hu Cui''e  Wang Zhiguo  Huang Shuangfeng  Xie Xüiqiang 《中国地震研究》2003,17(2):134-144

The regional stress field and seismic dynamics along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces are studied based on the seismo-geological data, GPS measurement, and seismicity. The results show that: (1) the principal compressional stress of the stress field is oriented in NW-SE direction and the principal extensional stress is in NE-SW direction; (2) the WNW-ward compression and collision of the Philippine Sea Plate to the eastern coast of Taiwan Island are the most direct and most important dynamic source for preparation and occurrence of strong earthquakes in the Taiwan area and along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces.  相似文献   

Study of Triggering Action Between the Mani （Ms7.9） and the West Kunlun Mountains Pass （ Ms 8.1 ） Great Earthquakes and Their Dynamic Background     

Chen Bing  Jiang Zaisen  Che Shi  WANG Qingliang  Zhu Guizhi  Wang Jiying 《中国地震研究》2003,17(3):199-205

Based on Coulomb static stress variation, the stress trigging action of the Mani ( Ms7.9, Nov.1997) earthquake on the West Kuulun Mountains Pass (MsS.1, Nov. 2001 ) earthquake is researched. Results of different source mechanism resolutions show that a 10_3 MPa Coulomb stress due to the Mani earthquake was added to the fracture fault of the Kunlun earthquake, and this may shift the broken date to about 10 years earlier, and infer that the stress level in the crust is not low. Comparing the relationship between strong earthquake strength and frequency and earth rotation change, it is shown that the strength‘s decrease and the variation period‘ s shortening of earth rotation are important controlling factors on strong earthquake activity. This great event with Ms = 8.1 took place probably due to a gradual strengthening background of regional stress field within the Qinghai-Xizang block in the period of acceleration of change of day‘s length and stress triggering from the Mani earthquake.  相似文献