重庆北碚和平水库剖面下侏罗统大安寨段湖相碳酸盐岩岩石类型及沉积环境   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

施开兰  陈芳文  段卓  罗思聪苏成鹏  马腾  唐浩  谭秀成 《古地理学报》2015,17(2):198-212

四川盆地下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段一直是四川盆地致密油勘探的重要层位之一。针对该层位的研究已逾半个世纪,但岩石类型分类粗略、沉积环境及储集岩类型认识不清等问题是导致该层段致密油勘探未获重大突破的重要原因。鉴于此,笔者等开展了对四川盆地东部重庆北碚和平水库剖面下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段湖相碳酸盐岩岩石类型及沉积环境的研究。研究发现,该剖面大安寨段为湖相碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩的混合沉积,由5大类岩石组成,可细分为14种岩石类型。碳酸盐岩厚度占剖面总厚度的60％以上,以泥晶灰岩为主,介壳灰岩和介屑灰岩次之;在纵向上形成了4个较为典型的向上变浅沉积序列。根据各岩石类型宏观、微观沉积特征及岩石纵向组合形式,进一步分析了各岩石类型的沉积环境,结果表明,北碚地区下侏罗统大安寨段沉积时期为滨、浅湖环境,以低能碳酸盐沉积为主;高能与较低能环境成因的介壳滩并非碳酸盐沉积的主体。湖泊进入碳酸盐沉积阶段和钙质骨壳生物的大量繁育是大安寨期湖相碳酸盐岩形成的主要原因。结晶介屑灰岩和泥晶白云岩可能是川东地区致密油的储集岩类,在今后的勘探中,应提高对滨浅湖环境、易受大气淡水改造的岩石类型的重视程度。  相似文献   

差动输出型力平衡加速度传感器设计与噪声测试     

李彩华  李小军  滕云田 《地震地磁观测与研究》2014,(1):219-223

改进力平衡加速度传感器的机械设计和电路设计,使其幅频特性、动态范围、噪声等性能具有较大提升,且稳定性较好。该产品的实际测试结果证明其动态范围达到130 dB,能够满足强震动监测需求。  相似文献   

所罗门群岛及周边海域M≥7.4级地震时空对称性分析     

王鹏涛  延军平  蒋冲  王腾  万佳 《高原地震》2014,26(3)

对重大自然灾害趋势判断的时空对称分析方法进行总结,利用该方法研究了所罗门群岛俯冲带强震的时空变化特征,对该区的未来强震做出趋势判断。结果表明:1强震活动与区域地质活动关系密切,历史强震均发生在俯冲带一侧。2强震活动在时间分布上具有可公度性。所罗门群岛地区在2015年发生7.4级以上地震的信号较强,蝴蝶结构图表明2015年发生M≥7.4级强震的概率为46.7%,不漏报水平43.75%。3在空间分布上,强震震中呈东西对称跃移,且具有沿板块边界运动的特点。震中跃移具有规律的经纬对称性和经纬同步性,在经度上以160°E为对称轴摆动,在纬度上以10°S为对称轴上下摆动。根据震中跃移的空间对称和最小作用量原理判断,下一次地震的震中位置在纬度上可能逼近9.5°S以北位置,在经度上可能逼近160°E以西的位置。  相似文献   

Control of differential tectonic evolution on petroleum occurrence in Bohai Bay Basin     

TENG ChangYu  ZOU HuaYao  HAO Fang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(5):1117-1128

The Bohai Bay Basin(BBB)is the most petroliferous Cenozoic basin in the east of China.It consists of seven depressions.Each depression has been subjected to different stress states and then has experienced varying faulting processes since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism(from the Pliocene to the present).On the basis of the investigation of fault patterns,fault densities and fault activity rates(FARs)for each depression,this paper demonstrates the discrepancy of faulting development and evolution across the BBB.The dynamic mechanism for the differences in faulting is also discussed by the analysis of the regional stress state.The Bozhong Depression is just situated in the transtensional zone induced by the two active strike-slip faults,namely Yingkou-Weifang and Beijing-Penglai.In this depression,the major faults which cut through the Paleogene or the Cenozoic have had higher than 10 m/Ma FARs since the Neogene,and the highest FARs have reached or exceeded 25 m/Ma during the Neotectonism.As a result,most of the petroleum has migrated along these major faults and accumulated within the Neogene.In contrast,in the other depressions of the BBB away from the Bozhong Depression,the FARs of the major faults were decreased to lower than 10 m/Ma since the Neogene,and tended to be zero during the Neotectonism.Therefore,the major faults could not serve as vertical conduits for petroleum migration,and the petroleum was entrapped in the Paleogene.Consequently,the faulting since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism,controlled the petroleum richness in vertical strata.  相似文献   

基于拟准检定的实时单站GPS提取同震速度的改进算法研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘腾  欧吉坤  袁运斌 《地球物理学报》2014,57(8):2507-2517

提出了一种基于拟准检定的实时单站GPS载波相位观测数据历元间差分提取同震速度的改进算法.改进算法将实时高频历元差分数据质量控制作为同震速度准确提取的重要保障,对原始高频数据中的小周跳和粗差十分敏感,且能够有效地估计小周跳和粗差,从而抵抗它们对同震速度估计的不良影响;另外,改进算法还简化了数据处理流程,也使得利用广播星历单站提取同震速度、监测地震形变的算法更为稳健.选取了2011年3月11日日本大地震距离震中140 km的MIZU站1 Hz高频GPS观测数据和广播星历来测试改进算法.结果表明：拟准检定法具有更好的小周跳与粗差自动定位和估计性能,改进算法利用广播星历求得的同震速度与事后动态精密单点定位结果表现出很好的一致性.  相似文献   

Modeling soil erosion using a spatially distributed model in a karst catchment of northwest Guangxi,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

Teng Feng  Hongsong Chen  Kelin Wang  Wei Zhang  Xiangkun Qi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(15):2121-2130

Reliable assessment of the spatial distribution of soil erosion is important for making land management decisions, but it has not been thoroughly evaluated in karst geo‐environments. The objective of this study was to modify a physically based, spatially distributed erosion model, the revised Morgan, Morgan and Finney (RMMF) model, to estimate the superficial (as opposed to subsurface creep) soil erosion rates and their spatial patterns in a 1022 ha karst catchment in northwest Guangxi, China. Model parameters were calculated using local data in a raster geographic information system (GIS) framework. The cumulative runoff on each grid cell, as an input to the RMMF model for erosion computations, was computed using a combined flow algorithm that allowed for flow into multiple cells with a transfer grid considering infiltration and runoff seepage to the subsurface. The predicted spatial distributions of soil erosion rates were analyzed relative to land uses and slope zones. Results showed that the simulated effective runoff and annual soil erosion rates of hillslopes agreed well with the field observations and previous quantified redistribution rates with caesium‐137 (¹³⁷Cs). The estimated average effective runoff and annual erosion rate on hillslopes of the study catchment were 18 mm and 0.27 Mg ha^?1 yr^?1 during 2006–2007. Human disturbances played an important role in accelerating soil erosion rates with the average values ranged from 0.1 to 3.02 Mg ha^?1 yr^?1 for different land uses. The study indicated that the modified model was effective to predict superficial soil erosion rates in karst regions and the spatial distribution results could provide useful information for developing local soil and water conservation plans. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

广东省地震前兆台网中心(ADP系统)的构成和功能     

王莉娅  黄腾  李梅芳 《地震地磁观测与研究》2004,25(2):44-49

介绍了广东省ADP数字地震前兆综合观测台网中心系统的构成、功能以及运行情况。  相似文献   

Relationship between the transition frequency of local fluid flow and the peak frequency of attenuation     

Cheng-Hao Cao  Hong-Bing Zhang  Yi-Xin Pan  Xin-Bao Teng 《应用地球物理》2016,13(1):156-165

Local fluid flow (LFF) at the mesoscopic scale is the main dissipation mechanism of seismic waves in heterogeneous porous media within the seismic frequency band. LFF is easily influenced by the structure and boundary conditions of the porous media, which leads to different behaviors of the peak frequency of attenuation. The associated transition frequency can provide detailed information about the trend of LFF; therefore, research on the transition frequency of LFF and its relationship with the peak frequency of the corresponding attenuation (i.e., inverse of quality factor) facilitates the detailed understanding of the effect of inner structures and boundary conditions in porous media. In this study, we firstly obtain the transition frequency of fluid flux based on Biot’s theory of poroelasticity and the fast Fourier transform algorithm in a sample containing one repeating unit cell (RUC). We then analyze changes of these two frequencies in porous media with different porous properties. Finally, we extend our analysis to the influence of the undrained boundary condition on the transition frequency and peak frequency in porous media with multiple RUCs. This setup can facilitate the understanding of the effect from the undrained boundary condition. Results demonstrate that these two frequencies have the same trend at low water saturation, but amplitude variations differ between the frequencies as the amount of saturation increases. However, for cases of high water saturation, both the trend and the amplitude variation of these two frequencies fit well with each other.  相似文献   

盆地异常低压系统处置油田污水可行性     

喻鹏  马腾  唐仲华  周炜 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(1):211-219

松辽盆地十屋断陷区油气分布复杂,勘探程度高,油田外排污水规模巨大,常规技术处理污水效果不理想。区内4 km以下部分地层呈负压态,若容储介质参数达到相应地质填埋标准,则可在工程实践中尝试应用。结合该区水文及地质资料,建立地下水流及污水污染物迁移数值模拟模型,模拟研究区低压系统入注污水时地下水流动特征及污染物的迁移规律,同时估算了系统空间污水容储量。在预测过程中,分析了断陷区负压形成机制及分布特点,同时结合虚拟粒子示踪及注水过程,对污水的环境影响度进行了预测。研究结果表明,十屋断陷异常低压区是一个天然污水封闭储藏区,系统地层压力梯度仅为0.005~0.008 MPa/m,容储量高达1.241×10⁸ m³,且污染物逃逸概率极小,非常适合油田污水的处置。  相似文献   

2℃温升目标下排放空间及路径的不确定性分析     

滕飞 何建坤高云  董文杰 《气候变化研究进展》2013,9(6):414-420

国际社会已就2℃温升目标达成政治共识。将温升目标向累积排放及各国减排目标转换的过程需要基于一致的科学认知。但由于目前地球系统模式、减排路径及减排方案的研究仍然存在不确定性,缺乏建立政治共识所需的科学基础。通过谈判形成一个自上而下的国际气候制度的决策基础尚不具备。目前最有效和务实的方案仍是各国自下而上加大减排力度,并不断进行评估,促进各国持续加强减排力度,最终公平地承担减排义务。  相似文献