Hazard degree identification and coupling analysis of the influencing factors on goafs     

Hai-ping Xiao  Guang-li Guo  Wei Liu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(3):68

In China, there are a large number of mined-out area which bring a great hidden danger to the mine enterprise’s safety production and people’s life and property. Therefore, the stability evaluation and the mechanism analysis of goafs have become a hot issue in the study on sustainable development of mining industry. To solve the complexity, concealment, and uncertainty of goaf influencing factors, 14 factors, i.e., rock mass structure, goaf span, exposed area, and so on, were selected as the evaluation indexes according to an iron ore. Then, the hazard evaluation model of goaf was established by using the information entropy and the unascertained measurement (UM) theory to identify the hazard degree, and the hazard importance degree index was put forward by changing the influencing factors and its index value to quantitatively analyze the coupling degree of influencing factors. This paper takes the BFZ-8 goaf as an example to evaluate and analyze the goaf stability. The results show that the evaluation model about UM and the experimental schemes are feasible and practicability, and the UM evaluation grades are consistent with the fuzzy evaluation grades and the actual risk grades in the case of multi-factor coupling. And the experimental results quantitatively reflect the coupling degree of the influencing factors by comparing the relative change rate of the importance degree, and the coupling results are consistent with the actual situation. So, the method can guide the production safety of mine, protect life and property safety of miners, and provide technical support and a new method for hazard degree identification of the goaf.  相似文献   

Full probabilistic design of slopes in spatially variable soils using simplified reliability analysis method     

Te Xiao  Zi-Jun Cao  Xiao-Song Tang 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2017,11(1):146-159

ABSTRACT

A simplified reliability analysis method is proposed for efficient full probabilistic design of soil slopes in spatially variable soils. The soil slope is viewed as a series system comprised of numerous potential slip surfaces and the spatial variability of soil properties is modelled by the spatial averaging technique along potential slip surfaces. The proposed approach not only provides sufficiently accurate reliability estimates of slope stability, but also significantly improves the computational efficiency of soil slope design in comparison with simulation-based full probabilistic design. It is found that the spatial variability has considerable effects on the optimal slope design.  相似文献   

Research on the fault controlling mechanism of geothermal water in Zhangzhou Basin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

GAN Hao-nan  LIN Wen-jing  YUE Gao-fan  WANG Xiao  MA Feng  WANG Gui-ling 《地下水科学与工程》2017,5(4):326-335

Fault has an important influence on the storage and movement of geothermal water. The Zhangzhou Basin is wholly located in a granodiorite rock mass. Due to the low permeability of granodiorite, faulted structure has an evident control action on the hydrothermal activity of geothermal fields. Hot springs in Zhangzhou Basin crack along Pingtan-Dongshan Fault to the northeastern direction and emerge along Fu’an-Nanjing Fault. Through measurement of the temperature of several hot springs in the Basin, we found the temperature along the northwestern direction of Zhangzhou-Tianbao Fault is high and the temperature gap between the two sides of Yangxi-Yuanshan Fault is huge; the estimation of geothermal reservoir temperature of geothermal water through quartz geothermometer indicates that the geothermal reservoir temperature of the northern area of Nanjing-Xiamen Fault is obviously higher than that of southern area. Such result indicates that Fault obviously obstructs underground heat source. Under the condition that the average geothermal gradient of the Zhangzhou Basin is set, the circulation depth of the geothermal water of the Zhangzhou Basin measured by geothermal reservoir temperature is 3 550-5 200 m and the circulation depth of the geothermal water of the north of Nanjing-Xiamen Fault is deeper than that of the South.  相似文献   

1979—2014年全球变暖背景下青藏高原气候变化特征     

段安民  肖志祥  吴国雄 《气候变化研究进展》2016,12(5):374-381

近几十年来全球变暖受到越来越广泛的关注,然而全球变暖从1998年开始趋缓,但青藏高原却呈现加速增暖的趋势。本文基于前人研究,系统回顾了青藏高原气温、积雪、降水和大气热源等四方面在全球变暖背景下的变化,指出高原的加速增温导致了积雪迅速融化,降水明显增多的同时,高原热源却呈现减弱趋势。  相似文献   

基于宽范围岩石物性约束的大地电磁和地震联合反演          下载免费PDF全文

陈晓  于鹏  邓居智  张磊  葛坤朋  王彦国 《地球物理学报》2016,59(12):4690-4700

岩石物性约束是地球物理联合反演重要的实现方式.在以往联合反演研究中,这种约束通常以点对点的映射方式出现,要求经验性的岩石物性关联是相对精确的,无形中提高了岩石物性约束应用于联合反演的条件.基于此,本文结合全局寻优的模拟退火算法,提出了宽范围岩石物性约束技术.该技术将岩石物性约束与模拟退火模型扰动、模型接受准则相结合,实现了空间对空间的映射,将电阻率和速度耦合在一起.文章以MT和地震正则化同步联合反演为例,检验了不同的先验信息条件下的宽范围岩石物性约束技术的适用性.模型试验表明:新技术容易实现,容错性高,可降低"不精确"岩石物性关联信息引入带来的风险,提高岩石物性约束应用的灵活性.  相似文献   

2.5D direct‐current resistivity forward modelling and inversion by finite‐element–infinite‐element coupled method          下载免费PDF全文

Yuan Yuan  Jianke Qiang  Jingtian Tang  Zhengyong Ren  Xiao Xiao 《Geophysical Prospecting》2016,64(3):767-779

To reduce the numerical errors arising from the improper enforcement of the artificial boundary conditions on the distant surface that encloses the underground part of the subsurface, we present a finite‐element–infinite‐element coupled method to significantly reduce the computation time and memory cost in the 2.5D direct‐current resistivity inversion. We first present the boundary value problem of the secondary potential. Then, a new type of infinite element is analysed and applied to replace the conventionally used mixed boundary condition on the distant boundary. In the internal domain, a standard finite‐element method is used to derive the final system of linear equations. With a novel shape function for infinite elements at the subsurface boundary, the final system matrix is sparse, symmetric, and independent of source electrodes. Through lower upper decomposition, the multi‐pole potentials can be swiftly obtained by simple back‐substitutions. We embed the newly developed forward solution to the inversion procedure. To compute the sensitivity matrix, we adopt the efficient adjoint equation approach to further reduce the computation cost. Finally, several synthetic examples are tested to show the efficiency of inversion.  相似文献   

上地壳纵横波速度结构相关反演成像方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王晓  周小鹏  张新彦  白志明  滕吉文 《地球物理学报》2015,58(10):3553-3570

基于纵横波初至走时数据的层析成像方法越来越广泛地被应用于揭示不同构造域壳幔速度结构特征.我们从同一地质体的纵横波速度属性相关这一基本思想出发,提出一种相关反演成像的方法:纵横波速度反演交替进行,在迭代反演过程中每通过一次反演获得相应的纵波速度(或横波速度)结构后,更新相应的纵横波速度比模型以及相应的横波(或纵波)速度反演的初始模型,然后继续开展后续横波(或纵波)速度反演工作.在反演过程中依据纵横波速度的相关性信息和射线路径长度将走时残差以不同权重分配到射线路径经过的单元,依据网格节点周围平均的慢度扰动更新速度模型.正反演过程分别基于有限差分走时计算方法和反投影成像方法.两种典型模型试验表明,该技术应用于上地壳速度结构反演成像过程,可有效提高反演结果的可靠性,在很大程度上避免了常规单独反演纵波和横波速度过程容易带来的畸变和失真.该方法应用于重建青藏高原西部札达—泉水沟深地震测深(DSS)剖面下方的上地壳速度结构,揭示出与青藏高原西缘板块碰撞相关的上地壳速度结构特征.  相似文献   

长江中下游成矿带中段岩石圈电性结构研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王显莹  汤井田  张林成  薛帅  潘伟  周聪  肖晓  任政勇  吕庆田 《地球物理学报》2015,58(12):4403-4414

长江中下游成矿带位于大别造山带、长江中下游凹陷、江南隆起带等大地构造单元结合部位,通过在研究区内布设两条首尾相接共计150km长的大地电磁剖面,获得了50km以浅岩石圈尺度的电性分布.长江中下游地区中段地下电性结构显示出在地下10km和30km处分别存在明显的圈层结构,以此认为现今横向稳定的"电莫霍"反映了研究区经历燕山期陆内构造-岩浆活动后已基本上完成壳幔重新平衡;而分隔大地构造单元的郯庐断裂带、长江断裂带以及江南断裂带在电性上具有特征的梯度显现,在印支造山期后的引张背景下,断裂带成为强伸展活动带与控制了燕山期大范围的陆内岩浆活动;高导地幔的局域性存在以及从北向南地幔导电性的变化反映了在经受深部动力学过程中处于不同大地构造部位的地幔所遭受的不同类型的改造以及地幔深部的构造极性.  相似文献   

浅部频率域电磁勘探方法综述   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

汤井田  任政勇  周聪  张林成  原源  肖晓 《地球物理学报》2015,58(8):2681-2705

适用于近地表(2000m以内)勘探的频率域电磁法主要有音频大地电磁法(audio-frequency magnetotellurics,AMT),无线电大地电磁法(radio-magnetotellurics,RMT),可控源音频大地电磁法(controlled source audiofrequency magnetotellurics,CSAMT),广域电磁法(Wide Field Electromagnetic Method,WFEM).本文拟从最新的数据采集技术、数据处理技术、正反演算法、实例等四个方面,论述适用于浅部勘探的AMT,RMT,CSAMT和WFEM方法的国内外最新进展,总结目前AMT,RMT,CSAMT和WFEM方法遇到的困难,对潜在的发展方向提出建议.综述表明:(1)张量测量、多站阵列、多站叠加可提高AMT、RMT和CSAMT数据的质量.利用近区数据WFEM法可获得良好的效果.国产与国外仪器在质量方面的差距正在逐步缩小.(2)数学形态滤波技术、Hilbert-Huang变换等可有效分离出有用的数据,局部畸变仍然是亟待解决的难题,需要更为深入的研究.(3)矢量有限元与非结构网格的出现大幅度提高了有限元处理复杂电磁问题模拟的精度与应用范围,成为目前电磁正演的首选工具.完全非线性反演算法仍然局限于1D、2D问题,共轭梯度法和高斯牛顿算法等为解决3D问题的发展趋势.地质约束的引入和多数据联合反演可以减小反演的非唯一性.各向异性的反演为目前反演研究的热点之一.(4)野外数据解释的正确性严重依赖于对地下结构先期的维性判别,在2D特性不明显、3D特性明显时,需要采用3D进行反演解释.  相似文献   

Time–Space Decoupled Explicit Method for Fast Numerical Simulation of Tsunami Propagation     

Anxin Guo  Shengchao Xiao  Hui Li 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(2):569-587

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