北京山区农业气候资源系统的模糊综合评判   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田志会  郭文利  赵新平  王志华  郑大玮 《山地学报》2005,23(4):507-512

为了定量分析北京山区农业气候资源,利用山区1 km^2小网格的气候资料,应用农业气候适宜度理论、模糊数学和因子分析等方法,通过5项农业气候指标与山区栽培植物生长发育条件之间隶属函数的建立及其权重的确定,分别计算山区各网格点的农业气候资源指数、效能指数和利用系数,并在GIS的支持下建立了它们的栅格图.结果表明：北京山区以平谷、密云、怀柔南部等东北部地区的农业气候资源系统较为优良,无论是气候资源总量还是其匹配状况以及利用率都是本地区最高的;与之相反,西北部和海拔较高的山区,不仅农业气候资源总量贫乏,而且光、热、水资源的匹配程度较差,导致农作物对资源的利用率较低;此外,房山东南部和昌平南部等地区气候资源总量较为丰富,但受水资源的限制,光、热、水资源的匹配程度较差,致使当地气候资源利用率较低.  相似文献   

THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION OF STABLE ISOTOPES IN PRECIPITATION ON THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS ADJACENT REGIONS^*          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Xinping  YAO Tandong  QIN Dahe 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2003,17(1):14-27

The temporal and spatial variation on the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation and the relationship with temperature,precipitation and vapor sources are analyzed for the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions.There is no temperature effect in the southern Tibetan Plateau and South Asia.Amount effect has been observed at a few sampling stations that account for about a half of the statistical stations.However,the seasonal variations on the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation at those stations are inconsistent with that of precipitation intensity.There is notable temperature effect in the middle and northern Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent Northwest China.It has been observed that the seasonal variations of the δ¹⁸O in precipitation are almost consistent with those of air temperature in these regions.Because vapor is directly originated from lowlatitude oceans,the relative heavy δ¹⁸O with small variation characterizes the rainfall in South Asia.A sharp depletion of the stable isotopic compositions in precipitation takes place from Kyangjin on the southern slop of the Himalayas to the Tanggula Mountains in the middle Plateau.The δ¹⁸O reaches minimum due to very strong rainout of the vapor from oceans as the vapor rises over the Himalayas.From the Tanggula Mountains to the northern Tibetan Plateau,the δ¹⁸O in precipitation increases with increasing latitude and the is otopic situation in the northern Plateau istransferred into Northwest China with little disruption.  相似文献   

降尺度方法中初始资料处理的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

芦新平  陈星  苗曼倩  季劲钧 《气象科学》2002,22(2):139-148

从 GCM模式预测结果获取区域尺度特征的气候变化的统计方法被称为 Downscaling方法 ,它主要是通过区域气候尺度的预报量与 GCM模式输出或大尺度地面观测资料建立统计模式。在建立模式之初 ,研究各种尺度资料的匹配是至关重要的问题。本文在不同的站点数量、区域网格分辨率和差值影响半径的条件下 ,对资料处理方法的可行性和结果的可靠性作了分析探讨。结果说明 :一个大尺度网格箱内用 2 0个站点资料代替 4 0个站点的资料是可行的 ,并且确定了最佳插值方案 :当次网格分辨率取 1°× 1°时 ,插值影响半径应取 1;当次网格分辨率取 0 .5°× 0 .5°时 ,插值影响半径应取为 2。本文还对温度场、降水场及其对应的 EOF场进行了比较试验 ;并做了温度场、降水场与同步海平面气压场 (SL P)的单点线性相关分析  相似文献   

滇西北红山晚白垩世花岗斑岩型Cu-Mo成矿系统及其大地构造学意义   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

徐兴旺  蔡新平  屈文俊  宋保昌  秦克章  张宝林 《地质学报》2006,80(9):1422-1433

红山铜多金属矿床位于滇西北中甸红山一带,其一直被认为是印支期夕卡岩型矿床。新的研究结果表明红山矿区存在两个成矿系统:1与印支期石英二长斑岩有关的夕卡岩型铜多金属成矿系统,其典型矿床是与石榴子石夕卡岩伴生的含铜磁铁矿体与磁黄铁矿体;2与花岗斑岩有关的斑岩型Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn成矿系统,其包括地表喷溢沉积成因的含铁钙硅质岩、可能为流体通道相的Cu-Mo多金属石英网脉与大脉、充填于岩溶洞穴中的层状Pb-Zn矿体、花岗斑岩内部的浸染状Cu-Mo矿化、及岩体外接触带夕卡岩型多金属矿床。含矿石英脉6个辉钼矿样品Re-Os模式年龄介于75.46~78.46Ma之间,等时线年龄为77Ma,红山矿区花岗斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床形成时代为晚白垩世。红山矿区晚白垩世花岗斑岩及其伴生斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床和大规模流体活动是滇西地区晚白垩世区域构造-流体-成矿体系的一部分,其形成与印度—亚洲大陆碰撞有关,据此可推断印度—亚洲大陆的碰撞作用及其伴生的大规模成矿作用在77Ma就已开始。红山矿区晚白垩世斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床成矿系统的厘定对于斑岩型矿床成矿流体结构模型和区域成矿与构造学的研究具重要的启示意义。  相似文献   

相位解析有旋数值模拟在近海近岸非静压海浪荷载计算和风险分布评估上的应用          下载免费PDF全文

张尧  陈新平  石先武  王宇星  国志兴  林雨霏  石晓勇  谭骏  刘钦政 《海洋开发与管理》2016,33(Z2):79-87,104

区域尺度精细化水动力数值模拟是解决大量工程、地质、环境等问题的重要手段。水动力荷载的直接冲击是近海近岸结构物、设施破坏的主要动力因素。本文章旨在介绍Boussinesq-GreenNaghdi有旋非静压水动力模型及其在区域尺度灾害性海浪的非静压水动力荷载分析和风险分布评价上的应用。这套模型利用了Boussinesq量纲和Green-Naghdi加权积分的结构。速度和压力被用多项式假设来表达和非线性重排法的应用,有效地提高了模型性能,避免了无旋假设的使用,更好地模拟计算了右旋流速和非静态压力场等复杂水动力参数。模拟重现美国和菲律宾沿海台风浪过程,深入分析非静压海浪荷载作用机理,计算海浪荷载的时空分布,与巨石迁移和结构物损坏的调查数据进行对比验证,构建海浪荷载与区域结构物破坏程度分布的相关性,量化各项影响要素如流速、浪高、结构物特征等的风险权重,通过回归分析法推导基于多影响要素的区域海浪风险参数化定量评价方法。为非静压相位解析有旋水动力理论和海浪灾害机理的科学探索提供原创性基础。为沿海人类活动、区域规划、工程设计、防灾减灾等提供科学指导。  相似文献   

Research on heavy metals in Ruditapes philippinarum and soda industry wastes     

Zhu Xiaobin  Xu Weihai  Wang Xinting  Huang Xinping  Deng Liping  Kang Xinglun  Jiang Zhigang  Ma Xuli 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(1):39-42

Heavy metals pollution in Jiaozhou Bay was studied inRuditapes. philippinarum, a bioindicator of seawater pollution. Heavy metals in soda industry wastes “white mud” were also studied. Comparison of microwave digestion method with general digestion method revealed that microwave digestion is superior to general digestion in precision, recovery, digestion speed and efficiency, etc. Cd concentration in HongdaoR. philippinarum samples exceeded the national standard by 0.046 mg/kg, that of Yinghai sample by 0.02 mg/kg, and that of Hongshiya sample by 0.22 mg/kg. Sample Pb concentration in Hongshiya was found to exceed the national standard by 0.02 mg/kg. However the heavy metals concentration inR. philippinarum near the Qingdao Alkaline Factory was complied with the standard. This was proved byPenaeus chinensis culture experiment. Therefore, the possible contamination source may come from other land areas. This study is supported by Project 973 (NO.2002CB 412402), and key project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant NO.KJCX315W-215).  相似文献   

Fluids double-fracturing genetic mechanism and mineralization of gold-copper of the breccia pipe at Qibaoshan in Shandong Province   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

XU Xingwang  CAI Xinping  QIN Dajun  WANG Jie  LIANG Guanghe  Zhang Xiaoyun  LIU Lijin 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2000,43(2):113-121

After studying the characteristics and special texture of the fluidogenous tectonics, mineral assemblage in the cemented vein between breccia and their special distribution, and stress analyzing the joint structures in and around the breccia pipe, it is found that the observed phenomena are caused by a new tectonic dynamic mechanics of fluid—double-fracturing caused by temperature and pressure of fluids and pulsating expansion. Under the actions of thermal stress and the pressure of fluids, thermal cracks and joints that developed along parts of the thermal cracks formed systematically in the rocks. Under these conditions, up-arching fracture zones that pulsatively expanded upward and cylindrical pressing breccia body were formed. Rocks at the peak of the pyramidal fractures zone break down instantly. Where the difference between pressure of fluids and the overburden pressure exceeded greatly the competence of the rocks, fluid junctions occurred and the velocity of the fluid flow increased as a result. Explosive body expanded upward in the shape of an inverse cone, cone-like explosive breccia body and cover-like shattering breccia body located on the upper part of the breccia pipe were ultimately formed. Gold-rich fluids were enriched and mineralized near the boiling surface in the lower part of the inverse cone-like explosive breccia body where temperature and pressure decreased rapidly, while copper-rich fluids were enriched and mineralized in the junction area where temperature and pressure were relatively high.  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐河流域不同水体中的氧稳定同位素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

章新平  姚檀栋  刘晶淼 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):438-446

The variations of the stable oxygen isotope in different water mediums in Urumqi River Basin, China, are analyzed. The stable oxygen isotope in precipitation has marked temperature effect either under synoptic or seasonal scale at the head of Urumqi River. The linear regression equations of δ^18O against temperature are δ^18O=-0.94T-12.38 and δ^18O=1.29T-13.05 under the two time scales, respectively. The relatively large δ^18O/temperature slopes show the strong sensitivity of δ^18O in precipitation to temperature variation at the head of Urumqi River. According to the analyses on the δ^18O in precipitation sampled at three stations with different altitudes along Urumqi River, altitude effect is notable in the drainage basin. The δ^18O/altitude gradients have distinct differences: the gradient from Urumqi to Yuejinqiao is merely -0.054‰/hm, but -0.192‰/hm from Yuejinqiao to Daxigou, almost increasing by 2.6 times over the former. No altitude effect is found in surface firn the east branch of Glacier No. 1 at the head of Urumqi River, showing that precipitation in the glacier is from the cloud cluster with the same condensation level. Influenced by strong ablation and evaporation, the δ^18O in surface firn increases with increasing altitude sometimes. Survey has found that the δ^18O in meltwater at the terminus of Glacier No. 1 and in stream water at Total Control have the similar change trend with the former all smaller than the latter, which displays the different runoff recharges, and all mirror the regime of temperature in the same term basicallv.  相似文献   

气候变化下水资源脆弱性的适应性管理新认识   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

夏军  石卫  雒新萍  洪思  宁理科  Christopher J Gippel 《水科学进展》2015,26(2):279-286

气候变化下的水资源脆弱性和适应性管理研究成为全球和国家应对气候变化和保障水资源安全重点关注的问题,也是中国可持续发展面对的重大战略问题。介绍了水资源脆弱性和适应性管理的国内外最新研究进展;针对国家重大需求和国际科学前沿问题,综述了气候变化下水资源脆弱性和适应性管理存在的问题与挑战。提出了气候变化下水资源脆弱性与适应性管理理论与方法研究以应对气候变化的无悔为准则,与社会经济可持续发展、成本效益分析、利益相关者的多信息源的分析与综合决策相结合为原则,对适应性管理与脆弱性组成的互联互动系统及其风险与不确定性进行分析的新认识。  相似文献   

首都机场雷暴大风的初步研究     

何志强  卢新平  王丙兰 《气象》2014,40(11):1408-1413

雷暴大风是航空飞行的主要威胁之一。气象预报员预报雷暴引发的突如其来的短时强阵风难度较大。文章把McCann提出的WINDEX经验方程应用在首都机场地区,利用2006—2010年54511台站的探空资料计算经验指数WINDEX,并与首都机场地区雷暴引发的强阵风进行了对比分析。建立了雷暴强阵风的预报工作程序。  相似文献