Characteristics of phosphate adsorption onto granulated coal ash in seawater   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Satoshi Asaoka  Tamiji Yamamoto 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1188-1192

The deterioration of sediments is a serious environmental problem. Controlling nutrient release fluxes from sediments is important to alleviating eutrophication and to reducing terrigenous nutrient loads. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phosphate removal performance of granulated coal ash (GCA) from seawater, which is produced from coal thermal electric power generation. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the removal kinetics of phosphate from seawater under both oxic and anoxic conditions. Phosphate was removed well from seawater under both oxic and anoxic conditions. The adsorption isotherm for phosphate revealed that GCA could remove phosphate effectively from seawater above a concentration of 1.7 μmol L⁻¹. GCA can reduce the concentration of phosphate in seawater effectively under anoxic conditions where iron type adsorbents cannot be applied. Therefore, GCA could potentially be used to adsorb phosphate in the organically-enriched sediment, which generally occurs under highly reductive conditions.  相似文献   

A 60-year record of rainfall from the sediments of Jinheung Pond,Jeongeup, Korea     

Wook-Hyun Nahm  Gyoo Ho Lee  Dong-Yoon Yang  Ju-Yong Kim  Kenji Kashiwaya  Masayoshi Yamamoto  Aya Sakaguchi 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2010,43(3):489-498

This paper describes mean grain-size data from the ¹³⁷Cs- and ²¹⁰Pb-dated sediment core BS-3 (33-cm long) recovered from Jinheung Pond, located in the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula. Grain-size analysis of the Jinheung Pond sediments shows a clear signal for changes in annual precipitation over the past 60 years. Instrumental records of annual precipitation (AP) and the annual summation of the precipitation of >50 mm per day (AP50), which reflects the energy available for sediment transport, correlate well with the mean grain-size distributions measured in the core. The most plausible mechanism for this response in mean grain size is variations in the annual amount and intensity of precipitation. Heavy precipitation enhances soil erosion over the catchment area and increases the transport capacity of streams and rivers. Thus, coarser mean grain size should reflect higher precipitation, and smaller mean grain size should reflect lower rainfall. In the data from core BS-3, however, grain-size peaks attributed to increased annual precipitation are not prominent. This is because a dam prevents removal of fine particles from the pond via the outflow. Therefore, the mean grain-size value represents somewhat larger sediments together with fine clays. The results of this study show that sediments of dammed lakes and ponds are well suited for high-resolution environmental investigations, especially for records of changes in precipitation over time.  相似文献   

Thematic Section: Fluid-rock interaction in the bottom of the inland seismogenic zone
Preface     

Masaru  Terabayashi  Kazuaki  Okamoto  Hiroshi  Yamamoto  Yu-Chang  Chan 《Island Arc》2010,19(1):1-3

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Interannual and synoptic-scale features of two types of cold-air outbreaks over the East China Sea during 1988�C2006     

Kae Kuriyama  Masaru Yamamoto 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2011,103(3-4):291-304

For the 1988?C2006 cold seasons, we investigated the characteristic structures of two types of cold-air outbreaks over the East China Sea: Type N, for which a thick layer of northerly meridional wind was formed during the cold-air outbreak; and Type S, for which an initially thin layer of northerly meridional wind was gradually thickened as the cold-air outbreak developed. The emergence frequencies of Type N and Type S outbreaks are sensitive to winter monsoon intensity at the 500-hectopascal (hPa) level. Type S outbreaks are dominant during strong El Ni?o events, leading to enhanced southerly meridional flow at 500?hPa over the East China Sea. The development of the 500-hPa Pacific High strongly influences the synoptic-scale structures of the two different types of outbreaks over the East China Sea.  相似文献   

Bioaccumulation of nitroarenes in bivalves at Osaka Bay, Japan     

Uno S  Tanaka H  Miki S  Kokushi E  Ito K  Yamamoto M  Koyama J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,63(5-12):477-481

This paper reports for the first time the detection and occurrence of nitroarenes (NPAHs) in marine organisms. Mussels and oysters collected from Osaka Bay, Japan, had total NPAHs concentrations that ranged from 2380 to 24,688 pg/g dry and 2672 to 25,961 pg/g dry, respectively. Relatively higher concentrations were detected in sampling sites located near the central district and suburbs of Osaka City implying that the most probable sources of NPAHs in the two bivalves are exhaust gases and smokes emitted by automobiles and industrial plants. Bivalves had relatively higher residues of 1-nitronaphthalene, 2-nitronaphthalene, 3-nitrophenanthrene, and 9-nitrophenanthrenes. Residues of 2-nitrofluorene, 1-nitropyrene, 4-nitropyrenes, and 6-nitrochrysene were much lower compared to nitronaphthalenes and nitrophenanthrenes. Inter-species differences was only observed for 2-nitronaphthalene with oysters exhibiting significantly higher residues than mussels.  相似文献   

Japan’s Nation-Wide Electronic Geotechnical Database Systems by Japanese Geotechnical Society     

Hiroaki Todo  Koji Yamamoto  Mamoru Mimura  Susumu Yasuda 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(3):941-963

On October 15, 2010, the Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS) announced the public release of ‘Nation-wide Electronic Geotechnical Database Systems,’ which provides geotechnical information to the public on the internet. The information the system provides is a collection of ground models at 250 m by 250 m in plan built by using data from various geotechnical information databases. The paper first describes historical development of the geotechnical information databases in Japan, and introduces a 5-year project, ‘Integrated Geophysical and Geological Information Database in Japan,’ led by the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), and participated by the JGS. The paper then presents the JGS’ ‘Nation-wide Electronic Geotechnical Database Systems,’ and describes why such system was proposed and built, followed by the presentation of the examples for possible application of the system.  相似文献   

Paleomagnetic and rock magnetic studies of the Sakurajima 1914 and 1946 andesitic lavas from Japan: A comparison of the LTD-DHT Shaw and Thellier paleointensity methods     

Yuhji Yamamoto  Hiroyuki Hoshi 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2008,167(1-2):118-143

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Geochemical analyses of geological layers and groundwater flows     

K. Mizumura  Y. Kumagait  H. Tsutsui  T. Nishimoto  T. Yamamoto 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(10):1147-1154

X-ray fluorescent spectroscope analysis easily finds ratios of geochemical elements in soil. Applying the method of ratio matching to measured ratios, the classification of geological layers, and the flow directions of groundwater can be determined. This method is applied to three hill slopes in Japan and the results are in good agreement with the observations and measurements of soil cores obtained by drilling. The classification of geological layers is found to be quantitatively connected with the rates of organic matter in soil cores. Received: 5 February 1999 · Accepted: 7 September 1999  相似文献   

Ore mineralogy and sulfur isotope study of the massive sulfide deposit of Filon Norte,Tharsis Mine,Spain     

K. Kase  M. Yamamoto  T. Nakamura  C. Mitsuno 《Mineralium Deposita》1990,25(4):289-296

The volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit of Filon Norte at Tharsis is hosted by carbonaceous black slate and connected only partly with stockwork veins. The massive ores are usually composed of fine-grained pyrite with subordinate amounts of sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena and arsenopyrite. Monoclinic pyrrhotite sometimes occurs in massive pyritic ores in the apparently middle and upper horizons of the orebody, and siderite-rich ores are interstratified with compact pyritic ores in the apparently lower horizons. From the occurrence of monoclinic pyrrhotite, together with the FeS contents of sphalerite mostly ranging from 11 to 16 mol %, it is inferred that the sulfide minerals of the massive orebody were precipitated in euxinic muds on the sea-floor at temperatures below 250°C. The negatively shifted, highly variable ³⁴S values of the massive ores and their close similarity to those of the underlying black slates strongly suggest that the sulfide sulfur of the massive orebody and the slates is cognate and biogenic.  相似文献   

Interstellar cyanomethane     

Turner BE  Friberg P  Irvine WM  Saito S  Yamamoto S 《The Astrophysical journal》1990,355(2):546-561

We have made an observational study of the newly identified cyanomethane radical CH2CN and the possibly related species CH3CN with the goals of (1) elucidating the possible role of reactions of the type CnHm(+) + N in astrochemistry, and (2) providing a possible test of Bates's models of dissociative electron recombination. We find a remarkably different abundance ratio CH2CN/CH3CN in TMC-1 and Sgr B2, which we deduce is a result of the large difference in temperature of these objects. Studies of CH2CN and CH3CN in other sources, including two new detections of CH2CN, support this conclusion and are consistent with a monotonic increase in the CH2CN/CH3CN ratio with decreasing temperature over the range 10-120 K. This behavior may be explained by the destruction of CH2CN by reaction with O. If this reaction does not proceed, then CH2CN and CH3CN are concluded to form via different chemical pathways. Thus, they do not provide a test of Bates's conjectures (they do not both form from CH3CNH+). CH2CN is then likely to form via C2H4(+) + N --> CH2CNH+, thus demonstrating the viability of this important reaction in astrochemistry. The T dependence of the CH2CN/CH3CN ratio would then reflect the increasing rate of the C2H4(+) + N reaction with decreasing temperature.  相似文献