Dynamic stress concentration of an elliptical cavity in a semi-elliptical hill under SH-waves     

Qi Hui  Chu Fuqing  Guo Jing 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(2):347-359

The method of wave-function expansion in elliptical coordinates,elliptical cosine half-range expansion and Mathieu function were applied to obtain an exact analytical solution of the dynamic stress concentration factor(DSCF)around an elliptical cavity in a shallow,semi-elliptical hill.An infinite system of simultaneous linear equations for solving this problem was established by substituting the wave expression obtained by the Mathieu function including the standing wave expression of elliptical lining given herein into the boundary condition obtained by the region-matching method.The finite equations system with unknown coefficients obtained by truncation were solved numerically,and the results in the case of an ellipse degenerating into a circle were compared with previous results to verify the accuracy of the method.The effects of different aspect ratios,incident wave angles and aperture ratios on the dynamic stress concentration around the elliptical cavity were described.Some numerical results,when the elliptical hill was changed into a circular one,were analyzed and compared in detail.In engineering,this model can be regarded as a semi-cylindrical hill with an elliptical cylindrical unlined tunnel under the action of SH waves,and the results are significant in aseismic design.  相似文献   

回归分析在确定多金属硫化物矿石密度中的应用     

李昭升 《福建地质》2004,23(2):82-88

在研究多金属硫化物矿床的特点,分析以往矿床勘查中确定矿石密度值难点的基础上,通过建立矿石密度值与矿石各组分的多元线性回归数学模型,预测矿床的矿石密度值。  相似文献   

浙东地区晚中生代火山岩地球化学特征、岩石成因及构造环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

廖圣兵  陈荣  褚平利  曾剑威  张彦杰  王存智  黄文成 《地质科学》2019,54(2):504-528

中国东部中生代发生的大规模岩浆活动是地学界长期以来关注的课题之一。本文通过对浙东地区晚中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、主量、稀土及微量元素地球化学的研究,讨论其岩石成因及形成的构造环境。研究表明,大爽组底部火山岩年龄为155.2±1.4 Ma(MSWD=0.83),显示浙东地区晚中生代火山岩的形成时代并不限于白垩纪,火山喷发至少于晚侏罗世就已经开始;岩石总体属高钾钙碱性系列,少量属钾玄岩系列;基性岩石、中性岩石与中酸性(酸性)岩之间不具有同源演化关系,基性岩石来源于富集地幔,并受到了不同程度的地壳混染,中性岩石可能来源于先存于下地壳深部的新元古代岛弧岩石,中酸性(酸性)岩石来源于地壳,中酸性岩浆与酸性岩浆之间存在演化关系;岩石总体形成于地壳幕式减薄环境,而其弧岩浆岩特征主要反映源岩属性。  相似文献   

Microbially induced calcite precipitation along a circular flow channel under a constant flow condition     

Wu  Chuangzhou  Chu  Jian  Wu  Shifan  Cheng  Liang  van Paassen  Leon A. 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(3):673-683

Biogrouting is a new ground improvement method that has been studied in recent years. This method involves mainly the use of a microbially induced calcite precipitation process to bind soil particles to increase the strength or to fill in the pores of soil or joints of rock for seepage control. There are two major challenges in the use of biogrout for seepage control through rock joints. The first is how to inject the biogrout solutions, and the second is to understand the mechanisms for the formation of calcite under seepage flow. In this paper, a study on the injection of biogrout solution and the formation of precipitates along a circular 1D flow channel is presented. To minimize the influence of flow, a new one-phase injection method to inject bacterial solution and cementation agents simultaneously was adopted in this study. Factors affecting the formation and distribution of precipitates along the flow channel such as flow velocity, flow rate, and aperture of flow channel were investigated. The experimental results indicated that less calcite was precipitated at locations further away from the injection point due to depletion of the reactants’ concentrations along the flow path. Using the one-phase injection method, the bacterial activity had a major effect on the accumulation of the calcite on the inner surface of the flow channel. The total calcite precipitated on the surface of the flow channel increased slightly with increasing bacterial activity or flow rate. An equation to predict the distance travelled by the biosolution has been derived based on the testing results.

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Effect of particle shape of glass beads on the strength and deformation of cemented sands     

Xiao  Yang  Yuan  Zhengxin  Lin  Jia  Ran  Jinyu  Dai  Beibing  Chu  Jian  Liu  Hanlong 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(6):2123-2131

Acta Geotechnica - Few studies have focused on the influence of particle shape on the mechanical properties of cemented sand. To address this lack of information, this study investigated the...  相似文献   

Rutile inclusions in garnet from a dissolution‐reprecipitation mechanism     

Shyh‐Lung Hwang  Pouyan Shen  Hao‐Tsu Chu  Tzen‐Fu Yui  Yoshiyuki Iizuka  Hans‐Peter Schertl 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2019,37(8):1079-1098

Metamorphic garnet commonly contains needle‐like rutile inclusions as well as equant rutile inclusions that surround quartz inclusions and range in size from submicrometer to nanometer. Although the origin of these equant rutile inclusions, that is, exsolution or non‐exsolution, has important implications for petrological and tectonic processes, the crystallographic characteristics of these inclusions have rarely been studied because of the small sizes and analytical difficulties involved. Here, we report the crystallographic characteristics pertinent to the genetic origin of minute equant rutile inclusions in cloudy, nearly spherically shaped garnet domains with Ti‐depleted compositions surrounding quartz inclusions in ultrahigh‐pressure garnet from several diamondiferous Erzgebirge quartzofeldspathic gneissic rock samples. TEM analyses show that the equant rutile crystals in cloudy garnet domains are partially bounded by the low‐energy {100}_rt ± {110}_rt ± {101}_rt facets and have rather random crystallographic orientation relationships (CORs) with the garnet host, with preferential alignment of low‐energy lattice planes, for example, {100}_rt//{112}_grt, for some rutile crystals. Although the rather random CORs are unlikely to be attributed to solid‐state exsolution subjected to the stringent topotactic garnet lattice constraints, the characteristic subhedral {100}_rt ± {110}_rt ± {101}_rt crystal forms of rutile can be rationalized by a metasomatic dissolution‐reprecipitation mechanism via a fluid phase. In this scenario, the quartz+fluid inclusions in garnet were first subjected to decompression microcracking during rock exhumation, followed by dissolution of Ti‐bearing garnet matrix at the crack tips or along the crack surfaces and subsequent reprecipitation of rutile, apatite, gahnite, akdalaite, and Ti‐depleted garnet. The rapid coalescence between rutile and garnet crystals in fluid or direct attachment of rutile crystals onto the dissolving crack surfaces would then yield the rather random CORs as reported here. These results, along with previous work on rutile needles, indicate rather diverse genesis of rutile inclusions in various crystal forms, thus shedding light on the controversial exsolution origin for other inclusion suite/microstructure in minerals.  相似文献   

High‐T and low‐P metamorphism in the Xilingol Complex of central Inner Mongolia,China: An indicator of extension in a previous orogeny          下载免费PDF全文

Jin‐Rui Zhang  Chun‐Jing Wei  H. Chu 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(4):393-417

The Xilingol Complex comprises biotite gneisses and amphibolite interlayers with extensive migmatization. Four representative samples were documented and found to record either two or three metamorphic stages. Phase modelling using thermocalc suggests that the observed assemblages represent the final stages that underwent cooling from temperature peaks, and are consistent with a fluid‐absent solidus in P–T pseudosections. Their P–T conditions are further constrained to be 5–6 kbar/680–725°C and 4–5 kbar/650–680°C for two garnet‐bearing gneiss samples, 4–5 kbar/660–730°C for a cordierite‐bearing gneiss sample, and 4–5 kbar/680–710°C for an amphibolite sample based on mineral composition isopleths, involving measured Mg content in biotite, anorthite in plagioclase, grossular and pyrope in garnet and Ti content in amphibole. The peak temperature conditions recovered are 760–790°C or >760°C at 5–6 kbar based on the composition isopleths of plagioclase, biotite, garnet and especially the comparison of melt contents between the calculated and observed. A pre‐peak heating process with slight decompression can be suggested for some samples on the basis of the core–rim increase in the plagioclase anorthite, and the stability of ilmenite. Zircon U–Pb dating using the LA‐ICP‐MS method provides systemic constraints on the metamorphic ages of the Xilingol Complex to be 348–305 Ma, interpreted to represent the post‐peak cooling stages. Moreover, metagabbroic dykes that intruded into the Xilingol Complex yield 317 ± 3 Ma from magmatic zircon, and are considered to have played a significant role for heat advection triggering the high‐T and low‐P metamorphism. Thus, the clockwise P–T paths involving pre‐peak heating, peak and post‐peak cooling recovered for the Xilingol Complex are consistent with an extensional setting in the Carboniferous that developed on a previous orogen in response to addition of mantle‐derived materials probably together with upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle.  相似文献   

南昌市厚田沙地蔓荆灌丛沙堆的形态与沉积特征     

李向洁  李志文  杜建会  张慧娟  詹江振  杜兰  孙丽  侯楚 《地理科学》2021,41(11):2042-2051

为探究亚热带湿润地区河湖周边发育的灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征,以南昌市厚田沙地为研究区,对其优势种蔓荆（Vitex trifolia）所形成的灌丛沙堆开展野外调查,通过对不同部位的沉积物进行采样与分析,研究沙堆形态、沉积特征及其与植被特性之间的关系。结果表明：蔓荆灌丛沙堆形态大多为盾形,水平尺度大,高度矮,坡度缓。沙堆沉积物以中沙为主,分选性较差,呈正偏和窄峰态分布,沙源来自附近平沙地和丘间地,为近源沉积。平均粒径从迎风坡底部至背风坡底部呈现为先变细后变粗的趋势,体现了灌丛沙堆的防风滞沙功能和对沙粒的重新分选作用。灌丛与沙堆的各形态参数（灌丛高度除外）均存在高度的正相关性（P＜0.01）,说明各形态参数在沙堆发育过程中得以协调发展。受植被类型和区域环境的影响,与干旱-半干旱地区直立生长且分支少的灌丛形成的椭球形或圆锥形沙堆形态不同,蔓荆匍匐生长且高度较矮的形态常形成低矮且范围较大的灌丛沙堆。亚热带湿润地区风力资源不丰富及厚田沙地沙源不足使沉积物主要来源于附近平沙地与丘间地,但不同坡位沉积规律与干旱-半干旱地区相同。  相似文献   

An n-alkane and carbon isotope record during the last deglaciation from annually laminated sediment in Lake Xiaolongwan,northeastern China     

Qing Sun  Manman Xie  Yuan Lin  Yabing Shan  Qingzeng Zhu  Deke Xu  Youliang Su  Patrick Rioual  Guoqiang Chu 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2016,56(2-3):189-203

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晚更新世末期北方陆架区沙漠-黄土堆积群的初步研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

于洪军  韩德亮  初风友 《地质力学学报》1997,3(4):33-38

晚更新世末期,强劲古季风活动的结果,在中国西部形成沙漠-黄土堆积群(黄土高原及其以西或西北的沙漠区),当它到达陆架区以后,风蚀作用继续存在,会产生同样的地质效果,因而在中国东部陆架区,形成两个新的沙漠-黄土堆积群。其一为渤海沙漠-黄土堆积群,包括渤海海底、渤海海岸一带的古沙漠活动区和辽东半岛西岸、庙岛群岛以及山东蓬莱以西的含有孔虫的黄土沉积。其二为黄海沙漠-黄土堆积群,包括苏北浅滩和长江三角洲地区全新世以前的沙漠活动区和南京一带的下蜀黄土。   相似文献