3D scattering of obliquely incident plane SV waves by an alluvial valley embedded in a fluid-saturated,poroelastic layered half-space     

Zhenning Ba  Jianwen Liang  Xiongyi Mei 《地震科学（英文版）》2013,26(2):107-116

The indirect boundary element method is used to study the 3D dynamic response of an infinitely long alluvial valley embedded in a saturated layered half-space for obliquely incident SV waves. A wave-number transform is first applied along the valley’s axis to reduce a 3D problem to a 2D plane strain problem. The problem is then solved in the section perpendicular to the axis of the valley. Finally, the 3D dynamic responses of the valley are obtained by an inverse wave-number transform. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparison with relevant results. The differences between the responses around the valley embedded in dry and in saturated poroelastic medium are studied, and the effects of drainage conditions, porosity, soil layer stiffness, and soil layer thickness on the dynamic response are discussed in detail resulting in some conclusions.  相似文献   

3D Diffraction of obliquely incident SH waves by twin infinitely long cylindrical cavities in layered poroelastic half-space     

Jianwen Liang  Bing Han  Zhenning Ba 《地震科学（英文版）》2013,26(6):395-406

This paper studies three-dimensional diffraction of obliquely incident plane SH waves by twin infinitely long cylindrical cavities in layered poroelastic half-space using indirect boundary element method. The approach is validated by comparison with the literature, and the effects of cavity interval, incident frequency, and boundary drainage condition on the diffraction are studied through numerical examples. It is shown that, the interaction between two cavities is significant and surface displacement peaks become large when two cavities are close, and the surface displacement may be significantly amplified by twin cavities, and the influence range with large amplification can be as wide as 40 times of the cavity radius. Surface displacements in dry poroelastic case and saturated poroelastic cases with drained and undrained boundaries are evidently different under certain circumstances, and the differences may be much larger than those in the free-field response.  相似文献   

Interval‐Based Diagnosis of Biological Systems – a Powerful Tool for Highly Uncertain Anaerobic Digestion Processes     

Víctor Alcaraz‐González  Rubén Horacio López‐Bañuelos  Jean‐Philippe Steyer  Hugo Oscar Méndez‐Acosta  Víctor González‐Álvarez  Carlos Pelayo‐Ortiz 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(9):941-949

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a highly nonlinear time‐varying process commonly used for biological wastewater treatment, which is subject to large disturbances of both influent concentrations, and flow rates that may lead the process to a breakdown. In order to compensate the effect of these disturbances, the dynamics of the main state variables – including biomass – must be closely monitored and used to improve the process performance. However, AD processes still suffer from a lack of reliable and cheap sensors of key process variables to insure the right process operation. This has led to the development of estimation schemes, which infer the information of such key variables from the available measurements. Nevertheless, reliable measurements are not always possible to get because these readings may be corrupted by noise or erroneous due to sensor failures and as a consequence, they may lead to deteriorated control efforts and the eventual crash of the AD process. In this article, we propose an integrated system for the detection, isolation, and analysis of faults in AD processes by using interval observers (IO). The proposed approach was experimentally implemented on a 1‐m³ pilot scale anaerobic digester. Based on the comparison between the measured outputs and their corresponding estimates, results show that this approach was able to detect sensor failures as well as faults in the basic hypotheses made during the design step.  相似文献   

河南省中寒武世岩相古地理^*          下载免费PDF全文

裴放  王建平  王世炎  巴燕  陈瑞保 《古地理学报》2012,14(4):423-436

应用冯增昭教授倡导的“单因素分析多因素综合作图法”,对河南省中寒武世以期为单位编制岩相古地理图,探讨海陆分布状况及其演化规律。在毛庄期,华北台地西南部有熊耳陆,台地呈现为泥坪和坪间局限海。泥坪为豫鲁皖泥坪,局限海为晋豫局限海东南部,其中散布有1个准滩、2个雏滩。徐庄期熊耳陆变化不大,华北台地发生分化。豫鲁皖泥坪范围缩小为狭长的晋豫皖泥坪,晋豫局限海向东南扩展成为豫鲁皖局限海,其中分布有3个准滩和5个雏滩。熊耳陆西侧则成为豫陕局限海,发育1个雏滩。到张夏期,熊耳陆逐渐缩小,华北台地泥坪几乎消失,全部变为华北陆表海,为广阔的碳酸盐岩台地,鲕粒滩广布,共发育8个滩、2个准滩、3个雏滩。从毛庄期到张夏期,熊耳陆由扩大变缩小,华北台地泥坪面积逐渐萎缩,而局限海由西北向东南、再向西、向南逐渐扩展,最终占领全部海域。  相似文献   

An equivalent medium model for wave simulation in fractured porous rocks   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Du Qi‐Zhen  Wang Xue‐Mei  Ba Jing  Zhang Qiang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2012,60(5):940-956

Seismic wave propagation in reservoir rocks is often strongly affected by fractures and micropores. Elastic properties of fractured reservoirs are studied using a fractured porous rock model, in which fractures are considered to be embedded in a homogeneous porous background. The paper presents an equivalent media model for fractured porous rocks. Fractures are described in a stress‐strain relationship in terms of fracture‐induced anisotropy. The equations of poroelasticity are used to describe the background porous matrix and the contents of the fractures are inserted into a matrix. Based on the fractured equivalent‐medium theory and Biot's equations of poroelasticity, two sets of porosity are considered in a constitutive equation. The porous matrix permeability and fracture permeability are analysed by using the continuum media seepage theory in equations of motion. We then design a fractured porous equivalent medium and derive the modified effective constants for low‐frequency elastic constants due to the presence of fractures. The expressions of elastic constants are concise and are directly related to the properties of the main porous matrix, the inserted fractures and the pore fluid. The phase velocity and attenuation of the fractured porous equivalent media are investigated based on this model. Numerical simulations are performed. We show that the fractures and pores strongly influence wave propagation, induce anisotropy and cause poroelastic behaviour in the wavefields. We observe that the presence of fractures gives rise to changes in phase velocity and attenuation, especially for the slow P‐wave in the direction parallel to the fracture plane.  相似文献   

Scattering and diffraction of plane SH-waves by periodically distributed canyons     

Zhenning Ba  Jianwen Liang  Yanju Zhang 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2016,15(2):325-339

A new method is presented to study the scattering and diffraction of plane SH-waves by periodically distributed canyons in a layered half-space. This method uses the indirect boundary element method combined with Green’s functions of uniformly distributed loads acting on periodically distributed inclined lines. The periodicity feature of the canyons is exploited to limit the discretization effort to a single canyon, which avoids errors induced by the truncation of the infinite boundary, and the computational complexity and the demand on memory can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the total wave fields are decomposed into the free field and scattered field in the process of calculation, which means that the method has definite physical meaning. The implementation of the method is described in detail and its accuracy is verified. Parametric studies are performed in the frequency domain by taking periodically distributed canyons of semi-circular and semi-elliptic cross-sections as examples. Numerical results show that the dynamic responses of periodically distributed canyons can be quite different from those for a single canyon and significant dynamic interactions exist between the canyons.  相似文献   

电导率加和性质及其在酸雨观测数据质量评估中的应用   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

汤洁  徐晓斌  杨志彪  巴金  王淑凤 《应用气象学报》2008,19(4):385-392

大气降水中离子成分的电导率具有可加和性, 国际上已经普遍应用该原理对大气降水离子成分观测的数据质量进行分析和评估, 即所谓的相对电导率差 (conductance percent difference, CPD) 方法。该文应用CPD方法对我国4个大气本底观测站的电导率和降水离子成分数据进行了数据质量分析, 针对我国的降水电导率范围偏高等特点, 对国外推荐的CP D统计检验指标的适用性进行了讨论, 指出在我国应用CPD方法时宜采取pH值分组的方式, 并根据这种分组方式的统计分析, 估计4个大气本底观测站的部分pH值观测数据可能存在-0.05左右的测量误差。该文还依据降水中离子成分电导率的可加和性原理, 提出K-pH不等式方法, 可以用于中国气象局酸雨观测站网的pH值和电导率数据的现场校验和数据质量的分析评估。应用K-pH不等式方法对观测数据进行现场质量检验时, 对pH值小于5.0范围的酸性降水效果尤其显著。应用K-pH不等式方法对1992—2005年间全国酸雨观测站观测数据的统计分析显示, 部分酸雨观测站的pH值测量数据可能存在-0.1~-0.3左右的系统性负偏差。  相似文献   

Absolute Sea Level Surface Modeling for the Mediterranean from Satellite Altimeter and Tide Gauge Measurements     

Marijan Grgić  Robert Steven Nerem  Tomislav Bašić 《Marine Geodesy》2017,40(4):239-258

Changes in the height of the ocean can be described through the relative and absolute sea level changes depending on the geodetic reference the sea level records are related to. Satellite altimetry provides absolute sea level (ASL) measurements related to the global geodetic reference, whereas tide gauges provide relative sea level (RSL) measurements related to the adjacent land. This study aims at computing the ASL surfaces for different time epochs from combined satellite altimeter and tide gauge records. A method of sea level data fusion is proposed to enable modeling of the impact of present and future sea level changes on the coast. Sea surface modeling was investigated for ten different gridding methods commonly used for the interpolation of altimeter data over the open ocean and extrapolation over the coastal zones. The performance of gridding methods was assessed based on the comparison of the gridded altimeter data and corrected tide gauge measurements. Finally, the sea level surfaces related to the GRS80 global reference ellipsoid were computed for the Mediterranean Sea over the altimeter period. In addition, the current sea level trends were estimated from both sea level measurements.  相似文献   

Investigation of the 16-year and 18-year ZTD Time Series Derived from GPS Data Processing     

Zofia Bałdysz  Grzegorz Nykiel  Mariusz Figurski  Karolina Szafranek  Krzysztof KroszczyńSki 《Acta Geophysica》2015,63(4):1103-1125

The GPS system can play an important role in activities related to the monitoring of climate. Long time series, coherent strategy, and very high quality of tropospheric parameter Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) estimated on the basis of GPS data analysis allows to investigate its usefulness for climate research as a direct GPS product. This paper presents results of analysis of 16-year time series derived from EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) reprocessing performed by the Military University of Technology. For 58 stations Lomb-Scargle periodograms were performed in order to obtain information about the oscillations in ZTD time series. Seasonal components and linear trend were estimated using Least Square Estimation (LSE) and Mann—Kendall trend test was used to confirm the presence of a linear trend designated by LSE method. In order to verify the impact of the length of time series on trend value, comparison between 16 and 18 years were performed.  相似文献   

基于CPU-GPU异构并行的复杂场地近断层地震动谱元法模拟   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

巴振宁  赵靖轩  吴孟桃  梁建文 《地震学报》2022,44(1):182-193

利用基于CUDA编程平台实现的工作站级CPU-GPU异构并行方法开展了实际场地近断层地震动谱元法模拟.通过模拟SECE/USGS提供的自发破裂模型TPV15,测试了工作站级CPU-GPU异构并行方法的计算精度与计算效率,并将该方法应用于1679年三河—平谷M8.0地震的强地面运动模拟,以证实该方法对真实设定地震动模拟的...  相似文献