Consistent Distribution of Stress before Strong Earthquake from Focal Mechanisms     

Zeren Zhim  Diao Guiling  Li Zhixiong 《中国地震研究》2010,24(4):415-422

At some stage of a strong earthquake preparation,the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes have roughly the same direction with the tectonic stress field.According to this feature,we define the angle between P,B and T axis of focal mechanisms and the three stress axes of tectonic stress field as the consistency parameter a in studying the dynamic changes of stress fields in earthquake preparation areas.We mainly analyze the changes of the consistency parameter a of the MW8.3 Kuril island arc earthquake and the MW8.4 Peru earthquake.Our study shows that before the strong earthquakes,the earthquake area saw a low consistency,and the focal mechanisms of a series of small earthquakes had small differences in the directions with the tectonic stress field,which means the foreshocks were under the control of the stress field.On the other hand,a higher consistency means the focal mechanisms of their aftershocks are scattered and have big differences in the directions with the tectonic field,which indicate that the control of background stress field starts weakening.  相似文献   

华南强震动力分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

沈繁銮  杨马陵  李志雄  袁锡文  郑萍 《华南地震》2010,30(1):1-5

根据华南陆缘扩张的动力来源和现代构造运动特征及强震震源断层最新活动性质,通过对华南地震活动与地球自转速率变化、GPS观测基线变化、理论面应变的关系分析,认为地幔流向洋侧的蠕散是造成华南现今地壳变形和张剪性构造运动为主的原因,而区域地球的波动膨胀拉张是引发强震的动力。  相似文献   

基于改进Harris算法的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物角点检测研究     

崔有祯  吴露露  辛星  陈国锐  郑志雄 《测绘通报》2013,(9):24-26

高分辨率影像具有空间分辨率高、光谱分辨率相对不足的特点,在多领域中具有广阔的应用前景。利用Google Earth高分辨率遥感影像作为数据源,对其红、绿、蓝通道图像,以及三通道取平均的全色通道图像进行建筑物角点检测,并根据建筑物在影像上具有几何角点的特点,对Harris算法的一阶梯度算子进行4种方向上的改进。对Google Earth的红、绿、蓝、全色4种图像进行试验,从4个检测方向上检测并累加,结果表明红色通道的图像检测效果较好。利用4种改进梯度算子进行累加的建筑物角点识别,识别正确率可到74.75%,识别效果较好。结果表明,该方法可以很好地实现高分辨率影像建筑物的角点检测,具有一定的理 论研究和实际应用价值,可为建筑物自动识别提供技术参考。  相似文献   

西沙群岛造礁石珊瑚主要疾病调查与初步研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

朱志雄  周永灿  柯韶文  王世锋  谢珍玉 《海洋学报》2012,34(6):195-204

记录了2010年5-10月及2011年4-8月在西沙群岛海域开展珊瑚疾病调查的结果,发现普哥滨珊瑚(Porites pukoensis)、扁枝滨珊瑚(Porites andrewsi)、蔷薇珊瑚(Montipora spp.)、杯形珊瑚(Pocillopora spp.)、鹿角珊瑚(Acropora spp.) 、菊花珊瑚(Goniastrea spp.)、澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)和滨珊瑚(Porites spp.)等共14种珊瑚主要出现了白化、白斑病、黑化、黄色炎症样病症、粉红颗粒状综合症等9种不同症状的疾病,目前该海域为珊瑚疾病的频发区。其中,普哥滨珊瑚的黄色炎症样病症和扁枝滨珊瑚的白化最为常见。普哥滨珊瑚黄色炎症样病症主要出现在永兴岛附近海区,患病部位存在大量黄色脓样分泌物,患病部位水螅体生长正常、萎缩或缺失,有时骨骼部分缺失,患病部位面积一般为0.02~12.00 cm2;该疾病由机械损伤或其他原因引起,因机械损伤引起的伤口一般在2~3个月可以恢复,其中小面积伤口的黄色物质可在10~20d内消失、伤口基本恢复正常,而其他原因产生的黄色物质需1~3个月才能消失,有的甚至在观察期内无明显变化。扁枝滨珊瑚的白化出现在七连屿一带的扁枝滨珊瑚分布区,该病存在整枝完全白化、局部大面积白化、散布白色斑点3种情况,白化部位水螅体缺失。本文为我国西沙海域珊瑚疾病的首次报道,可为今后开展西沙珊瑚疾病研究提供参考。  相似文献   

地震非均匀度物理意义的实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李志雄  马胜利  李圣强  李闽峰  路鹏  陈华静  王松  吴婷 《地震学报》2005,27(6):682-690

资料表明某些强地震前中小地震的地震非均匀度（GL值）参数在强地震孕育进入中期或短期阶段出现明显异常变化, 显示出区域中小地震活动状态发生变化. 本文通过对含有障碍体的平直断层、 挤压型雁列式断层及Ⅲ型剪切裂纹等3种类型的岩石样本变形破坏过程声发射事件时间序列的分析, 讨论了GL值变化的物理意义. 计算结果表明, 这3种标本变形破坏过程中, 在应力应变处于非弹性阶段前夕或在岩石整体破裂失稳前破裂成核期间, GL值出现持续大于１的异常变化. 表明GL值能较好地刻画受压岩石破坏前的应变的非弹性变化, 具有一定的标本破裂指示意义.   相似文献   

珠三角县域城市潜力的空间集聚演化及影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梅志雄  徐颂军  欧阳军 《地理研究》2014,33(2):296-309

运用因子分析、扩展的潜力模型、ESDA和空间计量经济学模型,基于五个时间断面的数据,探讨了1990-2009年珠三角县域潜力的空间集聚格局演变特征及其影响因素。研究发现：总体上珠三角县域潜力具正空间集聚特征,但集聚程度不高且趋于减弱;大多数县域潜力的局部空间集聚特征保持相对稳定且规律性明显,高潜力县域集中在广-佛都市区并呈向深-莞-惠都市区发展态势,低潜力县域进一步向研究区西部集聚,并在西部形成面状连续分布区;局部空间集聚格局也发生了一些变化：HH和LL集聚区位有所变化,局部集聚类型间有一定的转化,县域潜力的空间集聚的不均衡性在西部与中东部地带间有进一步扩大倾向。从县域潜力集聚演化的影响因素上看,县域间相互作用、地理区位、消费者购买力、人力资本、劳动力成本、信息化水平有显著正向影响;企业数量、城市化水平有显著负向影响;交通运输条件、固定资本投入和两个经济政策因素的影响不显著。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal association analysis of county potential in the Pearl River Delta during 1990-2009     

Zhixiong MEI  Songjun XU  Jun OUYANG 《地理学报(英文版)》2015,25(3):319-336

According to the highway data and some socioeconomic data of 1990, 1994, 2000, 2005 and 2009 of county units in the Pearl River Delta, this paper measured urban integrated power of different counties in different years by factor analysis, and estimated each county’s potential in each year by means of expanded potential model. Based on that, the spatio-temporal association patterns and evolution of county potential were analyzed using spatio-temporal autocorrelation methods, and the validity of spatio-temporal association patterns was verified by comparing with spatial association patterns and cross-correlation function. The main results are shown as follows: (1) The global spatio-temporal association of county potential showed a positive effect during the study period. But this positive effect was not strong, and it had been slowly strengthened during 1994-2005 and decayed during 2005-2009. The local spatio-temporal association characteristics of most counties’ potential kept relatively stable and focused on a positive autocorrelation, however, there were obvious transformations in some counties among four types of local spatio-temporal association (i.e., HH, LL, HL and LH). (2) The distribution difference and its change of local spatio-temporal association types of county potential were obvious. Spatio-temporal HH type units were located in the central zone and Shenzhen-Dongguan region of the eastern zone, but the central spatio-temporal HH area shrunk to the Guangzhou-Foshan core metropolitan region only after 2000; the spatio-temporal LL area in the western zone kept relatively stable with a surface-shaped continuous distribution pattern, new LL type units emerged in the south-central zone since 2005, the eastern LL area expanded during 1994-2000, but then gradually shrunk and scattered at the eastern edge in 2009; the spatio-temporal HL and LH areas varied significantly. (3) The local spatio-temporal association patterns of county potential among the three zones presented significant disparity, and obvious difference between the eastern and central zones tended to decrease, whereas that between the western zone and the central and eastern zones further expanded. (4) Spatio-temporal autocorrelation methods can efficiently mine the spatio-temporal association patterns of county potential, and can better reveal the complicated spatio-temporal interaction between counties than ESDA methods.  相似文献   

基于HY-2A散射计数据的极区海冰范围反演方法及其评估     

石立坚  李明明  赵朝方  王志雄  施英妮  邹巨洪  曾韬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(8):76-83

A sea ice extent retrieval algorithm over the polar area based on scatterometer data of HY-2A satellite has been established.Four parameters are used for distinguishing between sea ice and ocean with Fisher's linear discriminant analysis method.The method is used to generate polar sea ice extent maps of the Arctic and Antarctic regions of the full 2013–2014 from the scatterometer aboard HY-2A(HY-2A-SCAT) backscatter data.The time series of the ice mapped imagery shows ice edge evolution and indicates a similar seasonal change trend with total ice area from DMSP-F17 Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder(SSMIS) sea ice concentration data.For both hemispheres,the HY-2A-SCAT extent correlates very well with SSMIS 15% extent for the whole year period.Compared with Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) imagery,the HY-2A-SCAT ice extent shows good correlation with the Sentinel-1 SAR ice edge.Over some ice edge area,the difference is very evident because sea ice edges can be very dynamic and move several kilometers in a single day.  相似文献   

城市环境气候图的发展及其应用现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

任超  吴恩融  Katzschner Lutz  冯志雄 《应用气象学报》2012,23(5):593-603

城市环境气候图最初于20世纪70年代由德国气候研究者开发制作,通过近40年的发展,目前在世界范围内已有20个国家开展了相关研究与应用项目,从而为改善城市气候环境与提高人居生活条件提供决策依据。该文首先对城市环境气候图的发展及其制作方法进行了一个总体性的回顾,然后选取德国、日本和中国香港地区的研究案例用以考察目前该领域研究和应用现状与存在问题,进一步详细探讨了未来发展的方向,最后指出了在我国城市化进程中为应对诸多气候环境问题所迫切需要开展的相关研究问题。  相似文献   

土地利用配置的混沌蚁群优化算法研究     

陆军辉  梅志雄  赵书芳  肖艳云 《地球信息科学学报》2017,19(8):1026-1035

土地利用优化配置是促进土地可持续发展的重要举措,然而现有研究缺乏有效求解土地利用优化配置模型的新型混合式智能优化算法。本文结合蚁群算法和混沌模型,形成混沌蚁群优化（Chaos Ant Colony Optimization,CACO）算法,并以广州市增城区为研究区,对土地利用现状进行优化配置;然后在数量结构、目标函数值、空间布局等方面将优化结果与土地现状及标准蚁群算法优化结果进行对比分析。结果表明：① CACO算法能在满足多种约束条件下,有效解决多目标土地利用优化配置问题;② 与标准蚁群算法相比,CACO算法能增加土地利用的经济效益7.18亿元、生态效益0.33亿元、社会效益1.13%,同时降低地类转换成本1.15%;③ CACO算法能使土地利用现状空间分布多样性和均匀性的下降控制在1.30%以内,同时缩减地块数量8.86%,并使平均斑块大小增加9.77%,从而提升土地集约利用水平,更合理地配置各现状地类的空间分布,为研究区土地利用的科学规划与决策提供支持。  相似文献