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11.
1993年分析了不同大小斑节对虾肌肉中游离氨基酸含量和肌肉蛋白质 的氨基酸组成。虾体肌肉中有各种游离氨基酸存在,但数量很少,而且比例与肌肉 中结合氨基酸不一致。不同大小斑节对虾,其肌肉中氨基酸组成基本一样,不同的 是小虾的半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸含量比中虾、成虾的低;成虾的缬氨酸、异亮氨酸含量比 小虾、中虾的低,而酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸较高。随着虾体的长大,甘氨酸、 丙氨酸的含量逐渐下降,而脯氨酸的含量升高。雌雄虾的氨基酸组成基本一致,只 是雄虾的甘氨酸含量偏低,精氨酸含量偏高。 相似文献
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现代海洋仪器正向连续自动记录和自动化方面发展着。目前,电测式的海洋温度测量仪器,大都是由测温传感器、探测电缆和自动记录的二次仪表组成。 相似文献
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Variation in glycogen concentration, condition index (CI) and filtration activity were measured in the bivalve Macoma balthica buried in sediment and experimentally exposed to cadmium (Cd). The stress due to elevated but sub-lethal concentrations (300 ppb Cd) affected the overall fitness of the organism as all parameters monitored responded significantly. Lower concentrations tested (10, 30 and 100 ppb) only induced a significant decrease in filtration activity, which may play a protective role, enabling the organism to slow down its metabolic activity and preserving the integrity of its reserves (reflected by stable CI and glycogen levels). Hence, the various endpoints selected show different thresholds. Our results also demonstrate that under high exposure, small individuals loose proportionally more glycogen per unit of weight than larger ones, thus confirming the higher sensitivity of small individuals to metal contamination. Furthermore, exposure to intermediate concentration (30 ppb) seems to be beneficial to the small individuals as indicated by their high CI values compared to the control. These results showed thus that non-sigmoidal concentration-response relationship and sizes of individuals should be considered in monitoring programmes and risk assessment. 相似文献
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Metals in contaminated salt marshes are mainly locked in the anaerobic layer of sediments, where they are tightly bound as sulfides and organic complexes. Vascular plants survive in saturated soils in part by pumping O2 into their root zones, changing their microenvironment to an oxic one. This, along with chelating exudates, mobilizes metals, allowing uptake by the roots. We compared the common reed Phragmites australis and cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in lab and field studies for ways in which they handle trace metals. Both plants store most of their metal burden in their roots, but some is transported to aboveground tissues. Spartina leaves contain approximately 2-3 x more Cr, Pb, and Hg than Phragmites leaves, but equivalent Cu and Zn. Furthermore, Spartina leaves have salt glands, so leaf excretion of all metals is twice that of Phragmites. In-depth studies with Hg indicate that Hg excretion correlates with Na release but not with transpiration, which is 2.2 x higher in Phragmites; and that more Hg accumulates in early-appearing leaves than in upper (i.e. later) leaves in both species. Spartina thus makes more metals available to salt marsh ecosystems than Phragmites by direct excretion and via dead leaves which will enter the food web as detritus. 相似文献
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尼罗罗非鱼对不同颜色定置网片的反应特性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文初步研究了尼罗罗非鱼对红、黄、绿、蓝、青灰色定置网片反应特性,并探讨了该鱼对青灰色网片的适应特性。结果表明:绿色网片对罗非鱼的阻拦作用最大,青灰色网片次之,红、黄色网片再次,蓝色网片最小。罗非鱼对青灰色网片具明显的适应现象,它们完成整个适应过程所需的实验重复次数约为7次。 相似文献
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Telli-Karakoç F Ruddock PJ Bird DJ Hewer A Van Schanke A Phillips DH Peters LD 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):511-515
Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were injected intraperitoneally with either corn oil or 5 mg/kg benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) dissolved in corn oil and sampled I and 3 days after injection. After 1 day, no elevation of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was observed, however bile metabolites (BaP-7,8 dihydrodiol representing 70% of the total metabolites) and a single hepatic DNA adduct spot (0.47 adducts/10(8) nucleotides) identified by 32P-postlabelling were formed. No BaP metabolites or DNA adducts were observed in either control or carrier control fish. Fish sampled after 3 days reported 5-fold higher (P < 0.05) levels of EROD activity, a shift in the bile metabolite profile towards BaP phenol formation (1OH and 30H BaP comprising up to 60% of total metabolites detected) and the formation of two adduct spots (0.86 and 0.71 adducts/10(8) nucleotides). These results show that BaP can be metabolised and form hydrophobic DNA adducts in turbot without EROD elevation. Following EROD elevation, a shift in the profile of both BaP metabolites and BaP metabolite-DNA interactions occurs indicative of other oxidative processes. 相似文献
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