发展方程的非线性计算不稳定问题     

Ji Zhongzhen  Lin Wantao  Yang Xiaozhong 《大气科学进展》2001,18(3):397-403

进一步讨论了有关非线性不稳定的一些问题,其主要内容有： １．考察了有代表性的三类发展方程,指出其对应的差分格式是否出现非线性计算不稳定,与原微分方程解的性质密切相关。 ２．进一步讨论了带周期边条件的守恒型差分格式的非线性计算稳定性问题,总结了克服非线性不稳定的有效措施。 ３．以非线性平流方程为例,着重分析了带非周期边条件的非守恒差分格式的非线性计算稳定性问题,给出了判别其计算稳定性的“综合分析判别法”。  相似文献   

1901-1995年气候变化导致陆地生态系统净吸收碳   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yang Xin  Wang Mingxing  Huang Yao 《大气科学进展》2001,18(6):1192-1206

The spatial and temporal variability of land carbon flux over the past one hundred years was investigated based on an empirical model directly calculating soil respiration rate. Our model shows that during 1901-1995, about 44-89 PgC (equals to 0.5, 0.9 PgC/yr respectively) were absorbed by terrestrial biosphere. The simulated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) after the 1930s was close to the estimated value of" missing C sink” from deconvolution analysis. Most of the total carbon sink happened during 1951-1985 with the estimated value of 33-50 PgC. Three major sinks were located in the tropics (10°S-10°N), Northern mid-latitudes (30°-60°N) and Southern subtropics (10°-40°S). During 1940s-mid-1970s, carbon sinks by terrestrial ecosystem increased with time, and decreased after the mid-1970s. These may be due to the ch anging of climate condition, as during the 1940s-1970s, temperature decreased and precipitation increased, while after the mid-1970s, an opposite climate situation occurred with evident increasing in temperature and decreasing in precipitation. Usually, warmer and dryer climate condition is not favor for carbon absorption by biosphere and even induces net carbon release from soil, while cooler and wetter condition may induce more carbon sink. Our model results show that the net carbon flux is particularly dependent on moisture / precipitation effect despite of temperature effect. The changing of climate in the past century may be a possible factor inducing increases in carbon sink in addition to CO2 and N fertilizer.  相似文献   

南海天然气水合物稳定带的影响因素   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

金春爽  汪集旸  张光学 《矿床地质》2005,24(4):388-397

文章利用南海所积累的大量热流、海底温度和地温梯度数据，针对地温梯度的变化，对地温梯度数据进行了初步校正。分情况研究了纯甲烷，甲烷、乙烷、丙烷混合物分别在纯水、海水条件下形成的天然气水合物在南海的可能分布范围；进而对影响天然气水合物分布的影响因素进行了讨论。研究表明，随着天然气中重烃含量的增加，孔隙水盐度的降低，水合物稳定带在平面上的分布范围越来越大，水合物稳定带的厚度也越来越大。比较而言，气体组成的影响要比孔隙水盐度的大。同时，天然气水合物稳定带的厚度与热流有一定的负相关关系。在南海2000m水深范围之内，由于受海底温度的控制，水合物稳定带的厚度与水深呈明显的正相关关系。  相似文献   

Influence of the Kunlun Mountain Ms8.1 Earthquake on Horizontal Crustal Deformation in the Sichuan and Yunnan Area     

Yang Guohua 《中国地震研究》2007,21(3):269-280

In order to track the space-time variation of regional strain field holistically(in a large scale) and to describe the regional movement field more objectively,the paper uses a nonlinear continuous strain model focused on extracting medium-low frequency strain information on the basis of a region with no rotation.According to the repeated measurements(1999～2001～2004) from GPS monitoring stations in the Sichuan and Yunnan area obtained by the Project of "China Crust Movement Measuring Network",and with the movement of 1999～2001(stage deformation background) as the basic reference,we separated the main influencing factors of the Kunlun Mountain M-S8.1 earthquake in 2001 from the data of 2001 and 2004,and the results indicate:(1) the Kunlun Mountain M-S8.1 earthquake has a discriminating effect on the Sichuan and Yunnan area,moreover,the deformation mode and background had not only certain similitude but also some diversity;(2) The movement field before the earthquake was very ordinal,while after the earthquake,order and disorder existed simultaneously in the displacement field;The displacement quantities of GPS monitoring stations were generally several millimeters;(3) The principal strain field before earthquake was basically tensile in an approximate EW direction and compressive in the SN direction,and tension was predominant.After the earthquake,the principal strain field in the Sichuan area was compressive in the EW direction and tensile in the SN direction,and the compression was predominant.In the Yunnan area,it was tensional in the NE direction and compressive in the NW direction,and tension was predominant;(4) The surficial strain before the earthquake was dominated by superficial expansion,the contractive area being located basically in the east boundary of Sichuan and Yunnan block and its neighborhood.After the earthquake,the Sichuan area was surface contractive(the further north,the greater it was),and south of it was an area of superficial expansion.Generally speaking,the Kunlun Mountain M-S8.1 earthquake played an active role in the accumulation of energy in the Sichuan and Yunnan area.Special attention shall be focused on the segment of Xichang-Dongchuan and its neighborhood.  相似文献   

南海海平面高度年循环的特征   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Liu Qinyu  Jia Yinglai  Wang Xiaohu  Yang Haijun 《大气科学进展》2001,18(4):613-622

根据 ＴＯＰＥＸ／ ＰＯＳＥＩＤＯＮ－ＥＲＳ高度计提供的海平面高度异常资料和并行海洋气候模式（ＰＯＣＭ）模拟海平面高度资料，分析了南海海平面高度年循环特征。结果表明：ｌ月，３月和５月海平面高度的异常值分别与７月，９月，１１月的异常值相反。ｌ月（７月），深水海区与吕宋海峡的海平面高度为负（正）异常，在大部分陆架区和南海的西和南部，海平面高度为正（负）异常。在３月（９月），除海平面高度异常的量级已减少，且较小的ＳＳＨ正异常（负异常）出现在南海的中部以外，海平面高度异常的分布型与 １月（７月）类似； ＳＳＨ的年循环的最大振幅出现在吕宋岛的西北海域；风的季节变化是南海ＳＳＨ季节变化的主要原因。  相似文献   

天然气水合物的地热研究进展   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

金春爽  汪集晻 《地球科学进展》2001,16(4):540-543

天然气水合物的地热研究在以下几个方面都取得了重要进展，热流与似海底反射层的关系，水合物稳定带的研究；水合物热物理参数的确定；水合物形成过程中的热状态；热导率的应用，指出了今后水合物的地热学研究方向。  相似文献   

对中国大陆壳体的放射性生热元素丰度的大地热流检验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪洋  汪集  邓晋福  熊亮萍 《大地构造与成矿学》2001,25(2):210-216

本文作者据《中国大陆壳体的区域元素丰度》一文给出的壳体放射性生热元素铀、钍、钾的丰度，计算出中国大陆三个主要壳体的平均热流值，将其与实测大地热流平均值进行对比。结果表明计算值不满足实测大地热流值的约束，这意味着该文给出的铀、钍、钾的丰度值偏高。我们认为，根据区域地震剖面地震波速推断岩性，再利用出露地表的相应岩石的成分估计地壳或地幔放射性生热元素丰度的方法，缺乏十分可靠的理论或实验基础。同时该文给出的中国大陆壳体的其他强不相容元素的丰度值是否可靠也值得商榷。  相似文献   

Application of the Sequence Stratigraphy in the Study of Cretaceous-Tertiary of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China     

DING Xiaozhong  GUO Xianpu  PENG Yang  JI Yunlong  WANG Yineng Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing    China University of Geosciences  Beijing    Northwestern Bureau of Petroleum Geology  SINOPEC  Urumqi   《Continental Dynamics》2001,(2)

1. IntroductionThe Tarim basin, one of the most developed and important areas of marine Cretaceous-Tertiary in China except for south Tibet, is very rich in oil and gas, such as Kekeya oilfield in southwestern Tarim and Kela2 gas field in northeastern Tarim. Because of the expansion, subduction of the oceanic crust of the Tethys and the collision between the India plate and the Eurasia plate during the Cretaceous-Tertiary, the Tethys transgressed into the Tarim basin from west to east fr…  相似文献   

中国热带地区降水与印度夏季风的关系     

Yang  S 解明恩 《气象科技》1996,(1):44-49

中国热带地区降水与印度夏季风的关系ＳｏｎｇＹａｎｇＷｉｌｌｉａｍＪ．Ｇｕｔｏｗｓｋｉ，Ｊｒ．（美国马萨诸塞州大气与环境研究公司）（美国衣阿华州立大学地质与大气科学系）１引官亚洲季风是东亚和南亚广大地区年降水循环的显著特征。由于其经济和科学上的重要性，...  相似文献   

A Review of Catalogues of Chinese Earthquakes     

Yang Zhixian  Su GangInstitute of Crustal Dynamics  SSB  P.O. Box  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1996,(2)

In the past decade, the most authoritative catalogues of Chinese earthquakes and the most popular with seismologists in China are the following:(1) Gu Gongxu, 1983, Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes;(2) Min Ziqun, 1988, Concise Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes;(3) Xie Yusuou, 1989, Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (M≥ 4.7) from 1900-1980 with Uniform Magnitudes; and(4) Min Ziqun, 1995, Catalogue of Chinese Historical Strong Earthquakes. Earthquakes that occurred before 1900 are mainly documented in historical records.Since 1950s, more recent earthquakes were documented in two major compilations of historical records finished in 1956 and 1983-1987. Separately this effort resulted in two chronicles: two volumes for the first one and five volumes for the second one. The magnitudes are converted from the maximum intensity. These magnitudes, by convention, are connected with surface wave magnitudes. However, it is clear that they do not have any strict seismological definition.The period of 1900-1962 documen  相似文献