Oxidative stress, genotoxicity and histopathology biomarker responses in mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) liver from Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia)     

Ben Ameur W  de Lapuente J  El Megdiche Y  Barhoumi B  Trabelsi S  Camps L  Serret J  Ramos-López D  Gonzalez-Linares J  Driss MR  Borràs M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(2):241-251

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of environmental contaminants on oxidative stress, genotoxic and histopathologic biomarkers in liver of mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) collected from a polluted coastal lagoon (Bizerte Lagoon) in comparison to a reference site (the Mediterranean Sea). Antioxidant enzyme activities were lower in fish from the polluted site compared with fish from the reference site, suggesting deficiency of the antioxidant system to compensate for oxidative stress. DNA damage was higher in both fish species from the contaminated site indicating genotoxic effects. The liver histopathological analysis revealed alterations in fish from Bizerte Lagoon. Hepatocytes from both fish species featured extensive lipid-type vacuolation and membrane disruption. Results suggest that the selected biomarkers in both fish species are useful for the assessment of pollution impacts in coastal environments influenced by multiple pollution sources.  相似文献   

用trackRT进行实时GPS数据处理     

王俊  谭凯  杨少敏  刘刚  赵斌  王伟  牛奔 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,(Z1):156-159

利用trackRT实时定位模块对GPS连续站数据进行处理,得到测站的实时动态位移,精度水平方向约为1 cm、垂向约为2 cm;利用其RINEX模拟模块trackRTr对2011年日本Mw9.0地震的1 Hz GPS数据进行模拟实时处理,与事后处理结果较为一致;分析卫星轨道星历和基线长度对解算精度的影响,结果表明基线长度对解算精度影响较大。  相似文献   

Upstream and downstream controls of recent avulsions on the Taquari megafan,Pantanal, south‐western Brazil     

Bart Makaske  Ben H. P. Maathuis  Carlos R. Padovani  Chris Stolker  Erik Mosselman  Rob H. G. Jongman 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(12):1313-1326

Avulsion, the natural relocation of a river, is a key process in the evolution of subaerial fans, river floodplains and deltas. The causes of avulsion are poorly understood, which is partly due to the scarcity of field studies of present avulsions. At present, two avulsions are occurring on the middle and lower Taquari megafan, Pantanal basin, south‐western Brazil. Here we present an analysis of the causes of these avulsions based on field and remote sensing data and show that avulsions on megafans can be controlled by both upstream and downstream processes. The middle fan avulsion (started in 1997–1998) is a result of upstream control: overbank aggradation was caused by the (variable) input of sandy sediment into the system, which caused channel‐belt superelevation and also created an easily erodible subsurface favouring bank retreat, crevassing, and scour of deep floodplain channels. The sandy subsurface in this area is inferred to have been a major factor in the causation of this avulsion under conditions of little gradient advantage. The lower fan avulsion (started c. 1990) results from interplay of upstream and downstream controls, the latter being related to the local base level (the Paraguay River floodplain) at the toe of the fan. Channel and overbank aggradation on the lower fan was influenced by fan sub‐lobe progradation and channel backfilling. Fan sub‐lobe progradation caused a significant gradient advantage of the avulsion channel over the parent channel. Avulsions are commonly supposed to be preferentially triggered by high‐magnitude floods, when there is considerable channel‐belt superelevation. However, both avulsions studied by us were triggered by small to average floods, with modest channel‐belt superelevation. We conclude that flood magnitude and channel‐belt superelevation have been overrated as causes of avulsion, and demonstrate additional causes that influence the growth of crevasses into avulsions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

海洋可控源电磁法空气波研究现状及展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

殷长春  刘云鹤  翁爱华  贾定宇  贲放 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(5):1506-1520

海洋可控源电磁法是钻前储层评价的有效手段,它可作为海洋地震重要辅助手段识别海底构造的储油/储水特征,从而减少盲钻率和勘探成本。然而,当使用水平电偶极作为发射源在浅水区测量时,沿空气-海水分界面传播的空气波会完全掩盖从高阻储油层返回的有用信号。由于空气波不含海底储油层的任何信息,空气波的存在严重影响海洋电磁的应用。因此,如何在浅水区观测数据中去除空气波影响以取得好的反演结果成为当前海洋电磁法的研究热点之一。首先基于Weidelt的空气波理论并采用对TE谱核直接求导的方法推导出空气波的主导项,然后根据空气波的物理成因及影响特征阐述了海洋电磁数据解释之前必须去除空气波的原因,最后将目前处理空气波问题的方法分成3类：1)根据空气波在频率域和时间域的特性去除或压制空气波,2)采用无空气波的测量方式,3)直接对含空气波的电磁数据进行反演解释。通过比较各种方法的效果,发现所有方法都有自己的应用条件和局限性。为有效地压制和去除空气波,各种方法的组合也许有更好的应用效果。  相似文献   

Discovery and Analysis of Shale Gas in a Carboniferous Reservoir and its Enrichment Characteristics in the Northern Nanpanjiang Depression,Guizhou Province,China     

LU Shufan  LUO Xiangjian  DU Shengjiang  HE Ben  FU Hongbin  LIU Kuiyong 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(3):561-572

Shale gas resources are considered to be extremely abundant in southern China, which has dedicated considerable attention to shale gas exploration in recent years. Exploration of shale gas has considerably progressed and several breakthroughs have been made in China. However, shale gas explorations are still scarce. Summary and detailed analysis studies on black shale reservoirs are still to be performed for many areas. This lack of information slows the progress of shale gas explorations and results in low quantities of stored black shale. The Carboniferous Dawuba Formation, which is widely distributed and considerably thick, is one of the black shale formations targeted for shale gas exploration in southern China in the recent years. The acquisition and analysis of total organic carbon, vitrinite reflectance,types of organic matter, mineral composition, porosity, and permeability are basic but important processes. In addition, we analyzed the microscopic pores present in the shale. This study also showesd the good gas content of the Dawuba Formation, as well as the geological factors affecting its gas content and other characteristics. To understand the prospect of exploration, we compared this with other shale reservoirs which have been already successfully explored for gas. Our comparison showesd that those shale reservoirs have similar but not identical geological characteristics.  相似文献   

黔西南郭家湾新发现幻龙化石的埋藏特征及时代     

向坤鹏  贺永忠  赵磊  安亚运  刘奎勇  何犇  盘应娟 《地质通报》2019,38(8):1266-1273

1∶5万区域地质调查在黔西南郭家湾新发现了一处幻龙化石点。通过剖面测制,详细解剖了化石的异地埋藏特征,并依据区域地质填图和化石资料确定其时代为中三叠世安尼期。在此基础上,根据黔西南及邻区安尼期化石群的分布,结合岩相古地理分布特征,浅析了幻龙化石可能的物源,结果显示郭家湾一带为幻龙活动范围的可能性较大。该幻龙化石的发现及其时代的限定,为研究三叠纪海生爬行动物的演化和迁移提供了新的素材,具有重要的科学意义。  相似文献   

Clinoform quantification for assessing the effects of external forcing on continental margin development     

Vanessa Kertznus  Ben Kneller 《Basin Research》2009,21(5):738-758

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Application of time–frequency representation in the study of the cyclical behavior of wind speed in Algeria: wavelet transform     

Farouk Chellali  Abdallah Khellaf  Adel Belouchrani 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2010,24(8):1233-1239

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Use of geoinformatics for inter-basin water transfer assessment     

Niladri Gupta  Petter Pilesjo  Ben Maathuis 《Water Resources》2010,37(5):623-637

Fresh water availability and demand are unevenly distributed both temporally and geographically. Furthermore, the availability of fresh water has remained more or less constant, while the demand for clean water is steadily increasing. With demand surpassing supply, an integrated water resource management approach is required to ensure even distribution of potable water to all levels of society while protecting the environment. Inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) is an approach being applied in various countries around the world, with varying environmental and social implications. The Interlinking of Rivers (ILR) scheme is an example of such a project being planned in India. The research described in this paper was based on the ILR project and includes an assessment of the IBWT programme in some of the tributaries of the Brahmaputra and Ganga Rivers in the eastern part of India, covering the district of Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India. Geoinformation has been used in association with physical and socio-economic factors to identify potential dam and reservoir sites and to delineate the optimal route for canals to transfer water from the Brahmaputra basin to the Ganga basin for further transportation to the water-deficient regions of India.  相似文献   

Deformation correlations,stress field switches and evolution of an orogenic intersection: The Pan-African Kaoko-Damara orogenic junction,Namibia     

Ben Goscombe  David A. Foster  David Gray  Ben Wade  Antonios Marsellos  Jason Titus 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(6):1187-1232

Age calibrated deformation histories established by detailed mapping and dating of key magmatic time markers are correlated across all tectono-metamorphic provinces in the Damara Orogenic System.Correlations across structural belts result in an internally consistent deformation framework with evidence of stress field rotations with similar timing,and switches between different deformation events.Horizontal principle compressive stress rotated clockwise ~180°in total during Kaoko Belt evolution,and~135° during Damara Belt evolution.At most stages,stress field variation is progressive and can be attributed to events within the Damara Orogenic System,caused by changes in relative trajectories of the interacting Rio De La Plata,Congo,and Kalahari Cratons.Kaokoan orogenesis occurred earliest and evolved from collision and obduction at ~590 Ma,involving E-W directed shortening,progressing through different transpressional states with ~45° rotation of the stress field to strike-slip shear under NW-SE shortening at ~550-530 Ma.Damaran orogenesis evolved from collision at ~555-550 Ma with NW-SE directed shortening in common with the Kaoko Belt,and subsequently evolved through ~90°rotation of the stress field to NE-SW shortening at ~512-508 Ma.Both Kaoko and Damara orogenic fronts were operating at the same time,with all three cratons being coaxially convergent during the 550-530 Ma period;Rio De La Plata directed SE against the Congo Craton margin,and both together over-riding the Kalahari Craton margin also towards the SE.Progressive stress field rotation was punctuated by rapid and significant switches at ~530-525 Ma,~508 Ma and ~505 Ma.These three events included:(1)Culmination of main phase orogenesis in the Damara Belt,coinciding with maximum burial and peak metamorphism at 530-525 Ma.This occurred at the same time as termination of transpression and initiation of transtensional reactivation of shear zones in the Kaoko Belt.Principle compressive stress switched from NW-SE to NNW-SSE shortening in both Kaoko and Damara Belts at this time.This marks the start of Congo-Kalahari stress field overwhelming the waning Rio De La Plata-Congo stress field,and from this time forward contraction across the Damara Belt generated the stress field governing subsequent low-strain events in the Kaoko Belt.(2)A sudden switch to E-W directed shortening at ~508 Ma is interpreted as a far-field effect imposed on the Damara Orogenic System,most plausibly from arc obduction along the orogenic margin of Gondwana(Ross-Delamerian Orogen).(3)This imposed stress field established a N-S extension direction exploited by decompression melts,switch to vertical shortening,and triggered gravitational collapse and extension of the thermally weakened hot orogen core at ~505 Ma,producing an extensional metamorphic core complex across the Central Zone.  相似文献