Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhigao Sun  Xiaojie Mou  Xinhua Li  Lingling Wang  Hongli Song  Huanhuan Jiang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(2):129-148

Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies on C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.  相似文献   

我国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中 主要阴、阳离子的来源   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李宗省  何元庆  庞洪喜  杨小梅  贾文雄  和献中  王旭峰  院玲玲  宁宝英  宋波  张宁宁 《地理学报》2007,62(9):992-1001

运用海盐示踪法、相关分析、趋势分析等方法,对我国两处典型季风海洋性冰川(海 螺沟1 号冰川和白水1 号冰川) 积累区雪坑主要化学离子来源进行了综合分析,结果表明： 两冰川区除Na⁺ 是海洋源外,其他离子主要是非海洋源;Cl^-、NO₃ ^-、SO₄ ^2- 、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺ 非 海洋源所占的比重,在海螺沟1 号冰川依次为52%、99%、100%、98%、99.9%、83%,白水 1 号冰川依次为68%、99%、100%、98%、99%、59%;分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子的非 海洋源主要是大气环流远源物质和高原面物质输入,而白水1 号冰川除上述来源外,冰川区 近源物质输入对离子浓度贡献很大。两冰川区各离子具体来源存在较大的差异性并且阴、阳 离子来源的共源性较低,其主要原因是：(1) 冰川区内局地环境的差异,比如岩性、山谷风系 统、地形地貌等;(2) 两冰川区离子淋溶作用强度的差异,分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子淋 溶作用较强;(3) 不同离子的来源方式、沉降方式、自身化学特征以及沉积后过程不同所致。  相似文献   

饱和多孔岩石弛豫衰减对时间和温度的依赖性   总被引：19，自引：4，他引：15  

席道瑛  刘斌  刘卫  易良坤 《地球物理学报》2000,43(6):827-834

通过饱和多孔岩石的低频亚共振试验 ,得到了饱和多孔岩石的内耗峰是典型的弛豫峰的结论 .不同的饱和液体、不同的岩石导致不同的弛豫峰特征 ,饱和岩石的弛豫特性 ,是寻找油田、地热田和预测储层的物性基础 .试验结果表明 ,饱和多孔岩石都具有一个共同的特性---时间和温度的等效性 ,即降低温度与增加振动频率是等效的 ,这就是饱和多孔岩石的弛豫共性 .  相似文献   

Absorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Machine Oil by Exfoliated Graphite-Supported Nanometer TiO2 Material     

CAO Hong MA Enbao WANG Xuehua CHEN Jiazang BIN Xiaobei 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(2):285-289

By loading nanometer anatase onto exfoliated graphite with the sol-gel method, exfoliated graphite-TiO2 composite （EG-TiO2） can be prepared, which can adsorb oil and can also degrade oil. In a technologic condition for preparing EG-TiO2, the impregnated number of times is the most important factor to influence oil-adsorbing capability, that is, when the impregnated number of times increases, the amount of saturation-adsorbed oil decreases. The study of EG-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of machine oil based on the weight-loss method and infrared spectrum method indicates that EG-TiO2 has obvious effect of photocatalytic degradation for machine oil. Its performance is superior to pure nanometer TiO2 powder because nanometer TiO2 in EG-TiO2 has three-dimension laminar structure and comparatively high adsorption capability.  相似文献   

张家口—渤海地震带中小地震应力降分布特征     

贾炯  赵英萍  王亚玲  蔡玲玲  王莉婵  王宁 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(1):20-25

采用河北测震台网资料,分析了张家口—渤海地震带2008—2018年1220条ML≥2.0地震的应力降.结果表明,应力降可能与应力有关,并且随震级的增加而出现不同尺度的变化,该区域应力降优势分布为0.70—3.00 MPa.  相似文献   

长江三角洲气象数据实时共享技术研究与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

华韵子  邵玲玲  林红 《气象科技》2014,42(2):261-265

通过基于数据超市理念的气象数据实时共享技术研究,首次建成上海、浙江、江苏、安徽三省一市间互联互通的长江三角洲(长三角)气象数据实时共享平台。该平台设计并使用标准规范体系,建立基于分布式的数据管理模式,采用多层系统架构,实现物理上分布、逻辑上统一的长三角区域气象数据资源组织与共享。能有效支持短临天气预报对实时数据的高时效要求,支持灾害性天气移动观测、加密观测业务的数据共享,提高气象数据实时共享效率,降低数据更新分发的难度。  相似文献   

1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温事件的空间差异性分析     

香薇  程志刚  周波涛  宾昕  冯冬蕾 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(4):362-370

利用秦巴山区88个气象站1975—2016年的逐日气温数据,结合16个极端气温指数分析了秦巴山区极端气温阈值的空间分布及极端气温事件变化趋势的海拔依赖性。结果表明：极端气温阈值存在明显的空间分布差异,表现为极端低温阈值与极端高温阈值由西北向东南均有增温趋势;总体来看,极端气温暖事件（SU25、TR20、TX90P、TN90P、WSDI）增加幅度大于冷事件（FD0、ID0、TX10P、TN10P、CSDI）减少幅度,且变化趋势较冷事件更显著;全区霜冻日数、夏日日数、冷夜日数、暖昼日数及高温极值（TXx、TXn）变化均比较显著;区域作物生长期西部增长趋势较东部显著,多数站点变化幅度在3~6 d/10a之间;海拔越高发生极端低温事件的气温越低,极端低温阈值变化趋势为-0.36℃/100m;海拔越低发生极端高温事件的气温越高,极端高温变化趋势达0.5℃/100m,且均通过99%的信度检验;区域极端气温极值指数的变化趋势与海拔呈显著正相关,具有明显的海拔依赖性,表现为海拔越高,极值指数增加趋势越明显。  相似文献   

Review on observational studies of western tropical Pacific Ocean circulation and climate     

Hu  Dunxin  Wang  Fan  Sprintall  Janet  Wu  Lixin  Riser  Stephen  Cravatte  Sophie  Gordon  Arnold  Zhang  Linlin  Chen  Dake  Zhou  Hui  Ando  Kentaro  Wang  Jianing  Lee  Jae-Hak  Hu  Shijian  Wang  Jing  Zhang  Dongxiao  Feng  Junqiao  Liu  Lingling  Villanoy  Cesar  Kaluwin  Chalapan  Qu  Tangdong  Ma  Yixin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(4):906-929

The Western Tropical Pacific(WTP) Ocean holds the largest area of warm water(28℃) in the world ocean referred to as the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP),which modulates the regional and global climate through strong atmospheric convection and its variability.The WTP is unique in terms of its complex 3-D ocean circulation system and intensive multiscale variability,making it crucial in the water and energy cycle of the global ocean.Great advances have been made in understanding the complexity of the WTP ocean circulation and associated climate impact by the international scientific community since the 1960 s through field experiments.In this study,we review the evolving insight to the 3-D structure and multi-scale variability of the ocean circulation in the WTP and their climatic impacts based on in-situ ocean observations in the past decades,with emphasis on the achievements since 2000.The challenges and open que stions remaining are reviewed as well as future plan for international study of the WTP ocean circulation and climate.  相似文献   

Preparation and Structural Investigation of CuCl2 Graphite Intercalation Compounds     

Bin Xiaobei  Chen Jiazang  Cao Hong  Ma Enbao  Wang Xuehu  Yuan Jizhu 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5):1056-1060

Superfine graphite powder was prepared by ball-milling exfoliated graphite containing anhydrous CuCl2 in planetary ball milling systems. Nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds were synthesized by heating a mixture of anhydrous CuCl2 and graphite nanosheets. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were performed to characterize the microstructures of stage-1 nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds. The structure and components of the domain wall and core in the nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds are described. The results show that the content of CuCl2 in the mixture plays a crucial role in the size of the nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compound.  相似文献   

玛纳斯地震区地壳浅部构造特征探测研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

赵成斌  孙振国  顾梦林  杨晓平 《地球物理学报》2001,44(1):54-63

采用高精度的浅层地震勘控方法和先进的数据处理技术，查明了玛纳斯地震区玛纳斯背斜的浅部地壳结构特征，它主要由一个逆掩推覆构造和两个局部背斜组成，存在一条盲断层和两知地表出露断层，结合附近地质资料和钻井资料，确定了每条断层的活动年代，为进一步研究该区的深浅部构造之间的关系和玛纳斯地震的发震机制提供了可靠的浅层资料  相似文献