豫北一次局地雹暴天气的预警特征和触发机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

苏爱芳  梁俊平  崔丽曼  刘超 《气象与环境学报》2012,28(6):1-7

利用常规气象观测、多普勒雷达、卫星资料和区域自动站观测资料及NCEP再分析资料,对2011年6月11日豫北局地强对流天气的预报预警特征和触发机制进行分析。结果表明：局地强对流天气是在东北冷涡背景下产生的,高低层中尺度影响系统(槽、切变线、大风速轴)交汇处右侧是强对流发生潜势区。局地强对流天气发生前,CAPE较大,0-6 km垂直风切变达到中等偏强,有利于超级单体的形成和发展。高空冷平流南侵、低层暖平流北上,有利于大气对流不稳定度进一步加大。中-β尺度强对流云团在东北冷涡槽底后部形成,其发展演变对局地强对流天气预报预警有参考意义。强对流回波经历了细胞状、带状发展期和块状减弱期。回波带南侧形成的超级单体造成了局地强风雹天气,冰雹发生时伴有“三体散射”现象。冷空气和地面辐合线是强对流天气的主要触发机制;地面辐合线对强对流天气还有提示作用。  相似文献   

风电场风速降尺度预报方法对比分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李得勤  陈力强  周晓珊  杨森  王恕  崔锦  赵梓淇 《气象与环境学报》2012,28(6):25-31

使用中尺度数值天气预报业务模式9 km和3 km分辨率的模式输出产品,分别应用小尺度模式CALMET模式和双线性插值(BLI)方法将预报风速进行降尺度处理,并对比预报风速和风塔观测资料。结果表明：WRF模式9 km分辨率的模式输出经过CALMET模式降尺度以后得到的风速预报效果比3 km分辨率的模式输出略好。同时,由于中尺度数值预报模式分辨率本身较高,使用BLI也可以得到较好的风速预报。将风速分为0 m·s^-1≤风速<5 m·s^-1,5 m·s^-1≤风速<10 m·s^-1和风速≥10 m·s^-1共3个等级,检验3个风速等级的预报偏差百分比得出,CALMET模式和BLI方法对10 m·s^-1以上的大风的预报效果相对较差;如何对大风预报进行订正对风速预报准确率的提高具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

INTEX-B NO2排放源在中国地区的应用与检验          下载免费PDF全文

张敏  边海  韩素芹  张华  崔振雷  朱彬 《气象与环境学报》2012,28(1):65-70

将INTEX-B排放源应用到空气质量模型Model3-CMAQ中,对中国地区对流层NO₂的浓度分布进行了数值模拟,并与OMI卫星对流层NO₂资料进行了对比和验证。结果表明：将INTEX-B排放源应用到Model3-CMAQ模式,模拟的NO₂浓度在中国地区的分布、季节变化规律与卫星资料所得结果一致。敏感性试验表明,工业及电厂排放对NO₂的浓度贡献最大,而交通排放的贡献相对较小,两种排放均主要集中在京津、长江三角洲等经济发达地区。  相似文献   

开源GIS支持下的气象灾害风险区划分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱浩  樊彦国  武腾腾 《气象与环境科学》2012,35(3):33-40

近年来气象灾害频繁发生,给我国人民生活、经济发展带来严重威胁。灾害风险区划分析作为防灾减灾的基础工作,在我国逐渐展开。为探索一种基于开源GIS的县级区域气象灾害风险区划分析技术方案,首先分析开源GIS的发展状况,探讨了开源GIS的质量、性能及应用中需注意的法律因素等,而后以东营市河口区为例,选择QGIS、ILWIS等开源软件,基于区域灾害系统论构建不同气象灾害的分析模型及综合气象灾害分析模型,进行县级区域气象灾害风险区划分析,最终编制实验区气象灾害风险区划分级图。  相似文献   

Spatial and Quantitative Comparison of Satellite-Derived Land Cover Products over China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

GAO Hao  JIA Gen-Suo 《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,5(5):426-434

Because land cover plays an important role in global climate change studies, assessing the agreement among different land cover products is critical. Significant discrepancies have been reported among ...  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS Engine的矢量地理数据数字水印系统的设计和实现     

崔翰川  朱长青  杨成松 《测绘通报》2012,(7):82-84

用VS2005(C++)和ArcGIS Engine开发矢量地理数据数字水印系统。首先介绍矢量地理数据数字水印系统的实现方案;然后阐述基于ArcGIS Engine读取矢量数据的关键技术;最后实现对Shapefile数据格式的水印嵌入和提取操作,并给出可视化比较结果。系统的实现有助于降低开发难度,提高数字水印系统开发的灵活性和开放性。  相似文献   

基于PixelGrid系统的无人机影像空三加密及影像图制作     

孙浩 《东北测绘》2012,(8):203-204,207

探讨了基于PixelGrid系统下的无人机影像空三加密方法、工艺流程及正射影像图制作。  相似文献   

交通图表达模式和表示方法设计     

崔秀飞  王光霞  齐晓飞  马俊  冯骏 《测绘工程》2012,21(4):33-37

结合河南省交通图的设计与制作,重点对交通图的表达模式和表示方法等相关技术问题进行研究。提出交通图新的表达模式和表示方法,设计了新的交通图符号,并叠加在地貌晕渲上,突出了交通要素和重要通道。在此基础上对交通图插图的样式以及图面的整体配置进行试验研究,为今后交通图的设计与制作提供借鉴和参考。  相似文献   

A synergic algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical depth over land     

郭建平  薛勇  曹春香  张颢  光洁  张小曳  李小文 《大气科学进展》2009,26(5):973-983

In this paper, a novel algorithm for aerosol optical depth(AOD) retrieval with a 1 km spatial resolution over land is presented using the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) dual-view capability at 0.55, 0.66 and 0.87 μm, in combination with the Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) model, a product of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The BRDF characteristics of the land surface, i.e. prior input parameters for this algorithm, are computed by extracti...  相似文献   

A CLOUD-RESOLVING MODELING STUDY OF SURFACE RAINFALL PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH LANDFALLING TYPHOON KAEMI(2006)   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

崔晓鹏  许凤雯 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2009,15(2):181-191

The detailed surface rainfall processes associated with landfalling typhoon Kaemi(2006) are investigated based on hourly data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation. The model is integrated for 6 days with imposed large-scale vertical velocity, zonal wind, horizontal temperature and vapor advection from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) / Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data. The simulation data are validated with observations in terms of surface rain rate. The Root-Mean-Squared (RMS) difference in surface rain rate between the simulation and the gauge observations is 0.660 mm h^-1, which is smaller than the standard deviations of both the simulated rain rate (0.753 mm h^-1) and the observed rain rate (0.833 mm h^-1). The simulation data are then used to study the physical causes associated with the detailed surface rainfall processes during the landfall. The results show that time averaged and model domain-mean P_s mainly comes from large-scale convergence (Q_WVF) and local vapor loss (positive Q_WVT). Large underestimation (about 15%) of P_s will occur if Q_WVT and Q_CM (cloud source/sink) are not considered as contributors to P_s. Q_WVF accounts for the variation of P_s during most of the integration time, while it is not always a contributor to P_s. Sometimes surface rainfall could occur when divergence is dominant with local vapor loss to be a contributor to P_s. Surface rainfall is a result of multi-timescale interactions. Q_WVE possesses the longest time scale and the lowest frequency of variation with time and may exert impact on P_s in longer time scales. Q_WVF possesses the second longest time scale and lowest frequency and can explain most of the variation of P_s. Q_WVT and Q_CM possess shorter time scales and higher frequencies, which can explain more detailed variations in P_s. Partitioning analysis shows that stratiform rainfall is dominant from the morning of 26 July till the late night of 27 July. After that, convective rainfall dominates till about 1000 LST 28 July. Before 28 July, the variations of in rainfall-free regions contribute less to that of the domain-mean Q_WVT while after that they contribute much, which is consistent to the corresponding variations in their fractional coverage. The variations of Q_WVF in rainfall regions are the main contributors to that of the domain-mean Q_WVF, then the main contributors to the surface rain rate before the afternoon of 28 July.  相似文献