Dynamical Evolution of Gamma-Ray Burst Remnants with Evolving Radiative Efficiency     

Jin-Bo Feng  Yong-Feng Huang  Zi-Gao Dai  Tan Lu Department of Astronomy  Nanjing University  Nanjing LCRHEA  Institute for High-Energy Physics  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2002,2(6)

In previous works, a generic dynamical model has been suggested by Huang et al., which is shown to be correct for both adiabatic and radiative blast-waves, in both ultra-relativistic and non-relativistic phases. In deriving their equations, Huang et al. have assumed that the radiative efficiency of the fireball is constant. They then applied their model directly to realistic cases where the radiative efficiency evolves with time. In this paper, we abandon the above assumption and re-derive a more accurate dynamical equation for gamma-ray burst remnants. Numerical results show that the model presented by Huang et al. is accurate enough in general cases.  相似文献   

HYDROCHEMICAL STATE OF INTERMEDIATE CULTURE POND FOR CHINESE PRAWN JUVENILES     

臧维玲  张建达  戴习林  朱正国  徐桂荣  宋林华  李士华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(1):41-46

This study deals with the hydrochemical state and management measures for the intermediate culturepond for Chinese prawn (Penaeus orientalis) juveniles. The test result showed that the intermediate cultureof Chinese prawn juvenile can be advanced to around March 20 in the Shanghai area if they are culturedin ponds in simple greenhouses of plastic knitting cloth.The density of juveniles introduced was about35 million per hectare, survival was up to 55%.  相似文献   

地勘单位实行两个转变中的设备管理     

戴前华 《南方国土资源》1997,(3)

在实行“两个转变”中，地勘单位的设备管理要适应市场经济需要，紧密结合地勘单位在开发新产品、新工艺以及生产装备更新的需求，实现管理科学化、现代化、集约化，步入良性循环。  相似文献   

Seismic resilience assessment of corroded reinforced concrete structures designed to the Chinese codes     

Yu Xiaohui  Dai Kuangyu  Li Yushi  Li Bing 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(2):303-316

The natural landscape in China exposes many existing RC buildings to aggressive environments.Such exposure can lead to deterioration in structural performance with regard to resisting events such as earthquakes.Corrosion of embedded reinforcement is one of the most common mechanisms by which such structural degradation occurs.There has been increasing attention in recent years toward seismic resilience in communities and their constituent construction;however,to date,studies have neglected the effect of natural aging.This study aims to examine the effect of reinforcement corrosion on the seismic resilience of RC frames that are designed according to Chinese seismic design codes.A total of twenty RC frames are used to represent design and construction that is typical of coastal China,with consideration given to various seismic fortification levels and elevation arrangements.Seismic fragility relationships are developed for case frames under varying levels of reinforcement corrosion,i.e.,corrosion rates are increased from 5%to 15%.Subsequently,the seismic resilience levels of uncorroded and corroded RC frames are compared using a normalized loss factor.It was found that the loss of resilience of the corroded frames is greater than that of their uncorroded counterparts.At the Rare Earthquake hazard level,the corrosioninduced increase in loss of resilience can be more than 200%,showing the significant effect of reinforcement corrosion on structural resilience under the influence of earthquakes.  相似文献   

基于深度学习网络的地震地质灾害识别研究     

肖本夫  吴今生  毛利  顾铁  梁远玲  代友林 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(4):617-624

遥感影像识别方法是破坏性地震震后地质灾害快速、准确获取的重要方法之一,传统的遥感影像识别方法主要以人工目视识别方法和半自动识别方法为主,需投入大量的人力和时间。针对破坏性地震震后地质灾害解译时间长、投入人力多等问题,以2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级地震震后高分辨率无人机遥感影像为研究样本,提出基于深度学习网络的地震地质灾害识别方法。首先结合震后遥感影像解译资料和现场调查资料,提取九寨沟地震地质灾害无人机遥感影像特征,并构建研究区地震地质灾害解译指标和分类数据集;然后采用DeepLabv3+网络结构及softmax损失函数,建立基于深度学习网络的地震地质灾害遥感影像图像语义分割模型方法;最后采用半监督学习方法进行结果验证。研究结果表明,基于深度学习网络的地震地质灾害识别方法可有效识别九寨沟地震地质灾害分布信息,整体分类识别准确率为94.22%,F₁分数值为0.77,结果具有较好的一致性和准确性,可提升地震现场灾情获取和重点地震隐患识别等工作效率及服务能力。  相似文献   

云南巧家M_S5.0地震灾害特点与减灾对策分析     

南燕云  李亦纲  李永强  代博洋  刘亢  聂高众 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(4):750-755

2020年5月18日21时47分云南省巧家县小河镇发生M_S5.0地震,本文结合震区背景信息和现场调查结果,详细阐述了此次地震人员伤亡、房屋震害、地质灾害情况及致灾原因。分析认为,震区易发生小震致灾现象,与当地民居抗震性能较差、次生地质灾害严重、人口密集且居住地多位于山坡及山底等因素有关。为避免小震致灾,应提高震区及周边地区建筑物抗震能力,进行合理规划,迁移高风险区居民点。  相似文献   

2021年5月21日云南漾濞MS6.4地震的快速测定与数据产品产出     

戴丹青  孙丽  席楠  杨志高  邓文泽  黄志斌 《中国地震》2021,37(2):532-540

2021年5月21日21时48分（北京时间）云南大理州漾濞县发生M_S6.4地震。中国地震台网中心在震后8min发布正式速报结果,随后联合多家单位启动地震相关产品的应急产出工作,共产出地震基本参数、历史地震、地震构造、震源机制、仪器地震烈度和余震精定位等9类14种数据产品。产品结果显示,本次地震发生在川滇地块滇西地区,位于维西-乔后-巍山断裂地震带附近,震源机制解表明该地震为一次走滑型事件,断层呈SE走向,余震主要沿主震SE方向拓展约20km,深度主要集中在10km及以浅范围。该地震极震区推测烈度达到Ⅷ度,区域涉及太平乡、富恒乡、漾江镇和苍山西镇4个乡镇,面积约227km²。距震中9km处的强震台站记录到的三分量峰值加速度值均大于该地区的设防标准,表示该地震可能造成震中附近漾濞县的人员伤亡以及房屋破损,与灾情调查结果吻合。  相似文献   

Modeling net primary productivity of the terrestrial ecosystem in China from 1961 to 2005简   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

YUAN Quanzhi  WU Shaohong  ZHAO Dongsheng  DAI Erfu  CHEN Li  ZHANG Lei 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(1):3-17

Net primary productivity （NPP） is the structure and function of the ecosystem. NPP can most important index that represents the be simulated by dynamic global vegetation models （DGVM）, which are designed to represent vegetation dynamics relative to environ- mental change. This study simulated the NPP of China＇s ecosystems based on the DGVM Integrated Biosphere Simulator （IBIS） with data on climate, soil, and topography. The appli- cability of IBIS in the NPP simulation of China＇s terrestrial ecosystems was verified first. Comparison with other relevant studies indicates that the range and mean value of simula- tions are generally within the limits of observations; the overall pattern and total annual NPP are close to the simulations conducted with other models. The simulations are also close to the NPP estimations based on remote sensing. Validation proved that IBIS can be utilized in the large-scale simulation of NPP in China＇s natural ecosystem. We then simulated NPP with climate change data from 1961 to 2005, when warming was particularly striking. The following are the results of the simulation. （1） Total NPP varied from 3.61 GtC/yr to 4.24 GtC/yr in the past 45 years and exhibited minimal significant linear increase or decrease. （2） Regional differences in the increase or decrease in NPP were large but exhibited an insignificant overall linear trend. NPP declined in most parts of eastern and central China, especially in the Loess Plateau. （3） Similar to the fluctuation law of annual NPP, seasonal NPP also displayed an insignificant increase or decrease; the trend line was within the general level. （4） The re- gional differences in seasonal NPP changes were large. NPP declined in spring, summer, and autumn in the Loess Plateau but increased in most parts of the Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of simulated terrestrial carbon assimilation and canopy transpiration to different stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation schemes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Haishan Chen  Robert E. Dickinson  Yongjiu Dai  Liming Zhou 《Climate Dynamics》2011,36(5-6):1037-1054

  相似文献   

广西地震地下流体观测现状分析     

李柳英  史水平  陆丽娟  龙政强  黄树生 《华南地震》2011,31(3):112-124

简要回顾了广西地震地下流体观测发展历程,着重分析了广西地震地下流体观测资料质量.包括稳定性与连续性、动态特征、影响因素和信息反映能力,并对广西地震地下流体观测网存在的问题进行了分析,并提出改进措施及建议.  相似文献