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91.
Bakshi P. Bianchi C. Rajan S. Sivaprasad K. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1987,12(2):433-442
A simple direct inversion scheme for computing the velocity profile of an inhomogeneous slab from reflected data using the order-of-scattering method of solving the Riccati equation for a lossless medium is presented. Extension of this method to the estimation of the constant attention in a low-loss dispersive medium is also indicated. 相似文献
92.
Gariano S. L. Verini Supplizi G. Ardizzone F. Salvati P. Bianchi C. Morbidelli R. Saltalippi C. 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(3):2207-2225
Natural Hazards - Analyses of historical records of landslides and climate variables are useful tools to search for correlations between damaging landslide events and their triggers. In this work,... 相似文献
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Daniel Ariztegui María Martha Bianchi Julieta Masaferro Eric Lafargue Frank Niessen 《第四纪科学杂志》1997,12(4):333-338
Several high-resolution continental records have been reported recently in sites in South America, but the extent to which climatic variations were synchronous between the northern and southern hemispheres during the Late-glacial–Holocene transition, and the causes of the climatic changes, remain open questions. Previous investigations indicated that, east of the Andes, the middle and high latitudes of South America warmed uniformly and rapidly from 13 000 14C yr BP, with no indication of subsequent climate fluctuations, equivalent, for example, to the Younger Dryas cooling. Here we present a multiproxy continuous record, radiocarbon dated by accelerated mass spectroscopy, from proglacial Lake Mascardi in Argentina. The results show that unstable climatic conditions, comparable to those described from records obtained in the Northern Hemisphere, dominated the Late-glacial–Holocene transition in Argentina at this latitude. Furthermore, a significant advance of the Tronador ice-cap, which feeds Lake Mascardi, occurred during the Younger Dryas Chronozone. This instability suggests a step-wise climatic history reflecting a global, rather than regional, forcing mechanism. The Lake Mascardi record, therefore, provides strong support for the hypothesis that ocean–atmosphere interaction, rather than global ocean circulation alone, governed interhemispheric climate teleconnections during the last deglaciation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
96.
Matthew N. Waters Michael F. Piehler Antonio B. Rodriguez Joseph M. Smoak Thomas S. Bianchi 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2009,42(1):51-64
Lake Mattamuskeet, North Carolina, USA is a large (162 km2) and shallow (mean depth = 1 m) coastal lake, which was significantly modified to support agricultural activities following
European settlement in 1850. Paleolimnological proxies measured on a 400-cm sediment core collected from Lake Mattamuskeet
reveal shifts in organic matter input and primary producer community structure in response to climatic and human impacts on
the lake during the late Holocene. Stratigraphic changes in organic matter content, nutrients, metals, lignin phenols and
photosynthetic pigments were used to divide the sediment core into three intervals. Interval I includes sediment deposited
between A.D. 360–1584 and indicates a clear-water, sand-bottom state with low algal abundance. In addition, the lake catchment
area experienced two significant fires during this interval that were recorded as charcoal layers in the core around A.D.
360 and A.D. 1435 (calibrated 14C AMS dates). Trophic structure changed with the onset of Interval II (A.D. 1584–1860) when total algal abundance increased,
and the primary producer community was comprised primarily of diatoms, chrysophytes, cryptophytes and cyanobacteria. During
this interval there was also an increase in terrestrial organic material input into the lake as well as a shift in plant type
from woody gymnosperms to non-woody angiosperms as determined from lignin data. Sediment deposited in Lake Mattamuskeet following
European settlement (Interval III, A.D. 1860-present) suggests a dramatic increase in organic-matter deposition, metals, primary-producer
abundance and the onset of cyanobacterial dominance. Sedimentary evidence indicates that shallow-water primary producers can
respond rapidly to climate change and human development. 相似文献
97.
Monica Montefalcone Giancarlo Albertelli Carla Morri Valeriano Parravicini Carlo Nike Bianchi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(4):515-262
Using the Conservation Index, which measures the proportional amount of dead matte relative to live Posidonia oceanica, we assessed the health of 15 P. oceanica meadows at a regional scale along the coast of Liguria (NW Mediterranean). These areas were characterized by different degrees of anthropization, from highly urbanized sites to marine protected areas. Two different scenarios were identified according to depth: in shallow zones, the health of P. oceanica meadows was related to the degree of anthropization along the coastline. In contrast, in deep zones, most meadows exhibited poor health, independent of both the degree of disturbance and the legal measures protecting the area. Working synergistically with the regional impact of increased water turbidity, local impacts from the coast were recognized as the main causes of the severe regression of most Ligurian P. oceanica meadows. We conclude that marine protected areas alone are not sufficient to guarantee the protection of P. oceanica meadows. We emphasize the need for a management network involving the Sites of Community Interest (SCIs) containing P. oceanica meadows. 相似文献
98.
The influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon on monthly mean river flows of 12 rivers in the extreme south of South America in the 20th century is analysed. The original dataset of each river is divided into two subsets, i.e. warm ENSO events or El Niño, and cold ENSO events or La Niña. The elements of the subsets are composites of 24 consecutive months, from January of the year when the ENSO event begins to December of the following year. The ENSO signal is analysed by comparing the monthly mean value of each subset to the long-term monthly mean. The results reveal that, in general, monthly mean El Niño (La Niña) river flows are predominantly larger (smaller) than the long-term monthly mean in the rivers studied. The anomalies are more evident during the second half of the year in which the event starts and the first months of the following year. 相似文献
99.
100.
Partitioning of organic matter in continental margin sediments among density fractions 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Stuart G. Wakeham Elizabeth A. Canuel Elizabeth J. Lerberg Patrice Mason Troy P. Sampere Thomas S. Bianchi 《Marine Chemistry》2009,115(3-4):211-225
Hydrodynamic processes sort and redistribute organic matter (OM) and minerals on continental margins. Density fractionations were conducted on sediments from diverse margins (Mexico margin, Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River delta, Eel River margin) to investigate the nature, provenance and age of OM among density fractions. Mass, elemental (C and N), lignin, and surface area distributions, as well as stable carbon and radiocarbon isotopic compositions were measured. The lowest density fractions (< 1.6 g cm− 3) contained the highest organic carbon (OC) (up to 45%) and lignin concentrations (up to 8 mg g− 1) due to abundant woody debris, whereas high density fractions (> 2.5 g cm− 3) were OC-poor (%OC < 0.5) mineral material. Most sediment mass was found in the mesodensity fractions (1.6 to 2.5 g cm− 3) that contained the highest proportion of OC (up to ~ 75%) for each sediment. Stable carbon isotope compositions (δ13C − 25.5‰ to − 22.9‰) show terrigenous OC as a significant component of density isolates from the river-dominated sediments (Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River, and Eel margin), whereas the Mexico margin, least influenced by riverine input, was dominated by autochthonous marine OC (δ13C ~ − 21.5‰). Radiocarbon compositions of density fractions indicate significant pre-aged OC (Δ14C as low as − 900‰) in river-influenced sediments but not on the Mexico margin (Δ14C > − 200‰). Ratios of vanillic acid to vanillin (Ad/Al)v among lignin oxidation products increase with increasing particle density suggesting variable lignin sources or selective degradation of lignin among the different density fractions. 相似文献