利用SV分量接收函数反演地壳横波速度结构   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

邹最红  陈晓非 《地震学报》2003,25(1):15-23

详细讨论了远震体波SV分量接收函数的特点及其在反演地壳S波速度结构中的优势．与径向接收函数类似，SV分量接收函数可通过对远震体波的SV分量直接反褶积P分量获得．研究分析表明:与径向接收函数相比，SV分量接收函数的振幅随震中距的变化更加稳定，波形简单且突出了对结构最敏感的PS转换波信息．理论数值实验显示:在反演地壳S波速度结构时，SV分量接收函数比径向接收函数具有更好的收敛性．作为实例，利用SV分量接收函数反演方法反演了海拉尔台下的S波速度结构．   相似文献   

全球观测应力场的短波分量分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

黄玺瑛  魏东平  陈棋福  陈虹 《地震学报》2003,25(1):40-46

世界应力图(WSM，World Stress Map)计划的应力指标，目前已累积数据共计10 920个，这些应力指标代表了该地区最大水平主应力的实际观测方向；与此同时，可以假定全球各个板块的绝对运动方向表征了相应各板块的最大水平主应力方向的长波分量．根据应力场的叠加原理，得到由该地区局部构造运动等因素贡献的短波分量的相对大小和方向．将全球划分成2.52.5的基本单元，对每个单元的WSM数据进行加权统计分析，得到其平均应力观测取向，利用HS2-NUVEL1全球绝对板块运动模型计算应力场的长波分量；平均观测应力取向和长波分量取向之间的夹角，决定了相应短波分量相对于观测应力场的大小及其取向的范围，并反映了特定研究地区局部应力场对总应力场的贡献程度．本文的计算结果表明，全球板块的绝大部分地区及各板块的平均效果，长波分量与短波分量对观测应力场的贡献程度相当．对于某些大陆板块内部，局部构造活动对观测应力场的贡献起到重要作用，因而控制着地震的孕育与发生．   相似文献   

地震波研究://car          下载免费PDF全文

张海明  陈晓非 《地震学报》2003,25(5):465-474

回顾了近4年来中国地球物理学家在地震波研究方面取得的主要进展. 分别简要地讨论了层状均匀介质、横向不均匀介质和多孔介质中的地震波传播，地震面波及波形反演，以及地震勘探、测井问题中的地震波研究方面取得的新成果. 指出当前地震波研究的重要课题是发展高效的数值方法，并利用该方法开展复杂介质中的地震波激发和传播，以及强地面运动的研究，为精细的地震危险分析与预测奠定基础.   相似文献   

中国地震台网数字化改造的进展   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

刘瑞丰  吴忠良  阴朝民  陈运泰  庄灿涛 《地震学报》2003,25(5):535-540

介绍了九五期间（1996~2000年）中国地震台网数字化改造的进展和首都圈数字地震台网（1999~2001年）的建设情况，重点介绍了国家数字地震台网、区域数字地震台网和流动数字地震台网的台站分布、仪器配备和主要任务．   相似文献   

兰州地区深部电性结构的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨长福  林长佑  王书明  陈军营 《地震研究》2003,26(4):350-354

利用兰州地区现有的大地电磁资料，对该区的深部电性结构进行了初步研究。结果表明，兰州地区各地质构造单元的电性差异较明显，与区域构造有较好的对应性。  相似文献   

地震灾害现场救援搜索策略与搜索方法有关问题的讨论   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13  

顾建华  陈维锋  郝清源 《国际地震动态》2003,(6):6-12

对地震灾害现场的搜索策略和搜索方法等有关问题进行了讨论，推荐了常用的搜索策略，对不同搜索方法的利弊进行了分析；对搜索方法的使用也做了讨论。通过讨论，文章就搜索分队的组成、任务、装备和部署等提出了建议。  相似文献   

地震视应力用于震后趋势快速判定的可能性   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

陈学忠  王小平  王林瑛  张天中 《国际地震动态》2003,(7):1-4

对多次强震的地震视应力进行了计算，将各次强震的地震视应力的高低与强震发生后的后续地震的强度进行联系，探索它们之间的关系，进而提出将地震视应力用于强震震后趋势预测的可能性。对多次强震的地震视应力与其后续地震强度的关系的分析结果表明，低视应力的强震的后续地震的强度一般较低，即低视应力的强震发生后，震区发生较强的后续地震的可能性较小。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the atmospheric heat source and moisture sink over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the second TIPEX of summer 1998 and their impact on surrounding monsoon   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L. X. Chen  F. Schmidt  W. Li 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2003,83(1-2):1-18

Summary ?Using the data of 6 automatic heat balance observation (AWS) stations and a data set of 52 surface observation stations over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (“the Plateau”) and surroundings, the horizontal distribution is studied of “apparent atmospheric heat sources” 〈Q ₁〉 and of “apparent atmospheric moisture sinks” 〈Q ₂〉. The AWS stations were established during the period May to August 1998 of the Tibetan Plateau Meteorological Experiment (second TIPEX) by a cooperation of China and Japan. For this period the Plateau mean of 〈Q ₁〉 is positive. Its value of 74 W/m² is a little greater than a climate value and than values from MONEX and the first TIPEX in 1979, respectively. Also the corresponding 〈Q ₂〉 is positive. Hence during that time the Plateau is a heat source and a moisture sink. A day-to-day change of 〈Q ₁〉 and 〈Q ₂〉 is more pronounced over the middle and east part of the Plateau than over the west part. Diagnostics accompanied by numerical simulations are used to study the daily relationship between 〈Q ₁〉 over the Plateau and the weather over China and Asia for this summer. The results suggest that 〈Q ₁〉 may affect precipitation over northern China and position of the west Pacific subtropical high. Abnormal southward retreat of this Pacific high seems to have caused the second flood over the middle and lower Yangtse river basin in July. Received May 20, 2001; revised February 2, 2002  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of a South China Sea typhoon Leo (1999)   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

K.-H. Lau  Z.-F. Zhang  H.-Y. Lam  S.-J. Chen 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2003,83(3-4):147-161

Summary ?A South China Sea typhoon, Leo (1999), was simulated using the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model MM5 with the Betts-Miller convective parameterization scheme (BMEX). The simulation had two nested domains with resolutions at 54 and 18 km, and the forecast duration was 36 hours. The model was quite successful in predicting the track, the rapid deepening, the central pressure, and the maximum wind speed of typhoon Leo as verified with reports from the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO). The structure of the eye, the eye wall, and the spiral convective cloud band simulated in the model are found to be comparable to corresponding features identified in satellite images for the storm, and also with those reported by other authors. A trajectory analysis was performed. Three kinds of trajectory were found: (1) spirally rising trajectories near the eye wall; (2) spirally rising/descending trajectories in the convective/cloud free belt; (3) straight and fast rising trajectories in a heavy convection zone along one of the cloud bands on the periphery of the tropical cyclone. Both the HKO and the U.S. Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported the rapid deepening of Leo started around 00 UTC 29 April. In the model, the eye was first formed in the lower troposphere, and it extended to the upper troposphere within a few hours. We speculate that the spin-up of cyclonic rotation in the low-level eye enhanced the positive vorticity along the low-level eye wall. The positive vorticity was then transported to the upper troposphere by convection, leading to an extension and growth of the eye into the upper troposphere. To examine the impact of convective parameterization scheme (CPS) on the simulation, the Grell scheme (GLEX) was also tested. The GLEX predicted a weaker typhoon with a wilder eye that extended not as high up in the upper troposphere as BMEX. The different structures of the eye between the BMEX and GLEX suggest that the mesoscale features of the eye are dependent on the convection. In other words, the vertical and horizontal distribution of convective heating is essential to the development and structure of the eye. Received December 18, 2001; accepted May 7, 2002 Published online: March 20, 2003  相似文献   

Influence of Changes in the Prevailing Synoptic Conditions on the Response of Aerosol Characteristics to Land- and Sea-Breeze Circulations at a Coastal Station     

K. Krishna Moorthy  Preetha S. Pillai  S. Suresh Babu 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2003,108(1):145-161

The changes in the response of near surfaceaerosol properties to land- and sea-breezecirculations, associated with the changes in the prevailing synoptic meteorological conditions, are examined for a tropical coastal station. Aerosol properties are nearly similar in both the breeze regimes (land and sea) during seasons of marine airmass while they are distinct during seasons of continental airmass. As the prevailing winds shift from continental to marine and the ambient weather changes from winter conditions to the humid monsoon season, the submicron mode, which dominated the aerosol mass-size distribution, is largely suppressed and the dominance of the super micron mode increases. During periods of continental air mass (winter), the aerosol loading is significantly higher in the land-breeze regime, (particularly in the submicron range) but as the winds shift to marine, the loading initially becomes insensitive to the breeze regimes and later becomes higher in the sea-breeze regime, particularly in the super micron range.  相似文献