基于自适应采样粒度模型的空间方向关系模糊描述方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈迪  朱欣焰  周春辉  戴猷  佘冰 《测绘学报》2013,42(3):359-366

针对空间方向关系具有不确定性的特点以及现有的方向关系表达方法的局限性,结合模糊理论分析方向隶属函数的基本特征,建立基于非线性隶属函数的8方向模糊描述参考框架。分析空间目标间的距离、尺寸、形状等因素对方向关系的影响,提出空间目标的自适应采样粒度模型。在保证空间方向关系一致性的前提下,对空间对象进行采样处理生成合适大小的点集。在8方向模糊描述参考框架下,统计点集之间的8个方向模糊矩阵,得到空间对象之间在各方向概念上的隶属程度,实现空间方向关系的细节模糊描述。通过实例分析验证该模糊描述方法的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

Remote sensing image classification with GIS data based on spatial data mining techniques     

Di Kaichang  Li Deren  Li Deyi 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):30-35

Data mining techniques are used to discover knowledge from GIS database in order to improve remote sensing image classification. Two learning granularities are proposed for inductive learning from spatial data, one is spatial object granularity, the other is pixel granularity. We also present an approach to combine inductive learning with conventional image classification methods, which selects class probability of Bayes classification as learning attributes. A land use classification experiment is performed in the Beijing area using SPOT multi-spectral image and GIS data. Rules about spatial distribution patterns and shape features are discovered by C5.0 inductive learning algorithm and then the image is reclassified by deductive reasoning. Comparing with the results produced only by Bayes classification, the overall accuracy increased by 11% and the accuracy of some classes, such as garden and forest, increased by about 30%. The results indicate that inductive learning can resolve spectral confusion to a great extent. Combining Bayes method with inductive learning not only improves classification accuracy greatly, but also extends the classification by subdividing some classes with the discovered knowledge.  相似文献   

A fewest-turn-and-shortest path algorithm based on breadth-first search     

Yan Zhou  Weisheng Wang  Di He  Zhe Wang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):201-207

Many cognitive studies have indicated that the path simplicity may be as important as its distance travelled. However, the optimality of paths for current navigation system is often judged purely on the distance travelled or time cost, and not the path simplicity. To balance these factors, this paper presented an algorithm to compute a path that not only possesses fewest turns but also is as short as possible by utilizing the breadth-first-search strategy. The proposed algorithm started searching from a starting point, and expanded layer by layer through searching zero-level reachable points until the endpoint is found, and then deleted unnecessary points in the reverse direction. The forward searching and backward cleaning strategies were presented to build a hierarchical graph of zero-level reachable points, and form a fewest-turn-path graph (G*). After that, a classic Dijkstra shortest path algorithm was executed on the G* to obtain a fewest-turn-and-shortest path. Comparing with the shortest path in Baidu map, the algorithm in this work has less than half of the turns but the nearly same length. The proposed fewest-turn-and-shortest path algorithm is proved to be more suitable for human beings according to human cognition research.  相似文献   

一种利用分布式遗传算法的P2P负载均衡方法     

李鑫  张沪寅  吴笛  王晶 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2013,38(3):315-318,343

采用Gossip协议,利用节点之间周期性的拓扑维护消息交换负载信息,提出了一种基于分布式遗传算法的负载均衡算法.在适应度的评估中,结合网络的物理拓扑,以最小化虚拟节点迁移开销,并利用P2P节点并行处理种群,以克服遗传算法计算量过大的缺点.实验结果表明,该算法在求解速度与质量上都取得了较大的改善.  相似文献   

四川白玉Ms 5.4地震前陇南中心地震台水化异常分析     

狄国荣  高曙德  苏永刚 《地震地磁观测与研究》2013,(5):167-169

2013年1月18日四川省白玉县发生Ms5.4地震,临震前4天左右甘肃陇南中心地震台钻孔倾斜、数字化气氡观测资料出现短临异常现象.钻孔倾斜异常形态趋势转折,持续时间1天;数字化气氡异常形态,加速下降后回升,持续时间3天.  相似文献   

重力校正中存在的若干问题     

骆迪  刘展  李曼  张旺 《地球物理学进展》2013,28(1):111-120

目前我国所采用的重力校正中包括纬度校正、高度校正、中间层校正和布格校正四大校正,这种重力外部校正方法中存在大量的简化假设,以降低计算量,提高运算效率,这种简化假设使得重力校正中存在若干问题:1)由于大地参考椭球与重力正常椭球不一致而引起的纬度误差;2)由于垂直基准面不一致而引起的高程异常;3)地形和中间层校正中密度选择不合理使得重力异常与地质构造背景相左等.随着我国重力勘探力度逐步向西部山区转移和重力勘探精度的提高,这种以大量的简化假设为前提的重力校正方法,便成为制约重力勘探的重要因素.本文对上述问题进行了分析论述,总结了国内外学者针对这些问题所进行的研究,并提出了对未来研究方向的展望,即一种基于"正常空间重力异常"的重力校正方法,这一方法的中心思想在于通过建立大地坐标系参考椭球空间任意一点的正常重力公式,将重力异常直接计算到重力测点上,取消了传统重力校正中的四大校正,从而避免各种校正过程中存在的问题.  相似文献   

The Ecological Restoration of Heavily Degraded Saline Wetland in the Yellow River Delta   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bo Guan  Junbao Yu  Di Cao  Yunzhao Li  Guangxuan Han  Peili Mao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(7):690-696

As a result of discontinuous water flow, agriculture, and increasing urban use of fresh water affecting the natural wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, these areas have experienced significant degradation in the past two decades, ultimately diminishing the overall natural wetland land area in the region. This study aimed to address the issue of decreasing fresh water in the Yellow River Delta by studying the effects of three different approaches to restoration on long‐term wetland recovery. The results of the study demonstrated that soil salt and available Na contents significantly decreased in response to all three restoration treatments. Impacts of the restoration treatments were more significant in 2009 than in 2010, as shown by the high rate of activity in the reed debris group. The highest phosphatase activity of the experimental period was also observed in the reed debris group. Meanwhile, a marked variation in soil nutrient elements (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, and available potassium) was observed in the restoration treatment plots throughout the experimental period. TC and TN contents were generally higher in the restoration treatment groups than in the control group. Moreover, urease and phosphatase activity levels were highly correlated with one another, as well as with soil nutrient elements. In 2009, the yield of the Suaeda salsa plant was highest in the reed debris treatment group and lowest in the ploughing treatment group. The S. salsa plant did show a positive response to all of the different restoration treatments. Taken together, these results suggest that restoration approaches that implement ploughing techniques aided in the restoration of degraded saline wetlands.  相似文献   

基于景观格局的现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤有机碳储量估算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于君宝  王永丽  董洪芳  王雪宏  栗云召  周迪  高永军 《湿地科学》2013,11(1):1-6

利用2000年和2009年的TM影像数据,对现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地的景观进行分类,将其划分为9种景观类型.利用ArcGIS9.3软件,依据2009年黄河三角洲滨海湿地GPS土壤定点采样点的理化分析数据,计算出土壤有机碳密度,并进行空间插值,结合各景观类型分布面积,估算表层(0～30 cm深度)土壤有机碳密度和储量.研究结果表明,2000～2009年,研究区的总面积增加,土壤有机碳密度为0.73～4.25 kg/m2; 2000年和2009年的土壤总有机碳储量分别为3.43×106t和3.17×106t.各景观类型的土壤有机碳储量随着其面积的变化而变化,面积变化最明显的景观类型是滩涂、灌草地、农田和盐田养殖池,导致这种变化的原因是自然因素和人为因素共同作用的结果.减少和限制人类活动、保护表层土壤对黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤碳库的持续稳定发展非常重要.  相似文献   

贵州仁怀县震旦系灯影组古油藏成藏条件 及油气地质意义     

杨平  汪正江  贺永忠  杜秋定  刘家洪  张娣 《地质通报》2012,31(11):1894-1901

野外观察和研究表明,贵州仁怀县震旦系灯影组古油藏储层为一套碳酸盐台内浅滩环境沉积,主要岩性为砂屑云岩、鲕粒云岩、藻屑云岩和细晶云岩,沥青充填于白云岩晶间孔、粒间孔及岩石溶蚀孔洞内,呈黑色固态物质产出。固体沥青呈块状,质地坚硬,有污手性,镜下观察沥青具中间相结构和镶嵌状结构特征,实测沥青反射率为2.95%~3.86%,双反射明显,热演化程度高,显示储层在地质历史时期曾经遭受高温热演化作用。区域地质及沉积相分析认为,灯影组沉积晚期在上扬子地区存在一个边缘浅滩,并可能存在若干碳酸盐台内浅滩,这种沉积格局控制了滩相储层的发育与展布,震旦纪末期桐湾运动形成的古暴露对该套滩相沉积的颗粒云岩进行溶蚀改造,形成大量孔洞缝,并形成有利的储集体。震旦系陡山沱组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色页岩有机质丰度高、类型好,烃源岩的发育为古油藏的形成提供了丰富的物质基础,下寒武统巨厚的泥页岩组合为油气藏的形成提供了得天独厚的封盖条件,形成了良好的生储盖组合,灯影组和牛蹄塘组之间的不整合面提供了油气运移的通道,加里东运动早期黔中隆起的形成为油气聚集创造了条件。  相似文献   

自贡西部地区雷口坡组天然气成因类型与来源     

李延钧  曹利春  罗迪  杜本强  雷一文  黄亮 《四川地质学报》2012,(4):400-404

通过对天然气的组成和生物标志物的综合研究,依据实际地质条件,综合分析了自贡西部地区雷口坡组天然气的成因类型和分布规律。结果表明研究区雷口坡组存在三种来源与成因类型天然气:以须家河组来源为主的天然气,主要分布于雷三段储层中;以深层来源气为主的天然气,主要分布在雷一1段储层中;须家河组烃源和深层烃源的混合型成因气,在雷一段～雷三段储层中均有分布。  相似文献