A study of inherited zircons in granitoid rocks from the South Portuguese and Ossa-Morena Zones, Iberian Massif: support for the exotic origin of the South Portuguese Zone     

Jesús D. de la Rosa  George A. Jenner  Antonio Castro 《Tectonophysics》2002,352(1-2)

Trace element and U–Pb isotopic analyses of inherited zircon cores from a sample of Gil Márquez granodiorite (South Portuguese Zone, SPZ) and Almonaster nebulite (Ossa-Morena Zone, OMZ, in the Aracena Metamorphic Belt) have been obtained using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. These data reveal differences in the age of deep continental crust in these two zones. Inherited zircon cores from the Ossa-Morena Zone range at 600±100 Ma, 1.7–2 Ga and 2.65–2.95 Ga, while those from the South Portuguese Zone range at 400–500 and 700–800 Ma. These data support the “exotic” origin of the South Portuguese Zone basement relative to the rest of Iberian Massif. The young ages of inherited zircon cores and Nd model ages of magmatic rocks of the South Portuguese Zone are comparable to results from granulite facies xenoliths and granitic rocks from the Meguma Terrane and Avalonia and support a correlation between the basement of the southernmost part of the Iberian Massif and the northern Appalachians.  相似文献   

Trace elements in the Merensky Reef and adjacent norites Bushveld Complex South Africa   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nicholas Arndt  George Jenner  Maryse Ohnenstetter  Etienne Deloule  Alan H. Wilson 《Mineralium Deposita》2005,40(5):550-575

Trace elements were analysed in rocks and minerals from three sections across the Merensky Reef in the Rustenburg Platinum Mine in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa. Whole rocks and separated minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass-spectrometer (ICP-MS) and in situ analyses were carried out by ion microprobe and by laser-source ICP-MS. Merensky Reef pyroxenites contain extremely high concentrations of a wide range of trace elements. These include elements incompatible with normal silicate minerals as well as siderophile and chalcophile elements. For major elements and compatible trace elements, the measured concentrations in cumulus phases and the bulk rock compositions are similar. For highly incompatible elements, however, concentrations in bulk rocks are far higher than those measured in the cumulus phases. In situ analyses of plagioclase have far lower concentrations of Th, Zr and rare earth elements than ICP-MS analyses of bulk separates of plagioclase, a difference that is attributed to the presence of trace-element-rich accessory phases in the bulk mineral separates. We used these data to calculate the trace-element composition of the magmas parental to the Merensky Unit and adjacent norites. We argue that there is no reason to assume that the amount of trapped liquid in the Merensky orthopyroxenite was far greater than in the norites and we found that the pyroxenite formed from a liquid with higher concentrations of incompatible trace elements than the liquid that formed the norites. We propose that the Bushveld Complex was fed by magma from a deeper magma chamber that had been progressively assimilating its crustal wall rocks. The magma that gave rise to the Merensky Unit was the more contaminated and unusually rich in incompatible trace elements, and when it entered the main Bushveld chamber it precipitated the unusual phases that characterize the Merensky Reef. The hybrid magma segregated sulphides or platinum-group-element-rich phases during the course of the contamination in the lower chamber. These phases accumulated following irruption into the main Bushveld chamber to form the Merensky ore deposits.  相似文献   

Spatial, temporal and geochemical characteristics of Silurian collision-zone magmatism, Newfoundland Appalachians: An example of a rapidly evolving magmatic system related to slab break-off   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Joseph B. Whalen  Vicki J. McNicoll  Cees R. van Staal  C. Johan Lissenberg  Frederick J. Longstaffe  George A. Jenner  Otto van Breeman 《Lithos》2006,89(3-4):377-404

Silurian plutonic suites in the Newfoundland Appalachians include abundant gabbro, monzogabbro and granite to granodiorite and lesser quartz diorite and tonalite. Most are medium- to high-K, but included are some low-K and shoshonitic mafic compositions. Felsic rocks are of both alkaline (A-type or within-plate granite (WPG)) and calc-alkaline volcanic arc granite (VAG) affinity. Mafic rocks include both arc-like (Nb/Th < 3) calc-alkaline and non-arc-like (Nb/Th > 3) transitional calc-alkaline basalt to continental tholeiitic affinity compositions. ε_Nd(T) values range from − 9.6 to + 5.4 and δ¹⁸O (VSMOW) values range from + 3.1 to + 13.2‰.

A rapid progression from exclusively arc-type to non-arc-like mafic and then contemporaneous WPG plus VAG magmatism has been documented using precise U–Pb zircon dating. Earlier arc-like plutonism indicates subduction, while asthenosphere-derived mafic magmas support slab break-off, due to subduction of a young, warm back-arc basin. Contemporaneous mafic magmas with arc and non-arc geochemical signatures may reflect tapping of asthenospheric and subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) sources and/or contamination of asthenosphere-derived magmas by SCLM or crust.

The brevity (< 5 Ma) of the mafic magmatic pulse agrees with the transient nature of magmatism associated with slab break-off. The subsequent ca. 1 to 2 m.y. period of voluminous WPG and VAG plutonism likely reflects mafic magma-driven partial melting of both SCLM and crustal sources, respectively. Continuation of VAG-like magmatism for an additional 2 to 5 m.y. may reflect lower solidus temperatures of crustal materials, enabling anatexis to continue after mantle melting ceased. East to west spatial variation of ε_Nd and (La/Yb)_CN in Silurian plutons suggests a transition from shallow melting of juvenile sources proximal to the collision zone to deeper melting of old source materials in the garnet-stability field further inboard.

Previous work has demonstrated that geochemical discriminaton of post-collisional granitoid magmatism (PCGM) is difficult in the absence of other constraints. Our example should contribute to the understanding and identification of PCGM if it can be employed as a ‘fingerprint’ for slab break-off-related PCGM within the Paleozoic geological record.  相似文献   

Determination of Zr and Hf in a Flux-Free Fusion of Whole Rock Samples using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) with Isotope Dilution Calibration     

Joy E. Reid  Ingo Horn  Henry P. Longerich  Lance Forsythe  George A. Jenner 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1999,23(2):149-155

Isotope dilution calibration has been applied to the determination of Zr and Hf in whole rocks by laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS. Enriched isotopes were added during the preparation of flux-free, synthetic whole rock glasses and homogenised through a combination of grinding and fusion. This method avoids problems, such as solution instability and the chemical resistance of minerals such as zircon, inherent in acid digestion sample preparation. The use of isotope dilution removes the need for external calibration using certified reference material glasses such as NIST SRM 612 for which certified Zr and Hf values are not available. The precision of Zr and Hf determinations were found to be < 1% and 3.5% respectively, limited by Poisson counting statistics which contributed to 50% of the final precision of analysis. Measured values correlate closely with compiled literature values.  相似文献   

Discussion of “trace element geochemistry of Archean granitic rocks from the Barberton region,South Africa” by K.C. Condie and D.R. Hunter     

G.A. Jenner  B.E. Gorman 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1977,36(1):249-250

  相似文献   

Lu-Hf年代学研究——以大别榴辉岩为例   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

袁洪林高山  罗彦宗春蕾  戴梦宁柳小明 第五春荣 《岩石学报》2007,23(2):233-239

本文利用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)进行了同位素稀释法Lu-Hf年代学研究,建立了全岩Lu、Hf的分离条件。分离后Lu溶液中~(176)Lu/~(176)Yb大于30,分离后Hf溶液中Lu和Yb对Hf的干扰(~(176)Lu/~(176)Hf和~(176)Yb/~(176)Hf分别小于2×10~(-6)和2×10~(-4))采用指数法则进行校正。建立了MC-ICP-MS进行Lu、Hf同位素高精度准确测试的校正方法。天然样品中Hf同住素~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf的内部测试精度优于0.0015%,外部精密度优于0.0010%。应用本文建立的方法获得大别双河榴辉岩石榴子石-全岩Lu-Hf等时线年龄为254±16Ma(2σ)。年龄误差稍大与该样品石榴子石中较低的Lu含量(1.1μg/g)和石榴子石-全岩的未充分分开的~(176)Lu/~(177)Hf比值(分别为0.05和0.01)有关。  相似文献   

High U/Th partitioning by clinopyroxene from alkali silicate and carbonatite metasomatism: an origin for Th/U disequilibrium in mantle melts?     

S. F. Foley  C. M. Petibon  G. A. Jenner  & B. A. Kjarsgaard 《地学学报》2001,13(2):104-109

Clinopyroxene/melt pairs in strongly potassic silicate and carbonatite melts exhibit unusually high U/Th partitioning ratios of ˜ 3 and ˜ 2, respectively. These values are much higher than those found for aluminous clinopyroxenes in peridotite, and have the potential to cause significant (²³⁰Th)/(²³⁸U) isotope enrichment in volcanics. The potassic silicate (lamproite) and carbonatite melts correspond closely to the main agents of mantle metasomatism, indicating that clinopyroxene in metasomatized regions of the mantle may greatly affect U/Th disequilibria. Recycling of alkali pyroxenite veins in the oceanic lithosphere formed by solidification of melt in the extremities of the MORB melting region presents an alternative to eclogite recycling in MORB and OIB genesis.  相似文献   

一种快速获取城市地图更新增量的方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张保钢  高莉 《测绘通报》2008,(12)

提出一种利用城市地名审批成果,直接获取城市地图更新增量的方法。该方法省掉了新旧数据比对的工作量,简单、高效、可行,适用于地名审批主管部门的下属单位更新较小比例尺城市地图。建议相关部门加大地名审批管理力度,克服有些地物无名现象,共享地名公共资源,更好地实现城市地图的增量更新。  相似文献   

Tolerance of five species of tropical marine mussels to continuous chlorination   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Rajagopal S  Venugopalan VP  Van der Velde G  Jenner HA 《Marine environmental research》2003,55(4):277-291

The paper examines the relative lethal and sublethal response of five important tropical marine mussels (Perna viridis, Perna perna, Brachidontes striatulus, Brachidontes variabilis and Modiolus philippinarum) to different chlorine concentrations varying from 0.25 to 15 mg l(-1). The mussels were observed to co-exist in the cooling water circuits of a coastal power station that adopted intermittent chlorination as a fouling control technique. The five mussel species showed, in response to chlorination, 100% mortality at significantly different exposure times, indicating significant species-specific variability in chlorine tolerance. For example, at 1 mg l(-1) residual chlorine, B. variabilis and P. viridis took 288 and 816 h, respectively, to achieve 100% mortality. The time taken for 100% mortality decreased with increasing chlorine residual concentration. The effect of mussel size (= mussel age) of P. viridis, P. perna, B. striatulus and M. philippinarum on mortality was significant between 1 and 5 mg l(-1) residual chlorine, with larger mussels showing greater resistance than smaller ones. All mussel species showed progressive reduction in physiological activities when chlorine residuals were increased from 0 to 1 mg l(-1). However, species-specific differences in the relative rate of physiological activities were observed. Accordingly, relative reduction in physiological activities in response to chlorination was the lowest in P. viridis and the highest in B. variabilis. The data clearly indicate significant differences in the lethal and sublethal responses of the five mussel species to chlorination. The results, therefore, suggest that for effective fouling control, chlorine treatment against mussels has to be employed judiciously, depending on the mussel species involved.  相似文献   

Chlorination by-products in chlorinated cooling water of some European coastal power stations     

H.A. Jenner  C.J.L. Taylor  M. van Donk  M. Khalanski 《Marine environmental research》1997,43(4):279-293

Chlorination by-products (CBPs) are formed as a result of the cnlorination of power station cooling water for anti-fouling purposes. Their production was studied at 10 coastal power stations in the UK, France and The Netherlands. Three categories of CBPs were determined: trihalomethanes; haloacetonitriles; and halophenols. Bromoform was the CBP most abundantly present in the effluents of all 10 power stations. At a mean chlorine dosage of 0.5–1.5 mg/litre (as Cl₂) the mean bromoform concentration was 16.32 ± 2.10 μg/litre. The CBP found in second highest concentrations was dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN) with mean concentrations of 1.48 ± 0.56 μg/litre. Other CBPs detected were dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol; concentrations of these three compounds were very low (< 1 μg/litre). At those sites at which bromoform was measured in the dispersing effluent plume it was found to behave as a conservative parameter (Significant direct correlation with plume ΔT).  相似文献