2001年11月14日青新交界M_S8.1地震地表破裂带的初步调查   总被引：20，自引：5，他引：20       下载免费PDF全文

陈文彬  徐锡伟  张志坚  陈永明  何文贵  刘洪春  戴华光  陆鸣 《地震工程学报》2001,23(4):313-317

初步的野外调查表明,2001年11月14日青新交界8.1级地震的地表破裂带位于昆仑山南麓,西端可能终止于布喀达坂峰,东端点距青藏公路以东70km.主破裂带总长度可达350km,总体走向N80°～85°W.具明显的左旋水平走滑运动性质,最大左错量为6m.宏观震中初步定在库赛湖东约30km一带,震中区烈度定为Ⅺ度根据初定宏观震中的位置,建议将该地震命名为库赛湖地震.  相似文献   

地下水有机污染的水文地球化学标志物探讨——以河南油田为例   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

郭华明  陈艳玲等 《地球科学》2001,26(3):304-308

经过野外现场调查和取样分析及室内研究得知南阳油田地下水已遭受不同程度的有机物污染，且污染范围可能进一步向油田南部扩散。根据近似地下水流线方向上地下水中总油质量浓度和Fe,Mn等无机组分的变化势态，结合含水介质化学分析结果，发现硫酸盐、Fe和Mn可作为地下水有机污染和地球化学标志物。在含水介质中Fe和Mn质量浓度较高的地方，地下水有机污染物降解速度快，含水介质中Fe和Mn的氧化物和氢氧化物的还原作用导致了含水层介质中Fe和Mn的缺乏和地下水中溶解Fe和Mn的积聚；在含水介质中Fe和Mn质量浓度低的地方，地下水中的有机物质量浓度并没有降低，相应地地下水中溶解Fe和Mn的质量浓度也很低。同时，由于有机污染物的存在使地下水中硫酸盐被还原，导致城下水中硫酸盐质量浓度偏低，且地下水中Fe对有机物污染的敏感性比Mn强。  相似文献   

三角洲感潮河段洪潮水位频率分析方法的初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈俊鸿  黄大基  吴赤蓬  许扬生  宋军  梁国昭 《热带地理》2001,21(4):342-345

根据珠江三角洲感潮河段年最高洪潮水位存在长期上升趋势的事实，提出了河口区感潮河段洪潮水位频率分析一种新的计算方法，新方法的分析结果表明，未来不同年代同频率的设计洪潮水位各不相同，也存在相应的长期变化趋势。以灯笼山站为例，新方法计算的2030年和2050年的百年一遇设计洪潮水位分别为3.12m和3.28m，比传统频率分析方法计算的结果分别高出0.24m和0.40m。建立有关部门在制定河口区的防洪标准时，根据洪潮水位的长期变化趋势作相应的动态调整，以适应河口区洪潮水位变化的实际情况。  相似文献   

New progress of research on water cycle in atmosphere in China     

WANG Guo  JIA Shao-feng  YU Gui-rui  XU Juan  WANG Jin-xia  WANG Qiu-feng  GE Quan-sheng  HUANG Ji-kun  XIA Jun  LI Li-juan  JIN De-sheng  DONG Suo-cheng  WANG Jin-feng  HE Fan-neng  ZHANG Xue-qin 《地理学报》2001,11(4):480-489

New progresses are introduced briefly about the water cycle study on atmosphere of China made in recent years. The introduction includes eight aspects as follows: 1) precipitation characteristics, 2) stability of climatic system, 3) precipitation sensitive region, 4) regional evaporation and evapotranspiration, 5) water surface evaporation, 6) vegetation transpiration, 7) cloud physics, and 8) vapor source.  相似文献   

环洞庭湖区城镇体系发展研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

刘明  谢光辉  谢炳庚  罗为检 《地域研究与开发》2001,20(1):32-37

通过对环洞庭湖区城镇体系发展的历史背景以及现状特征分析，指出其发展过程存在着城市空间格局发展不平衡，产业结构重复严重等问题，在此基础上，提出了相应的对策与发展措施，确保环湖区内城镇体系的持续，快速发展，并最终实现带动区域经济发展的目的。  相似文献   

中国西北地区季节性积雪的性质与结构   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

魏文寿  秦大河  刘明哲 《干旱区地理》2001,24(4):310-313

中国内陆地区积雪分布十分广泛。根据西北地区大陆性气候条件下形成的“干寒型”积雪的特征 ,对中国天山和阿尔泰山山区的季节性积雪进行了观测与分析。结果表明 ,该区最大积雪深度达 15 2cm(1997) ,积雪层一般由新雪 (或表层凝结霜 )、细粒雪、中粒雪、粗粒雪、松散深霜、聚合深霜层和薄融冻冰层组成。与“湿暖型”积雪相比 ,“干寒型”积雪的性质具有密度小 (新雪的最小密度为 0 .0 4 g/cm3 )、含水率少 (隆冬期 <1% )、温度梯度大(最大可达 - 0 .5 2℃ /cm)、深霜发育层厚等特点 ,并且变质作用以热量交换和雪层压力变质作用为主。据中国科学院天山积雪与雪崩研究站 (43°2 0N ,84°2 9E ,海拔 1776m)的观测资料 ,中国内陆干旱区冬季积雪期雪面太阳辐射通量以负平衡为主 ,新雪雪面反射率达 96 % ,短波辐射在干寒型积雪中的穿透厚度达 2 8cm。春季积雪消融期 ,深霜层厚度可占整个积雪层厚度的 80 %。随着气温的升高 ,雪粒间的键链首先融化 ,使积雪变得松散 ,内聚力、抗压、抗拉和抗剪强度降低 ,积雪含水率也随之增大 ,整个积雪层趋于接近 0℃的等温现象 ,因此 ,春季天山、阿尔泰山等山地全层性湿雪崩频繁发生  相似文献   

不同灌溉对阜康地区冬小麦产量及土壤水分动态变化的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李国振 《干旱区地理》2001,24(2):189-192

根据阜康生态试验站试验小区1999－2000年冬小麦不同灌溉量控制试验，验证了冬小麦水分敏感期为拔节－灌浆期，探讨了该区冬小麦产量与灌水量之间的关系。提出了阜康地区冬小麦返青水应采用“小水”灌溉的方式。同时通过对小区冬小麦成熟期灌水过程不同深度土壤水分含量的动态观测分析，提出冬小麦在成熟期对灌溉水分的消耗利用集中在0－30cm土壤层内的观点。  相似文献   

Land use change in Bohai Rim: a spatial-temporal analysis   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

ZHU Hui-yi  LI Xiu-bin  HE Shu-jin  ZHANG Ming 《地理学报(英文版)》2001,11(3):305-312

Land use change is one of the important aspects of global change[1-3]. The Bohai Rim is a hot spot of economic development in China, where land use changes remarkably. Analyzing land use change in this area is significant to the research of global change and regional sustainable land use. Although there has been much work undertaken on regional land use change in China, it was mainly on urban land use change[4-11], and few researches integrated remote sensing and GIS method. Based on data f…  相似文献   

A darkling beetle population in West Texas during the 1997–1998 El Niño     

Richard J. Deslippe  Jesus R. Salazar  Yu-Jie Guo 《Journal of Arid Environments》2001,49(4):711

We examined the abundance and distribution of Eleodes extricata (Tenebrionidae) in a semi-arid region of West Texas. During the 2-year study, climatic conditions were extreme but opposite, with 1997 being unusually wet and mild, and 1998 being unusually dry and hot. These conditions were associated with striking differences in the population structure of the beetles. Under identical pitfall-sampling efforts, we captured 1562 and 671 individuals in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Capture rates were lowest in grassland, and highest in sand shinnery oak, and within the latter, they were lowest in blowouts, intermediate along the edges of blowouts, and highest under vegetative cover. Sex ratios were consistently female-biased, and the degree of bias increased from spring through fall in both years. These increases were more pronounced in 1998, with the sex ratios of early and late sampling periods differing by over four-fold, from 1·15 to 5·00. Females were heavier than males, and the dry masses of both sexes increased from spring though fall in both years. As with sex ratios, these increases were more pronounced in 1998. Only the largest beetles survived the drought, illustrating how extreme conditions can exert especially strong directional selection, and affect sex ratios in populations with sexual size dimorphism.  相似文献   

Residential Mobility and Urban Restructuring under Market Transition: A Study of Guangzhou,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Si‐Ming Li  Yat‐Ming Siu 《The Professional geographer》2001,53(2):219-229

Residential mobility can be conceptualized as an outcome of a choice process exercised under complex institutional and personal constraints. China's rather unique pattern of housing market segmentation under market transition impinges directly on residential location and relocation. Drawing upon data from a sample survey, this paper analyzes the pattern of residential moves resulting from commodity housing construction in a major Chinese city, Guangzhou. Most moves are of short distance, although the general direction is towards the urban periphery. Danweis and the municipal housing bureau, rather than the market per se, are the primary driving forces behind suburbanization in China today.  相似文献