惯性技术视角下动态重力测量技术评述(三):惯性导航与重力测量的融合     

常国宾  李胜全 《海洋测绘》2014,34(5):7-12

动态重力仪和惯性导航系统的核心元件都是惯性元件,即陀螺仪和加速度计(重力传感器可以认为是一种特殊的加速度计),因此重力测量与惯性导航具有紧密的联系。从比力测量、物理与数学平台、惯性手段辅助重力测量,以及重力辅助惯性导航等方面分析了重力仪与惯性导航系统的紧密联系。并对惯性导航与重力测量的融合应用进行了分析。  相似文献   

惯性技术视角下动态重力测量技术评述(一):比力测量与载体动态的影响          下载免费PDF全文

常国宾  李胜全 《海洋测绘》2014,(3):77-82

重力测量系统中测量的重力,即重力加速度,是一种特殊的加速度,因而重力传感器是一种特殊的加速度计。在动态场合,现代重力仪一般采用基于陀螺仪构建的各种平台为重力传感器提供姿态基准。因此采用加速度计和陀螺仪这些惯性元件的动态重力测量系统可以看做是惯性技术的一种具体应用。从惯性技术的角度对动态重力测量的理论和现状进行了分析。首先介绍了在地球表面附近进行重力测量时涉及的参考坐标系。然后详细推导了动态重力测量的基本理论,即比力测量理论,指出比力方程是动态重力测量和惯性导航的共同基础。最后对不同载体对动态重力测量系统的影响与要求进行了分析。  相似文献   

惯性技术视角下动态重力测量技术评述(四):无陀螺惯性导航与重力梯度测量的融合          下载免费PDF全文

常国宾  李胜全 《海洋测绘》2014,34(6):8-12

加速度差分式重力梯度仪与无陀螺惯性导航系统都采用一组在三维空间中布置的加速度计,二者在硬件配置和工作原理层面都具有紧密联系。从比力测量的空间差分公式出发,详细推导了重力梯度测量和无陀螺惯性导航系统共同的工作原理,指出当前对后者的研究中存在的忽略重力梯度的问题,并论述了二者的融合应用。  相似文献   

Spatial–temporal variations of spring drought based on spring-composite index values for the Songnen Plain,Northeast China     

Xiaoyan Song  Lijuan Li  Guobin Fu  Jiuyi Li  Aijing Zhang  Wenbin Liu  Kai Zhang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,116(3-4):371-384

A spring-composite index (s-CI) is proposed in this study that involves slightly altering the use of the accumulated precipitation from the composite index (CI) comparing the value with other three commonly used indices (standardized precipitation index, SPI; self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index, sc-PDSI; and CI). In addition, the spatial–temporal variation of the s-CI in the Songnen Plain (SNP) was investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) methods. The results indicated that the proposed s-CI could identify most drought events in 1990s and 2000s and performed relatively better than SPI, sc-PDSI, and CI in this region. Compared with the other three indices, the s-CI had a higher correlation with relative soil moisture in April and May. The recent spring droughts (2000s) were the most severe in April or May. The weather was drier in May compared with April in the 1980s, whereas the weather was wetter in May than in April in the 1960s and 1970s. Moreover, the spatial patterns of the first EOFs for both April and May indicated an obviously east–west gradient in the SNP, whereas the second EOFs displayed north–south drought patterns. The proposed index is particularly suitable for detecting, monitoring, and exploring spring droughts in the Songnen Plain under global warming.  相似文献   

MACROPORE FLOW AND MASS WASTING OF GULLIES IN THE LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA     

G. V. WILSON Mingxiang XU Yunming CHEN Guobin LIU M. J. M. ROEMKENS 《国际泥沙研究》2005,20(3):249-258

Due to the extensive gullying from historically excessive erosion in the loess plateau of China, much of this region is being converted to native grass and shrub vegetation. Tunnel scour and mass wasting are important gully erosion processes resulting from preferential flow through macropores （ pores 〉 1 mm diameter）. The objective of this study is to assess the changes with time in macropore flow characteristics of soils on the Loess Plateau following conversion to grass vegetation and the associated degree of mass wasting of gully faces. Ridge areas that had been revegetated for 1 year, 6 years, and 〉 15 years following tilling, and for 6 years following contour-ditching and the adjacent gully faces were characterized for their macropore and soil matrix properties on a 50 cm by 50 cm area. The total number of macropores increased from 11.6/m^2 to 39.6/m2 from 1 to 6 years and to 51.6/m2 after 15 years of revegetation following tillage. The macroporosity increased from 0.0008 m^3/m^3 to 0.0018 m^3/m^3 from 1 to 6 years of revegetation following tillage but the lowest macroporosity （0.0005 m3/m3） was 6 years of revegetation following contour-ditching. The contourditched area had the lowest infiltration rate （95 m/d） through the soil matrix （areas without macropores） with the tilled areas having similar infiltration rates regardless of the number of years of revegetation （averaged 146 m/d）. Due to tunnel scour erosion of macropores during infiltration into the area revegetated for 1 year, pore diameters enlarged by more than 200% resulting in this condition having the highest individual macropore infiltration rates （7967 m/d）. Macropores in all other areas were stable with no tunnel scour erosion of macropores. The total capacity for infiltration through macropores increased significantly with time following revegetation. The number of macropores on the gully faces was triple （92.8/m2） and the macroporosity quadruple （0.004 m3/m3） that of the ridge surfaces. The upper gully faces exhibited 1.1 slumps m^-1 for a total soil loss of 48622 kg per ha.  相似文献   

多型航空重力仪同机测试及其数据分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

欧阳永忠  邓凯亮  陆秀平  吴太旗  晏新村  常国斌 《海洋测绘》2013,33(4):6-11

介绍了运8飞机加装4型5套航空重力仪开展同机测试的整体情况,对5套重力仪所获取的重复线和测网成果数据进行了对比分析。试验结果表明,俄罗斯GT-1A航空重力仪具有最佳的综合性能技术指标,平差前测量精度为±2.45mGal;美国TAGS航空重力仪为其次,平差前测量精度为±3.9mGal;SII型船载海空重力仪可改造升级为航空重力仪,并具有与TAGS同等的综合性能技术指标;国内自主研发的SGA-WZ01捷联航空重力仪具有最佳的重复线测量精度,测网精度接近于GT-1A航空重力仪水平,平差前测量精度为±2.96mGal,另一款自主研制的GDP-1重力仪首次成功实现了航空重力测量功能,平差前测量精度为±4.52mGal。  相似文献   

冀北凤山盆地白垩系九佛堂组页岩气成藏潜力研究     

路魏魏  高亮  上官拴通  张国斌  田兰兰  李英英 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(5):12-17

基于以往钻井资料和相关测试数据,结合野外调查,初步分析探讨认为凤山盆地为一倾向北西的单斜构造,白垩系九佛堂组页岩层系总厚度大,上部频繁交替的致密泥质岩可作为良好的盖层,为形成页岩气藏提供了物质基础和保存条件,具备一定的页岩气成藏潜力。同时,周边地区中生代断陷盆地沉积环境多与凤山盆地类似,白垩系富有机质页岩沉积厚度大,且在已有油页岩钻孔有涌气显示,分析可将该页岩层系作为页岩气勘查突破的新方向。  相似文献   

山东南四湖水面蒸发实验研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

洪嘉琏  杜占德 《地理研究》1996,15(3):42-49

本文根据山东南四湖蒸发站1985-1990年的实验资料,分析了水面蒸发与气象因子、水体面积、水体深度、蒸发器结构和安装方式的关系,以及20m²蒸发池与各类型蒸发器蒸发量的关系,同时还分析了20m²池蒸发量的昼夜变化、年内变化、年际变化的特征。  相似文献   

福建宁德大泽溪地球化学异常特征及成矿预测     

曹国斌  傅怀林 《福建地质》2002,21(3):144-147

闽东火山岩地区是火山岩型银金，银铅锌矿的重要成矿部位，已先后发现了银金，银铅锌矿床，根据历年在闽东，闽北地区获得水系沉积物异常成果及进一步开展工作的认识，分析了宁德大泽溪以Bi为主的Bi,Ag,Pb,Zn,As,Au地球化学综合异常和Bi元素的找矿指示意义，预测大泽溪综合异常具有中低温火山岩型银铅锌矿的找矿前景。  相似文献   

基于AHP法的宁夏南部中小学地震应急避难场所减灾能力评估研究     

李自芮  马翀之  李国斌  余思汗 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(3):537-547

地震应急避难场所在应对灾害事件和提高城市综合防灾能力、减轻灾害影响、增强政府应急管理工作能力等方面发挥着重大的作用。本文运用AHP法，在遵循科学性、优化性和完整性原则的基础上，构建一个包含4个一级指标和24个二级指标的中小学地震应急避难场所减灾能力指标体系；并参照《地震应急避难场所运行管理指南》（GB/T 33744—2017）中对地震应急避难场所的启用、运行和管理等方面的要求，建立中小学地震应急避难场所减灾能力综合评价模型，根据专家问卷调查资料，计算并分析各指标的相对权重及结果，将其应用在宁夏南部高烈度区中小学校进行能力检验。结果表明，宁夏南部中小学地震应急避难场所减灾能力相对较弱，应加强该区域中小学地震应急避难场所的建设，提升防范和应对地震灾害的能力。  相似文献