Hydraulic parameters of a multilayered aquifer system in Kuwait City     

Shabbir A. S. Sayed  Hamid S. Saeedy  Ferenc Sz  kely 《Journal of Hydrology》1992,130(1-4):49-70

The Kuwait Group consists mainly of clastic sediments overlying unconformably the Dammam Formation of Tertiary age. The Kuwait Group is generally divided into three main hydrostratigraphic units: the upper and lower aquifers separated by an aquitard. The upper aquifer is further divided into the water table aquifer, an aquitard and a semiconfined aquifer. This semiconfined unit was pumped and the drawdowns were observed in piezometers screened in various subunits of the Kuwait Group. Some pumping tests of short duration were carried out in the top water table aquifer as well. These tests showed that the subunits of the Kuwait Group are hydraulically interconnected to a varying degree.

The pumping test data were analysed using conventional analytical solutions. The semiconfined pumping test was also simulated by a quasi-three-dimensional model using a leaky multiaquifer modelling technique. The initial hydraulic parameters were improved manually in the model till best fit drawdowns were obtained.

The final parameters obtained by simulation of the pumping tests were used in designing a pilot drainage system for the control of a rising groundwater table in parts of Kuwait City.  相似文献   

Distinguished New Zealand Geographer: Professor Andrew Sturman          下载免费PDF全文

Peyman Zawar‐Reza 《New Zealand geographer》2017,73(1):58-59

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Recent warming trend in the coastal region of Qatar     

Way?Lee?Cheng  Ayman?Saleem  Reza?SadrEmail author 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,128(1-2):193-205

The objective of this study was to analyze long-term temperature-related phenomena in the eastern portion of the Middle East, focusing on the coastal region of Qatar. Extreme temperature indices were examined, which were defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, for Doha, Qatar; these indices were then compared with those from neighboring countries. The trends were calculated for a 30-year period (1983–2012), using hourly data obtained from the National Climatic Data Center. The results showed spatially consistent warming trends throughout the region. For Doha, 11 of the 12 indices studied showed significant warming trends. In particular, the warming trends were represented by an increase in the number of warm days and nights and a decrease in the number of cool nights and days. The high-temperature extremes during the night have risen at more than twice the rate of their corresponding daytime extremes. The intensity and frequency of hot days have increased, and the minimum temperature indices exhibited a higher rate of warming. The climatic changes in Doha are consistent with the region-wide heat-up in recent decades across the Middle East. However, the rapid economic expansion, increase of population since the 1990s, and urban effects in the region are thought to have intensified the rapidly warming climate pattern observed in Doha since the turn of the century.  相似文献   

Streamflow trend analysis by considering autocorrelation structure,long-term persistence,and Hurst coefficient in a semi-arid region of Iran   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Reza?ZamaniEmail author  Rasoul?Mirabbasi  Sajjad?Abdollahi  Deepak?Jhajharia 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(1-2):33-45

Due to the substantial decrease of water resources as well as the increase in demand and climate change phenomenon, analyzing the trend of hydrological parameters is of paramount importance. In the present study, investigations were carried out to identify the trends in streamflow at 20 hydrometric stations and 11 rainfall gauging stations located in Karkheh River Basin (KRB), Iran, in monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales during the last 38 years from 1974 to 2011. This study has been conducted using two versions of Mann–Kendall tests, including (i) Mann–Kendall test by considering all the significant autocorrelation structure (MK3) and (ii) Mann–Kendall test by considering LTP and Hurst coefficient (MK4). The results indicate that the KRB streamflow trend (using both test versions) has decreased in all three time scales. There is a significant decreasing trend in 78 and 73 % of the monthly cases using the MK3 and MK4 tests, respectively, while these percentages changed to 80 and 70 % on seasonal and annual time scales, respectively. Investigation of the trend line slope using Theil–Sen’s estimator showed a negative trend in all three time scales. The use of MK4 test instead of the MK3 test has caused a decrease in the significance level of Mann–Kendall Z-statistic values. The results of the precipitation trends indicate both increasing and decreasing trends. Also, the correlation between the area average streamflow and precipitation shows a strong correlation in annual time scale in the KRB.  相似文献   

Landslide susceptibility modeling in a landslide prone area in Mazandarn Province,north of Iran: a comparison between GLM,GAM, MARS,and M-AHP methods     

Pourghasemi  Hamid Reza  Rossi  Mauro 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,130(1-2):609-633

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Landslides are identified as one of the most important natural hazards in many areas throughout the world. The essential purpose of this study is to compare...  相似文献   

Conventional vs. modified pseudo-dynamic seismic analyses in the shallow strip footing bearing capacity problem     

Soufi  Ghazal Rezaie  Chenari  Reza Jamshidi  Javankhoshdel  Sina 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(4):993-1006

The conventional pseudo-dynamic(CPD) and modified pseudo-dynamic(MPD) methods are invoked to obtain the seismic bearing capacity of strip foundations using the limit equilibrium method, with a two-wedge failure mechanism.A spectral version of the conventional pseudo-dynamic method(SPD) is also invoked by considering the ground motion amplification factor, to be a function of the non-dimensional frequency λ/B and soil damping. Numeric analyses show that bearing capacity results obtained by the MPD and SPD methods are generally consistent. Both experience the same general reduction in bearing capacity with the increase of λ/B, with successive ups and downs corresponding to soil′s natural frequencies. For 5λ/B10, SPD and MPD results fluctuated between falling above and below CPD results. For λ/B2.5, SPD and MPD results were consistent with attenuation of the shear wave, while for 10λ/B, amplification was exhibited. Results obtained by the CPD method monotonically decrease, due to the fact that CPD fails to inherently consider site effects and damping, and instead and relies on a single factor to consider the ground motion amplification.  相似文献   

Geomorphological investigation of possible impact evidences for the crater-shaped structure of Zirouki in Samsour Desert, SE Iran     

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar  Ali Bagherzadeh 《Earth Science Informatics》2013,6(4):241-252

Despite the extensive records on geomorphological studies in Iran, meteorite impact craters have so far not been considered in to account. Based on both remote sensing technique and field work we have recognized the circular structure of Zirouki crater in the Samsour desert, southeast of Iran, which if confirmed as an impact structure, would be the third impact structure candidate in the Middle East after the Wabar craters in Saudia Arabia and Jebel Waqf as Suwwan in Jordan. Geomorphological investigation of the possible impact structure of Zirouki crater was done based on multi criteria methodology including of geological, topographical, geophysical and petrographical studies. Among different studies, topographical investigation indicated that the crater shape morphology was quite obvious with a central uplift projection; as well geophysical pattern provided very strong evidence for possible impact structure, indicating the presence of circular negative gravity anomaly at the whole of the crater.  相似文献   

Evaluating sampling locations in river water quality monitoring networks: application of dynamic factor analysis and discrete entropy theory   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Milad Memarzadeh  Najmeh Mahjouri  Reza Kerachian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(6):2577-2585

In this paper, a methodology is proposed for evaluating sampling locations in an existing river water quality monitoring network. The dynamic factor analysis is utilized to extract the independent dynamic factors from time series of water quality variables. Then, the entropy theory is applied to the independent dynamic factors to construct transinformation–distance (T–D) curves. The computation time in the case of using dynamic factors is significantly less than when the raw data is used because the number of independent dynamic factors is usually much less than the number of monitored water quality variables. In this paper, it is also shown that by clustering the study area to some homogenous zones and developing T–D curves for each zone, the accuracy of the results is significantly increased. To evaluate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed methodology, it is applied to the Karoon River which is the most important river system in Iran.  相似文献   

Investigation of rock quality of Shirinrud dam site by engineering seismology     

Yousef Ghanbari  Hamid Reza Ramazi  Kaveh Pazand  Nooshin Madani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(1):177-185

At this paper, we studied about the rock quality of Shirinrud dam site by engineering seismology. Shirinrud dam site is located 80 km far from Kerman and 18 km far from Hojadk village. The dam and its constructions are established in the Bidu Formation which consists of seven rock units, and the refraction profiles were surveyed on Jb_3/2, Jb₄, and Jb₅ rock units. To evaluate the rock mass quality and basement topography at this site, nine refraction seismic profiles by primary waves and two refraction seismic profiles by secondary waves were surveyed. We used some methods such as Palmer method, the reciprocal method, plus–minus method, etc. to process and interpret data. Based on investigations, primary wave velocity in unit Jb_3/2 varies between 2,100 and 2,200 m/s, in unit Jb₄ is between 2,100 and 4,200 m/s, and in unit Jb₅ is between 2,500 and 3,000 m/s. The Q values on these three units are 0.05, 1.2, and 1.9, and the rock mass rating (RMR) values are 27.1, 40.5, and 33.5, respectively. With respect to wave velocity, Q, and RMR values, the units Jb_3/2, Jb₄, and Jb₅ are evaluated as very weak, intermediate, and weak, respectively.  相似文献   

Prediction of drought in dry lands through feedforward artificial neural network abilities     

Hossein Bari Abarghouei  Mohammad Reza Kousari  Mohammad Amin Asadi Zarch 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(5):1417-1433

Drought is one of the most important natural hazards in Iran. It is especially more prevalent in arid and hyper arid regions where there are serious limitations in regard to providing sufficient water resources. On the other hand, drought modeling and particularly its prediction can play important role in water resources management under conditions of lack of sufficient water resources. Therefore, in this study, drought prediction in a hyper arid location of Iran (Ardakan region) has been surveyed based on the abilities of artificial neural. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in different time scales (3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 monthly time series) computed based on the data gathered from four rain gauge stations. After evaluation and testing of different artificial neural networks (ANN) structures, gradient descent back propagation (traingd) network showed higher abilities than others. Then, the predictions of SPI time series with different monthly lag times (1:12 months) were tested. Generally, drought prediction by ANNs in the Ardakan region has shown considerable results with the correlation coefficient (R) more than 0.79 and in the most cases and it rises more than 0.90, which indicates the ANN’s ability of drought prediction.  相似文献