Simultaneous Organic Matter and Nitrogen Removal from Piggery Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using Bioaugmented Gaslift Membrane Bioreactor     

Nguyen Duc Toan  Nguyen Van Tuyen  Pham Bang Hai  Nguyen Thi Hoang Ha  Do Tien Anh  Bach Quang Dung 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(1):2200106

A single bioaugmentation reactor and a side-stream gaslift membrane bioreactor combined with bioaugmentation are conducted to treat real wastewater from a centralized piggery slaughterhouse in Vietnam. The bioaugmented reactor is inoculated with heterotrophic microorganisms (Bacillus sp.) isolated from piggery slaughterhouse wastewater. The results of a single bioaugmentation experiment show high removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (84.8%–97.5%) and total nitrogen (TN) (69.9%–87.2%) at loading rates of 1.28–3.89 and 0.14–0.37 kg m⁻³ d⁻¹, respectively. The combined system demonstrates a significantly higher TN removal efficiency (89.0%–96.1%) (p < 0.001), more stable flux (36.0–38.4 L m⁻² h⁻¹), and transmembrane pressure (0.95–1.05 bar), and better capacity of separation of solid–liquid phases compared to the single bioaugmentation. High COD and TN removal efficiency is possibly due to assimilation and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification processes. The results of this study also indicate the feasibility and propitious efficiency of the bioaugmented gaslift membrane bioreactor for piggery slaughterhouse wastewater treatment.  相似文献   

关于构建我国海上目标识别与监视系统的思考          下载免费PDF全文

曹海  李丹  彭伟  徐晓丹  王厚军 《海洋开发与管理》2021,38(3):14-18

文章针对我国管辖海域监控体系面临的挑战和实际需求,从涉海管理业务分类、技术能力储备等多个角度进行现状分析,探索切实可行的技术路线,提出构建“天、空、船、岸”一体化综合监视体系的设计思路和架构体系,最终形成可覆盖我国全部管辖海域,具备大范围早期预警和连续跟踪监视能力的海上目标识别与监视系统。  相似文献   

Climate change and soil erosion in a small alpine lake basin on the Loess Plateau,China          下载免费PDF全文

Keke Yu  Hai Xu  Jianghu Lan  Enguo Sheng  Bin Liu  Huixian Wu  Liangcheng Tan  Kevin M. Yeager 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(8):1238-1247

Multi‐proxy indices retrieved from sediments in Lake Chaonaqiu, an alpine lake on the western Loess Plateau (LP) of China, were used to reconstruct a precipitation history over the last ~300 years. The results correlate well with records from tree rings and historical documents in neighboring regions. We show that the lake oscillated between two states, i.e. wetter climatic conditions, which favored denser vegetation cover, and promoted weaker catchment soil erosion; and drier climatic conditions, which lead to less vegetation coverage, correlate with stronger surface soil erosion. Several intensive soil erosion events were identified in the sediment cores, and most of these occurred during decadal/multi‐decadal dry periods, and correlate well with flood events documented in historical literature. The results of this study show that soil erosion by flood events is particularly intense during dry periods, and further highlights the role of vegetation cover in the conservation of water and soil in small lake basins on the Chinese LP. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

瞬变电磁波场转换算法的改进          下载免费PDF全文

薛俊杰  钟华森  李海  李貅  底青云  王贺元  佟昭成 《地球物理学报》2018,61(12):5077-5083

地球物理电磁场数据与虚拟地震波场数据之间存在数学上的等效转换关系,通过这种等效转换,可有效提高地球物理电磁法对地下目标体分界面的辨识度.但是这种转换在数学上属于不适定问题,可采用奇异值分解法处理.由于大奇异值控制计算矩阵的主要信息,小的奇异值控制计算矩阵的次要信息,传统的截断奇异值分解法只保留大奇异值,而忽略小的奇异值,导致数值解不够精确.本文提出一种新的修正方案——改进截断奇异值法,采用岭估计方法计算由小的奇异值引起的虚拟波场.模型计算结果表明：改进截断奇异值法比传统的奇异值分解法得到的波场转换结果更好,对某煤矿采空区探测数据进行了处理,成功分辨出采空区分界面.  相似文献   

太湖水体氮素污染状况研究进展   总被引：33，自引：15，他引：18  

吴雅丽  许海  杨桂军  朱广伟  秦伯强 《湖泊科学》2014,26(1):19-28

氮是引起湖泊富营养化的关键要素之一.传统观点认为氮缺乏时,湖泊生态系统可以通过生物固氮作用从大气中获取氮来满足自身的需求,因此认为淡水湖泊水体的生产力主要受磷限制.但随着进一步的研究,发现氮限制与氮和磷共同限制更为普遍,且氮的限制常常伴随着水体的富营养化,因此了解富营养化湖泊水体的氮素污染状况具有重要意义.本文介绍了太湖水体氮素的污染状况及其发展趋势,从外源、内源两大方面介绍了太湖水体中氮素的来源,着重分析和比较了河道输入、大气输入以及沉积物释放不同污染源的输入比例.太湖水体氮素污染存在很大的空间差异,其中西部和北部污染较重而东南部相对较轻,入湖河道输入的外源污染是造成太湖水质空间分布差异的主要原因,其中农业面源污染及生活污染在太湖外源污染中占据了相当的比重;湖泊底泥所造成的内源释放也是氮素污染的一个重要原因,但目前对释放量的估算主要是基于底泥悬浮引起的总量估算,关于这些释放量能有多少比例可以被浮游植物利用还不清楚,尤其是有机颗粒物在水体中停留期间的矿化再生值得进一步研究;在氮素的生物转化过程中,生物固氮目前对太湖氮素输入的贡献很小,反硝化作用是太湖水体氮素自净的主要途径.  相似文献   

Geochemical and geochronological studies of the Muong Hum alkaline granitic pluton from the Phan Si Pan Zone,northwest Vietnam: Implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting          下载免费PDF全文

Pham Minh  Pham T. Hieu  Nguyen K. Hoang 《Island Arc》2018,27(4)

The Phan Si Pan zone in northwest Vietnam is an important tectonic unit for understanding the geological evolution of the southeast Asian Block. Numerous late Permian A‐type granites outcrop in this zone. In this study, new geochemical and geochronological data derived from the Muong Hum alkaline granitic pluton in the Phan Si Pan zone were investigated for its petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Zircon U–Pb analyses of three samples yielded ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of (251.1 ±3.5) Ma, (251.2 ±3.8) Ma, and (253.9 ±1.5) Ma, respectively, coinciding with the ages of the acid member of magma from Emeishan large igneous province, southwest China. The Muong Hum granite has 10 000 × Ga/Al and A/CNK values of 4.70–4.93 and 0.87–0.90, respectively, as well as negative Eu anomalies. It shows significant depletion of Ba, Sr, Ti, and P, similar to features of A‐type granite. Zircons have positive ε_Hf(t) values (+1.9 to +8.6) and Hf model ages (T_DM1) of 595–846 Ma, originating a mantle source. Compared with the Panzhihua A‐type granite of the southwest China domain and other A‐type plutons of the Phan Si Pan zone, including Ye Yen Sun, Phu Sa Phin, Nam Xe, Tam Duong Phan Si Pan, and Taihe, the geochemical characteristics and zircon Hf isotopic compositions of the Muong Hum granite demonstrate an affinity of mantle magma. It is believed that the Phan Si Pan zone is an important part of Emeishan large igneous province. It was reworked by the Cenozoic Aillaoshan‐Red River shear fault to its present location.  相似文献   

河蟹养殖池塘微囊藻水华毒性及其光合作用活性特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李大命  周军  唐晟凯  李旭光  林海  张彤晴  周刚 《湖泊科学》2015,27(1):113-118

苏州市吴中区一河蟹养殖池塘在2013年7月和8月发生了严重的微囊藻水华.采用单一和双重PCR扩增微囊藻毒素合成酶基因,用以检测微囊藻水华是否产毒,结果显示为阳性.同时,采用高效液相色谱测定微囊藻水华的毒性大小.结果表明:7月和8月微囊藻水华的胞内微囊藻毒素浓度分别为1.49和0.88μg/L,胞外微囊藻毒素的浓度分别为0.75和1.09μg/L.另外,采用浮游植物荧光仪Phyto-PAM测定河蟹养殖水体形成水华的微囊藻的光合作用活性.结果显示:7月和8月水华微囊藻的最大光量子产量Fv/Fm分别为0.48和0.44,实际光量子产量ΦPSII分别为0.38和0.32,表明形成水华的微囊藻有较高的生长潜力.非光化学荧光淬灭值NPQ分别为0.28和0.36.从快速光响应曲线RLC的特征参数来看,7月水华微囊藻的光合作用活性和光能利用效率高于8月.本研究结果表明,河蟹养殖池塘水体受到微囊藻水华和微囊藻毒素的污染,进而可能对河蟹食品安全构成潜在威胁.  相似文献   

Regional response of runoff in CMIP5 multi-model climate projections of Jiangsu Province,China     

Zhiyong?WuEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Xia?Chen  Guihua?Lu  Heng?Xiao  Hai?He  Jianhua?Zhang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2017,31(10):2627-2643

Surface runoff is a major water resource component and its spatial and temporal variations significantly impact on regional socio-economic development. In this study, changes to surface runoff in Jiangsu Province, China, were simulated using the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model for the period 2011–2040, using input data from five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models and three different Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. In general, annual mean precipitation under the five models and three scenarios showed a fluctuating upward trend, while annual mean temperatures were projected to increase by up to 1.34 °C, as compared with the reference period (1970–1999). Monthly mean runoff depths were generally predicted to increase, with the most significant increases occurring in December. Increasing runoff depths were highest under the RCP8.5 emission scenario and lowest under RCP4.5. The results of this study provide an important reference for policymakers planning for the future water resources in Jiangsu Province. Furthermore, we conducted a case study with the VIC model and it showed high consistency with gauges and provides a new reference for the studies of other plain regions.  相似文献   

水体氮、磷营养盐水平对蓝藻优势形成的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

许海  陈洁  朱广伟  秦伯强  张运林 《湖泊科学》2019,31(5):1239-1247

以江苏省南京市富营养化程度不同的清溪、护城河、玄武湖、月牙湖、琵琶湖和前湖为研究对象,调查各水体浮游植物的群落特征和优势种,并结合藻类生长潜力试验,探究不同氮、磷营养水平的自然水体对铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）和斜生栅藻（Scenedesmus obliquus）生长与竞争的影响.野外调查发现不同营养水平水体浮游植物优势种不同,按水体富营养化程度从高到底依次以绿藻、蓝藻、硅藻和隐藻分别占优势.单一藻种培养时,铜绿微囊藻在清溪、护城河和玄武湖水体中生长均较好,而斜生栅藻仅在高氮、磷浓度的清溪和护城河水体中有较大生长量,说明斜生栅藻对氮、磷的需求高于铜绿微囊藻;两种藻共培养时,清溪水体中斜生栅藻占优势,护城河和玄武湖水体中铜绿微囊藻占优势,但其他水体中两种藻均不能生长,说明氮、磷浓度过高或过低都不利于蓝藻形成优势.对低营养水平的玄武湖、琵琶湖、月牙湖和前湖水体进行氮、磷加富后,两种藻均能较好地生长,且各组没有显著差异,说明藻类在这些水体中生长受到氮、磷的限制,氮、磷浓度升高会增加水华发生的风险.本研究将野外调查和藻类生长潜力实验相结合,深入探究了蓝藻优势形成与水体氮、磷营养水平的关系,揭示了蓝藻水华是湖泊富营养化发展到特定阶段的产物,水体氮、磷浓度过高或过低均不易产生蓝藻优势.  相似文献   

青海地区一次雷暴的地闪活动及云内的电场探空观测          下载免费PDF全文

张廷龙  余海  王军  张茂华  周方聪  陈洁 《地球物理学报》2019,62(5):1591-1602

2016年夏季在青海大通地区获得一次局地雷暴云内的电场探空资料,结合雷达、地闪定位资料,详细分析了该雷暴的地闪活动特征及云内的电荷结构.结果显示,该雷暴过程的负地闪在时间上呈间歇性发生,在空间分布上表现为不连续,且所有的正地闪都发生于雷暴的成熟阶段.在雷暴成熟阶段与消散阶段过渡期获得云内的垂直电场廓线表明,雷暴内的电荷结构在探空阶段呈四极性,最下部为处于暖云区内负电荷区,往上依次改变极性.最上部的正电荷区由于数据丢失无法判断其上边界外,其余3个电荷区的海拔高度分别为:5.5～5.7km(3.4～2.3℃)、5.7～6.2km(2.3～-0.4℃)和6.2～6.6km(-0.9～-1.7℃),对应的电荷密度为-1.81nC·m^-3、2.47nC·m^-3和-1.76nC·m^-3.其中,下部正电荷区的强度最大,其次为上部的负电荷区.通过分析电荷区分布与正地闪活动的关系,认为暖云区内负电荷区的形成有利于诱发下部正电荷区的对地放电.  相似文献