松辽盆地西缘边界断裂带中南段走滑性质、时间及其位移量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩国卿  刘永江  Franz NEUBAUER  Johann GENSER  邹运鑫  李伟  梁琛岳 《中国科学:地球科学》2012,(4):471-482

松辽盆地的西缘边界断裂带,又称嫩江-八里罕断裂带,位于东北地区中部,大兴安岭的东缘,传统认识上认为其为一条NNE向的大型正断层或拆离断层.通过对断裂带中南段楼子店,岭下地区韧性变形岩石构造要素系统测量和统计,显微构造观察,有限应变测量,石英组构EBSD(电子背散射衍射)分析和变形带白云母40Ar/39Ar年代学等方面的对比研究,证实断裂带南段楼子店地区与中段岭下地区变形岩石具有相同的变形组构特征,应为同一断裂带同期变形的产物,初步确定了松辽盆地西缘边界断裂带中南段在早白垩世早期(~130 Ma)曾经历左行走滑变形阶段;通过对断裂带两侧西拉木伦河缝合带和倭勒根岩群展布的研究,确定嫩江-八里罕断裂带的现今累计走滑位移量在40~50 km之间.  相似文献   

大兴安岭中段晚三叠世哈达陶勒盖组火山岩成因及构造背景          下载免费PDF全文

马永非  刘永江  温泉波  张志斌  李伟  司秋亮  唐振 《地球科学》2017,42(12):2146-2173

为了解大兴安岭中段晚三叠世时期的构造背景,对该时期哈达陶勒盖组火山岩进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学等方面的研究.哈达陶勒盖组火山岩可划分为中性系列安粗岩、安山岩,中酸性系列石英粗安岩及酸性系列流纹岩,形成年龄分别为:210.9±3.5 Ma、216.6±3.1 Ma、216.9±2.1 Ma和230.2±2.2 Ma.中性系列岩浆来源于原始地幔的部分熔融,并遭受俯冲板片释放流体的强烈富集作用.岩浆演化过程中结晶分异作用不明显,但遭受较强的地壳混染.中酸性系列和酸性系列岩浆来源于相对较浅的地壳物质深熔,前者岩浆演化过程中结晶分异作用较弱,而后者则较强.大兴安岭中段晚三叠世时期的构造演化背景受蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋板块向南俯冲作用的影响明显,在研究区表现为弧后伸展的构造背景.俯冲板片的断离拆沉引起了软流圈物质上涌,并导致伸展构造背景的形成,也为哈达陶勒盖组火山岩原始岩浆的形成提供了热量来源.   相似文献   

长春东南劝农山地区早二叠世范家屯组岩石变形组构及流变学特征          下载免费PDF全文

梁琛岳  刘永江  朱建江  李伟民  常瑞虹  张丽 《地球科学》2017,42(12):2174-2192

劝农山地区位于长春市东南部,处于佳-伊断裂和西拉木伦河缝合带交汇处.详细野外调查发现,该区曾遭受强烈韧性剪切变形,剪切带内岩石普遍糜棱岩化,主要由下二叠统范家屯组（P₁f）钙质糜棱岩与侵入其中的燕山期花岗质糜棱岩组成,变形程度处于初糜棱岩至糜棱岩之间,多具有糜棱结构.岩石应变类型主要为压扁型应变,偏一般压缩,为L=S型构造岩,指示其形成于挤压型剪切带的构造环境.多种宏微观韧性剪切变形标志,指示明显的左行剪切运动.电子探针方解石-白云石地质温度计、方解石和石英EBSD组构特征、方解石e双晶形态以及石英长石变形行为等均显示岩石具有低温塑性流变特点,变形环境不超过绿片岩相.剪切带内应变速率偏高,应变集中带应变速率最大,在10-6.95~10-8.89之间,远离强变形带应变速率在10-9.25~10-12.17之间,糜棱岩化作用过程中差异应力下限应大致为51.27~65.46 MPa,代表剪切带糜棱岩化作用为低温中等强度应变,在稍快的应变速率条件下形成.压溶扩散和双晶滑移为劝农山韧性剪切带变形初期的主要变形机制,随着递进变形,逐渐以双晶滑移和晶内滑移为主,递进变形晚期,局部强变形域内发生了粒间滑移.劝农山韧性剪切带形成与早白垩世中晚期伊泽纳崎板块NNW向高斜度斜向俯冲于欧亚大陆之下有关,是佳-伊断裂带左旋走滑事件的局部表现.   相似文献   

辽吉裂谷带北缘连山关韧性剪切带的构造属性和运动学分析          下载免费PDF全文

常瑞虹  李伟民  刘永江  梁琛岳  李婧  张丽  刘昕悦  范文亮 《地球科学》2017,42(12):2193-2207

韧性剪切带在岩石圈地壳中广泛存在,蕴含应力、应变和温压等环境参数,是构造解析、流变学和成因机制研究的重要对象.辽吉裂谷带位于辽宁东部-吉林南部,是华北克拉通重要的古元古代活动带之一.连山关岩体地处辽吉裂谷带北缘,经历复杂变质变形作用,岩体南缘发育NWW向右行走滑韧性剪切带.糜棱岩显微结构观测分析揭示,剪切带内糜棱岩以S、SL构造岩为主,总体呈压扁型应变.运动学涡度值为0.91~0.97,均大于0.75,指示简单剪切为主的变形特征.糜棱岩中云母显示塑性拉长,石英动态重结晶明显,以膨凸重结晶作用为主.EBSD分析结果表明,石英发育中低温菱面组构,对应变形温度450~550℃,暗示糜棱岩形成于低绿片岩相-低角闪岩相.结合前人研究成果,我们认为连山关韧性剪切带可能起源于早元古代晚期.连山关岩体先后经历早期隆起造成的伸展-滑脱作用和晚期与上覆辽河群共同经历的南北向挤压,从而在岩体南缘形成陡倾的右行韧性剪切带.   相似文献   

额尔古纳地块中生代火山岩盆地基底构造特征:来自灵泉盆地的启示          下载免费PDF全文

张丽  刘永江  冯志强  李伟民  温泉波  梁琛岳  郇恒飞  孟婧瑶  周建平  阳正勇 《地球科学》2017,42(12):2229-2242

灵泉盆地布格重力异常特征表明灵泉盆地两侧重力低异常区主要为侏罗-白垩系断陷区,中部主要为基底隆起区.对布格重力异常进行向上延拓处理,结果发现深部地质体具有"东、西深,中间浅"分布特征;剩余重力异常也说明中部局部重力高主要反映基底隆起,东部和西部局部重力低主要反映侏罗-白垩系断陷.灵泉盆地基底断裂早期以北东向为主,晚期发育北西向断裂,区内还有早期近南北向和东西向断裂存在.将灵泉盆地构造单元划分为西部断陷区、中部隆起区和东部断陷区之后发现,灵泉盆地实际上是个相对隆起而不是断陷盆地,这是盆地发生构造反转作用的结果,额尔古纳地块上的其他中生代火山岩盆地普遍具有这种模式,额尔古纳地块中生代盆地基底总体上具有"南深北浅"的特点.   相似文献   

柴达木盆地北缘晚中生代一新生代构造应力场——来自构造节理分析的证据     

任收麦  ;葛肖虹  ;刘永江  ;乔德武  ;尹成明  ;Franz NEUBAUER  ;Johann GENSER 《中国区域地质》2009,(7):877-887

柴达木盆地的构造演化,尤其是中、新生代的构造演化历史及其影响程度一直存在争议。在冷湖O号、冷湖4号、鄂博梁、结绿素等剖面开展了野外构造节理测量,应用地层恢复技术,分析了柴北缘晚中生代-新生代构造应力场的演化过程。结果表明：晚侏罗世之后,柴北缘主要受东西方向的挤压,这与区域上的研究结果一致;早白垩世北西-南东向的挤压应力可能再次影响了侏罗系;晚白垩世受南北挤压应力的影响,地层隆升遭受剥蚀;始新世下干柴沟期至上新世狮子沟期,柴北缘处于弱活动时期．接受稳定沉积;上新统狮子沟组沉积之后,由于阿尔金山的隆升,盆地北缘主体受北西-南东向应力的影响,涉及地层包括上干柴沟组、下油砂山组和上油砂山组;早、中更新世七个泉期之后,受南北向构造应力场的强烈影响．在狮子沟组、上油砂山组和下油砂山组中都有其分量．较老地层的地表露头中也有记录。这期构造运动对柴北缘油气运聚具有破坏和二次成藏的作用。因此,围绕柴北缘其他地质剖面开展更进一步的构造节理测量和分析工作,对油气资源勘探具有指导意义。  相似文献   

Response of single benthic metrics and multi-metric methods to anthropogenic pressure gradients, in five distinct European coastal and transitional ecosystems   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Borja A  Barbone E  Basset A  Borgersen G  Brkljacic M  Elliott M  Garmendia JM  Marques JC  Mazik K  Muxika I  Magalhães Neto J  Norling K  Rodríguez JG  Rosati I  Rygg B  Teixeira H  Trayanova A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(3):499-513

In recent times many benthic indices have been proposed to assess the ecological quality of marine waters worldwide. In this study we compared single metrics and multi-metric methods to assess coastal and transitional benthic status along human pressure gradients in five distinct environments across Europe: Varna bay and lake (Bulgaria), Lesina lagoon (Italy), Mondego estuary (Portugal), Basque coast (Spain) and Oslofjord (Norway). Hence, 13 single metrics (abundance, number of taxa, and several diversity and sensitivity indices) and eight of the most common indices used within the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) for benthic assessment were selected: index of size spectra (ISS), Benthic assessment tool (BAT), Norwegian quality index (NQI), Multivariate AMBI (M-AMBI), Benthic quality index (BQI), (Benthic ecosystem quality index (BEQI), Benthic index based on taxonomic sufficiency (BITS), and infaunal quality index (IQI). Within each system, sampling sites were ordered in an increasing pressure gradient according to a preliminary classification based on professional judgement. The different indices are largely consistent in their response to pressure gradient, except in some particular cases (i.e. BITS, in all cases, or ISS when a low number of individuals is present). Inconsistencies between indicator responses were most pronounced in transitional waters (i.e. IQI, BEQI), highlighting the difficulties of the generic application of indicators to all marine, estuarine and lagoonal environments. However, some of the single (i.e. ecological groups approach, diversity, richness) and multi-metric methods (i.e. BAT, M-AMBI, NQI) were able to detect such gradients both in transitional and coastal environments, being these multi-metric methods more consistent in the detection than single indices. This study highlights the importance of survey design and good reference conditions for some indicators. The agreement observed between different methodologies and their ability to detect quality trends across distinct environments constitutes a promising result for the implementation of the WFD’s monitoring plans. Moreover, these results have management implications, regarding the dangers of misclassification, uncertainty in the assessment, use of conflicting indices, and testing and validation of indices.  相似文献   

Fisheries mismanagement     

O'Leary BC  Smart JC  Neale FC  Hawkins JP  Newman S  Milman AC  Roberts CM 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(12):2642-2648

We analysed the extent to which European politicians have adhered to scientific recommendations on annual total allowable catches (TACs) from 1987 to 2011, covering most of the period of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). For the 11 stocks examined, TACs were set higher than scientific recommendations in 68% of decisions. Politically-adjusted TACs averaged 33% above scientifically recommended levels. There was no evidence that the 2002 reform of the CFP improved decision-making, as was claimed at the time. We modelled the effects of such politically-driven decision-making on stock sustainability. Our results suggest that political adjustment of scientific recommendations dramatically increases the probability of a stock collapsing within 40 years.In 2012 European fisheries policy will undergo a once-a-decade reform. Ten years ago radical reforms were promised but the changes failed to improve sustainability. It is likely that the 2012 reform will be similarly ineffective unless decision-making is changed so that catch allocations are based on science rather than politics.  相似文献   

Sampling epifauna, a necessity for a better assessment of benthic ecosystem functioning: an example of the epibenthic aggregated species Ophiothrix fragilis from the Bay of Seine     

Lozach S  Dauvin JC  Méar Y  Murat A  Davoult D  Migné A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(12):2753-2760

Sampling the sea bottom surface remains difficult because of the surface hydraulic shock due to water flowing through the gear (i.e., the bow wave effect) and the loss of epifauna organisms due to the gear’s closing mechanism. Slow-moving mobile epifauna, such as the ophiuroid Ophiothrix fragilis, form high-density patches in the English Channel, not only on pebbles like in the Dover Strait or offshore Brittany but also on gravel in the Bay of Seine (>5000 ind m⁻²). Such populations form high biomasses and control the water transfer from the water column to the sediment. Estimating their real density and biomass is essential for the assessment of benthic ecosystem functioning using trophic web modelling. In this paper, we present and discuss the patch patterns and sampling efficiency of the different methods for collecting in the dense beds of O. fragilis in the Bay of Seine. The large Hamon grab (0.25 m⁻²) highly under-estimated the ophiuroid density, while the Smith McIntyre appeared adequate among the tested sampling grabs. Nowadays, diving sampling, underwater photography and videos with remote operated vehicle appear to be the recommended alternatives to estimate the real density of such dense slow-moving mobile epifauna.  相似文献   

内蒙古伊敏地区下石炭统红水泉组砂岩物源分析及其构造意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨明春  刘永江  韩国卿  王长兵  温泉波  赵英利  梁琛岳  米晓楠 《世界地质》2011,30(2):192-207

碎屑沉积物成份与源区构造环境、构造背景及源区岩石性质密切相关。通过对伊敏地区红水泉组砂岩样品进行砂岩碎屑颗粒成分统计、地球化学特征及碎屑锆石LA--ICP --MS U--Pb 年代学等物源分析方法,确定红水泉组砂岩为长石岩屑砂岩,物源区构造背景主要为大陆岛弧环境,其物源类型为切割型岛弧。红水泉组砂岩中最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为338 ± 3 Ma,该年龄值表明红水泉组形成的时代为早石炭世密西西比中期的韦宪阶或之后。903 ～ 1 676 Ma 的分散元古界锆石年龄和～ 780 Ma 新元古代锆石年龄峰值,可能反映南蒙古微板块基底年龄信息。～ 500 Ma 和～ 380 Ma 的年龄峰值指示源区可能经历了多期岩浆事件: ～ 500 Ma 的岩浆锆石物源可能来自额尔古纳与兴安地块闭合相关的后造山花岗岩, ～ 500 Ma 的变质锆石可能来自变质基底, ～ 380 Ma 的物源可能反映额尔古纳-兴安地块与松嫩地块至少在晚泥盆世开始碰撞拼贴,并导致该区存在一个晚泥盆世-早石炭世的岩浆弧。  相似文献