An isopycnic-coordinate internal tide model and its application to the South China Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗春葆  陈海波  吕咸青 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(6):1339-1356

A three-dimensional isopycnic-coordinate ocean model for the study of internal tides is presented. In this model, the ocean interior is viewed as a stack of isopycnic layers, each characterized by a constant density. The isopycnic coordinate performs well at tracking the depth variance of the thermocline, and is suitable for simulation of internal tides. This model consists of external and internal modes, and barotropic and baroclinic motions are calculated in the two modes, respectively. The capability of simulating internal tides was verified by comparing model results with an analytical solution. The model was then applied to the simulation of internal tides in the South China Sea (SCS) with the forcing of M2 and K1 tidal constituents. The results show that internal tides in the SCS are mainly generated in the Luzon Strait. The generated M2 internal tides propagate away in three different directions (branches). The branch with the widest tidal beam propagates eastward into the Pacific Ocean, the most energetic branch propagates westward toward Dongsha Island, and the least energetic branch propagates southwestward into the basin of the SCS. The generated K1 internal tides propagate in two different directions (branches). One branch propagates eastward into the Pacific Ocean, and the other branch propagates southwestward into the SCS basin. The steepening process of internal tides due to shoaling effects is described briefly. Meridionally integrated westward energy fluxes into the SCS are comparable to the meridionally integrated eastward energy fluxes into the Pacific Ocean.  相似文献   

Simulating impact of larch caterpillar (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendrolimus superans</Emphasis>) on fire regime and forest landscape in Da Hinggan Mountains,Northeast China     

Hongwei Chen  Yuanman Hu  Yu Chang  Rencang Bu  Yuehui Li  Miao Liu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(5):575-586

Larch caterpillar (Dendrolimus superans) is very common in the Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeast China, affecting fire regime and forest ecosystem change at large spatio-temporal scales. In this study, we used a spatially explicit landscape model, LANDIS, to simulate the changes of fire regime and forest landscape under four larch caterpillar disturbance intensity levels scenarios in Huzhong forest area, northern of Da Hinggan Mountains. The results indicate that larch caterpillar disturbances would decrease ...  相似文献   

An Algorithm for Detecting Ice Cloud at Different Altitudes by Combining Dual CrIS Full Spectrum Resolution CO2 Channels     

王立稳  郑有飞  田淼  徐静馨 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(3):300-310

Using infrared sensors to detect ice clouds in different atmospheric layers is still a challenge. The different scattering and absorption properties of longwave and shortwave infrared channels can be utilized to fulfill this purpose.In this study, the release of Suomi-NPP Cross-track Infrared Sounder(Cr IS) full spectrum resolution is used to select and pair channels from longwave(～ 15 μm) and shortwave(～4.3 μm) CO_2 absorption bands under stricter conditions, so as to better detect ice clouds. Besides, the differences of the weighting function peaks and cloud insensitive level altitudes of the paired channels are both within 50 h Pa so that the variances due to atmospheric conditions can be minimized. The training data of clear sky are determined by Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS) cloud mask product and used to find the linear relationship between the paired longwave and shortwave CO_2 absorption channels. From the linear relationship, the so-called cloud emission and scattering index(CESI) is derived to detect ice clouds. CESI clearly captures the center and the ice cloud features of the Super Typhoon Hato located above 415 h Pa. Moreover, the CESI distributions agree with cloud top pressure from the VIIRS in both daytime and nighttime in different atmospheric layers.  相似文献   

The Variability of Spring Sand-Dust Storm Frequency in Northeast Asia from 1980 to 2011   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

YANG Yuanqin  WANG Jizhi  NIU Tao  ZHOU Chunhong  CHEN Miao  LIU Jiyan 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2013,27(1):119-127

The characteristic distributions of regional sand-dust storm(SDS) weather processes over Northeast Asia from 1980 to 2011 were investigated using the shared WMO surface station meteorological data,atmospheric sounding data,China high density weather data,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,as well as the archived original weather maps of China.The concentration-weighted trajectory(CWT) method was used to calculate the SDS frequency from the discrete station data and to track the large-scale regional SDS weather processes in Northeast Asia.A spline trend analysis method was employed to investigate the variability of the SDS weather systems.The results show that during 1980-2011,the SDS weather processes exhibit both a historical persistence and abrupt transitions with an approximate 10-yr high-low occurrence oscillation.Through composite analysis of atmospheric circulation during high and low SDS years,it is found that the SDS occurrences are closely related to the anomalies of arctic vortex and midlatitude westerly,and the circulation patterns around the Lake Baikal.During the high frequency years,the meridianal flows in the upper and mid troposphere above the high SDS corridor in East Asia(from the Lake Balkhash along Northwest and North China,Korean Peninsula,and Japan Islands) are apparently stronger than the meridianal flows during the low SDS frequency years,favoring the development and transport of SDSs in the midlatitude regions.  相似文献   

Water conservancy projects in China: Achievements,challenges and way forward   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Junguo Liu  Chuanfu Zang  Shiying Tian  Jianguo Liu  Hong Yang  Shaofeng Jia  Liangzhi You  Bo Liu  Miao Zhang 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(3):633-643

China's water policies in the past decades have relied heavily on the construction of massive water conservancy projects in the form of dams and reservoirs, water transfer projects, and irrigation infrastructure. These facilities have brought tremendous economic and social benefits but also posed many adverse impacts on the eco-environment and society. With the intensification of water scarcity, China's future water conservancy development is facing tremendous challenge of supporting the continuous economic development while protecting the water resources and the dependent ecosystems. This paper provides an overview of China's water conservancy development, and illustrates the socioeconomic, environmental and ecological impacts. A narrative of attitude changes of the central government towards water conservancy, as well as key measures since the 1950s is presented. The strategic water resources management plan set by the central government in its Document No. 1 of 2011 is elaborated with focus on the three stringent controlling “redlines” concerning national water use, water use efficiency and water pollution and the huge investments poised to finance their implementation. We emphasize that realizing the goals set in the strategic plan requires paradigm shifts of the water conservancy development towards maximizing economic and natural capitals, prioritizing investment to preserve intact ecosystems and to restore degraded ecosystems, adapting climate change, balancing construction of new water projects and rejuvenation of existing projects, and managing both “blue” (surface/groundwater) and “green” water (soil water).  相似文献   

地形对2011年9月华西致灾暴雨强迫作用的数值模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘冀彦  毛龙江  牛涛  陈淼  刘洪利  王继志 《气象》2013,39(8):975-987

运用GRAPES_Meso模式对2011年9月16-18日发生在陕西、四川的连续特大致洪暴雨过程进行数值模拟.通过对比3套敏感性试验结果,揭示了气流与地形相互作用对本次致灾暴雨的影响,结果如下:(1)16-18日在台风和蒙古高压共同影响下,850 hPa在黄、渤海形成偏东水汽通道,使大量水汽经华北平原输送至华西地区,气流被秦岭分割为南北两支,北支在秦岭北侧受到迎风坡阻挡,形成强迫抬升和水汽辐合中心;南支暖湿气流从东部灌入汉中平原,受到“喇叭口”地形挤压而辐合上升.(2)平原与高大山脉的交错相间地形导致条带状正负垂直运动带产生,在垂直方向上形成强烈的抽吸作用,加之该地区16-18日丰沛的水汽交汇,从而引发大范围强降水.(3)海拔高度与地表起伏度均对降雨有较大影响,在同样海拔情况下,地表起伏度越大,就越容易产生暴雨.  相似文献   

近50年山西高温日的时空分布及环流特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

苗爱梅  贾利冬  李苗  范光海 《地理科学进展》2011,30(7):837-845

利用1958-2008 年高低空气象观测资料以及山西省气象信息中心归档的109 站原始气象记录月报表及其信息化产品资料,分别以最高气温≥35℃、≥37℃、≥40℃为指标, 研究山西高温日的时空分布、变化趋势及环流特征,结果表明：①山西高温日最早出现在4 月中旬,最晚出现在9 月中旬,≥35℃、≥37℃和≥40℃的高温日均是6月下旬最多。②高温日数具有随纬度、随海拔的升高而减少,西部多于东部、南部多于北部、盆地多于山区的空间分布特征。≥40℃的高温区域主要集中在运城和临汾地区。③1984-2008 年,35℃以上的高温日数整体呈上升趋势;1979-2008 年,30a 间高温站次以153 站次/10a 的趋势增多;进入90 年代以后,不仅高温日数增多,而且高温持续时间、强度、范围都有增强趋势。④影响山西高温的500 hPa 环流形势主要有：副高纬向性、副高经向型以及大陆高压（脊）控制型3 类。在特定的流型配置下,T850≥25℃、T700≥13℃,T850≥26℃、T700≥14℃,T850≥28℃、T700≥15℃,T850≥32℃、T700≥16℃是山西省不同区域、不同风向影响时,≥35℃、≥37℃、≥40℃高温天气预报的临界值。  相似文献   

内蒙古科右前旗文牛屯地区铅及多金属矿成矿地质特征          下载免费PDF全文

张强  谭德军  刘同  荆常宽  李卫洲  赵军  杨学生 《山东国土资源》2011,27(8):1-5

内蒙古自治区科右前旗文牛屯地区位于大兴安岭多金属成矿带中段,属太平洋构造岩浆岩带的一部分。地处古生代古亚洲构造-成矿域与中生代环太平洋构造-成矿域强烈叠加的地段,多期成矿的复合、叠加和转换使其成矿地质条件更优越,资源前景良好,尤其是有色金属资源十分丰富。建议加强基础工作,有望发现大型铅及多金属矿床。  相似文献   

Simulating dynamics of δ¹³C of CO₂ in the planetary boundary layer over a boreal forest region: covariation between surface fluxes and atmospheric mixing     

BAOZHANG CHEN  JING M. CHEN  PIETER P. TANS  LIN HUANG 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2006,58(5):537-549

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GROWTH PROMOTION OF RED SEA BREAM, PAGROSOMUS MAJOR, BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT EEL AND SALMON GROWTH HORMONE     

徐迎利苗宏志  刘振辉邓勇 兰山王尧  张培军徐斌 麦康森 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,19(2):141-146

Recombinant eel GH and yeast containing chinook salmon growth hormone (reGHand rcsGH) were incorporated into gelatin and sodium alginate (reGH-GS and rcsGH-GS) or polymer ma-trix (reGH-HP55) to protect the hormone from proteolytic cleavage in the stomach. The diets containin greGH-GS, rcsGH-GS, reGH-HP55 and free-reGH or uncoated-rcsGH were administered to red sea bream. Feeding of reGH-GS, reGH-HP55 and rcsGH-GS diets resulted in significant increases in body weight and fork length over those of controls. These results strongly suggest that gelatin and sodium algi-nate as well as polymer matrix protected the hormone from proteolytic enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract to allow the bioactive hormone to enter the circulation and eventually stimulato fish growth.  相似文献