A First Comparison of the Surface Brightness Fluctuation Survey Distances with the Galaxy Density Field: Implications for H0 and Omega     

Blakeslee JP  Davis M  Tonry JL  Dressler A  Ajhar EA 《The Astrophysical journal》1999,527(2):L73-L76

We compare the peculiar velocities measured in the surface brightness fluctuation survey of galaxy distances with the predictions from the density fields of the IRAS 1.2 Jy flux-limited redshift survey and the optical redshift survey (ORS) to derive simultaneous constraints on the Hubble constant H0 and the density parameter beta=Omega0.6&solm0;b, where b is the linear bias. We find that betaI=0.42+0.10-0.06 and betaO=0.26+/-0.08 for the IRAS and ORS comparisons, respectively, and that H0=74+/-4 km s-1 Mpc (with an additional 9% uncertainty due to the Cepheids themselves). The match between predicted and observed peculiar velocities is good for these values of H0 and beta, and although there is covariance between the two parameters, our results clearly point toward low-density cosmologies. Thus, the unresolved discrepancy between the "velocity-velocity" and "density-density" measurements of beta continues.  相似文献   

我国地理学的方向与任务若干问题的商讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

沈玉昌  左大康  谭见安  廖克 《地理学报》1980,(2)

地理学是一门古老而又年轻的科学。我国地理学的发展源远流长，公元前五世纪，《禹贡》一书概括地阐述了我国山川，湖泽、土壤、物产等，它是全世界最早的地理学著作之一。其后，汉代的《汉书地理志》，唐代的《元和郡县志》，清代的《大清一统志》等都是内容丰富的地理著作。宋代以后，全国各省府县所编的地方志，也都是重要的区域地理志。凡此都  相似文献   

Education challenges in the North Sea area     

Ducrotoy JP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,47(1-6):246-252

This paper introduces the North Sea as a fast evolving coastal ecosystem. The variability of natural conditions relates to the global climatic change and to human disturbances, which originate regionally. Education is an integral part of the strategy to improve environmental awareness. Considering contemporary challenges for educating the wider public about the main issues of environmental concern, attention is paid to various plans, which are being developed in North-Western Europe from primary schools to universities. "Learning for life" relies on an opening of the vocation of traditional universities and on the creation of a European university. Sharing resources in a competitive environment is one response given by British universities in the framework of a Discipline Network in Coastal Sciences and Management in 1996-2000. Networking is truly the key to a fast evolving teaching and learning context, notably in relation to ever developing information and communication technologies. The dissemination of scientific information is primordial in this context; a case study relating to the European project "Marine biodiversity in Europe" (BIOMARE) demonstrates the need for an elaborated strategy leading to socio-economic considerations. Empowering communities and governance are the main possible outcomes of such an enlarged approach to education, involving teachers, students, researchers, professionals, and volunteers. Proposals are made for amplifying the involvement of non-scientists into scientific research and its applications to management. Finally, a case is made for facilitating the mobility of all concerned, with a view to annihilate language and cultural barriers.  相似文献   

Nucleosynthesis and Mixing in Cassiopeia A     

Hughes JP  Rakowski CE  Burrows DN  Slane PO 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,528(2):L109-L113

We present results from the first light observations of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant (SNR) by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. Based on representative spectra from four selected regions, we investigate the processes of nucleosynthesis and mixing in Cas A. We make the first unequivocal identification of iron-rich ejecta produced by explosive silicon burning in a young Galactic SNR. Elsewhere in the remnant, we see silicon-rich ejecta from explosive oxygen burning. The Fe-rich ejecta lie outside the Si-rich material, indicating that bulk motions were extensive and energetic enough in Cas A to cause a spatial inversion of a significant portion of the supernova core. It is likely that this inversion was caused by "Fe"-rich ejecta emerging in plumes from the rising bubbles in the neutrino-driven convection layer during the supernova explosion. In addition, the radioactive decay energy from 56Ni may have contributed to the subsequent evolution of the material. We have also discovered faint, well-defined filaments with featureless X-ray spectra that are possibly sites of cosmic-ray acceleration in Cas A.  相似文献   

东天山觉罗塔格地区夹白山一带晚古生代构造格局及演化   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

左国朝  梁广林陈俊 郑勇高俊宝  邢德超李绍雄 《地质通报》2006,25(1):48-57

研究区早石炭世经历了中天山古陆北缘被动陆缘向活动陆缘沟弧盆体系演化的全过程.阿齐山-雅满苏岛弧带于维宪期发育在广宽陆棚海之上.岛弧为大型背形结构,雅满苏断裂带为火山喷发的主要通道,弧前盆地生成于弧沟间隙部位.晚石炭世早期,弧后区发生扩张作用而塌陷形成向形的边缘盆地.晚石炭世末,北侧康古尔洋区以弧弧对接方式关闭,弧区伴有深成花岗岩浆侵位.早二叠世早期进入松弛阶段,在弧间及弧后南缘产生上叠断陷盆地.晚二叠世右旋走滑变动席卷全区,最后大型造山带与地块之间发生块体右旋滑移错位,由此奠定了现今的盆山构造格局初貌.  相似文献   

基于空间信息网格（SIG）的矿产资源评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖志坚左爱利  班宜忠徐振宇 《地质通报》2006,25(5):630-638

随着GIS的普及和深化,空间信息的大数据量、高复杂性和难共享的问题对其研究和应用提出了新的挑战.空间信息网格(Spatial Information Grid,SIG)作为创新性的网络空间信息基础设施和技术体系,为解决这些问题提供了新的契机.本文在给出SIG基本定义和基本特征的基础上,就如何实现基于SIG的矿产资源评价进行了有益的探索和实践,并取得了很好的效果,为矿产资源评价提供了新的方法和思路.  相似文献   

新疆西天山达巴特铜矿床地质特征和成矿时代研究   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

张作衡  毛景文  王志良  杜安道  左国朝  王龙生  王见蓶  屈文俊 《地质论评》2006,52(5):683-689

本文通过对西天山地区比较典型的达巴特斑岩铜钼矿床矿石中辉钼矿Re-Os的直接定年研究,结合区域地质演化和其他年代学资料,探讨了西天山赛里木和博罗科努地区斑岩铜多金属成矿带的成矿地球动力学背景和成矿机制。结果显示达巴特矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为301±20Ma,表明成矿作用发生于晚石炭世。矿床形成于别珍套—科古琴石炭纪岛弧带,成岩成矿与石炭纪巴音沟洋壳向南的俯冲作用密切相关,可能的成矿机制是由于洋壳向南对赛里木隆起带陆壳基底的俯冲,岛弧基底断裂系向北逆冲,导致一系列与斑岩矿床有关的中酸性岩浆活动,区域深大断裂为岩浆的上侵提供了条件。  相似文献   

新疆西天山菁布拉克基性杂岩体闪长岩锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

张作衡  王志良  王彦斌  左国朝  王龙生  吕林素 《矿床地质》2007,26(4):353-360

文章对新疆西天山特克斯县菁布拉克基性杂岩体中辉石闪长岩样品中的锆石进行了SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究,获得了(434.4±6.2)Ma的和谐年龄,该结果表明菁布拉克岩体的侵位时间为早志留世。结合岩石地球化学分析所揭示的形成环境信息和最新的区域地质资料,认为菁布拉克岩体的形成与早志留世到早石炭世发生的南天山洋向北与中天山板块的俯冲作用密切相关,岩浆显现出的岛弧岩浆特点可能是由于洋壳向亏损地幔的俯冲所引起的。  相似文献   

新疆西天山阿希金矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

张作衡毛景文  王志良左国朝陈伟十  朱和平王龙生　 吕林素 《岩石学报》2007,23(10):2403-2414

本文在系统总结前人关于矿床地质特征和流体成矿作用研究成果的基础上,补充开展了热液成矿期石英-碳酸盐阶段石英、方解石和重晶石中流体包裹体的均一法和冷冻法测温,并对石英样品进行了气相色谱测量,对石英流体包裹体中的稀土和微量元素进行了测试。结果表明,矿床具有典型的浅成低温热液金矿的特点,成矿流体总体上盐度很低,多数都集中于0.53～1.57wt%NaCl。成矿流体的主要成分为H_2O、CO_2和CH_4。流体包裹体微量元素与容矿围岩具有继承性,流体中Cu、Ni、Co、Mo、Zn、Pb、V、Sb和Li等的含量较高,可能说明了Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Bi和Ba等元素在水岩反应过程中更容易进入流体当中。石英流体包裹体中∑REE为13825×10~(-12)～149935×10~(-12),LREE/HREE为2.63～50.83,δEu为0.70～0.91,表现为Eu的弱亏损。成矿流体的REE配分型式与火山岩具有相同的Eu亏损和右倾配分曲线,表明成矿流体在演化过程中可能继承了早期火山岩的REE特征;但成矿流体的LREE/HREE值比火山岩大,前者的REE配分曲线比后者更加右陡倾斜,这可能与后期变质水和大气降水的混入引起的成矿流体物质组分发生有关。  相似文献   

北山—南戈壁地区侏罗纪巨型逆冲推覆体     

郑亚东  张青  王玉芳  王世洗  左国朝  拉哈苏伦  巴达奇  巴达姆格拉夫  张怀素 《内蒙古地质》1998,(4)

北山—南戈壁海西—印支造山带内发现位移至少１２０ｋｍ—１８０ｋｍ的侏罗纪逆冲推覆体。推覆体走向Ｅ—Ｗ,长１２００ｋｍ以上,将中元古界白云灰岩推覆在新元古界至下—中侏罗统岩层之上。据断层面上的擦痕、沟槽、纤维线理、近断层拖褶曲、褶皱倒向和上盘叠瓦断层等运动学标志表明,西部北山地区上盘向北运动,而东部南戈壁地区相对于东侧向南运动。推测两大推覆断层带（北山推覆体和南戈壁推覆体）被一大型撕裂断层（弱水断层）所分割。主冲断层后期变形为一系列Ｅ—Ｗ背形和向形构造,侵蚀作用使这些推覆体分割成许多位于主断层向形构造部位的飞来峰。推覆事件之后,因伸展事件形成的亚干变质核部杂岩,其Ａｒ４０＿Ａｒ３９坪年龄为１５５．１±１０Ｍａ,Ｒｂ—Ｓｒ等时年龄为１５３±６．２Ｍａ。推覆体形成于中侏罗世晚期（远晚于本区以前报导的大洋闭合时代）,本文作为陆内变形期。侏罗纪特提斯海的闭合或特提斯碰撞前,亚洲南部活动大陆边缘后侧的岛弧后撤变形或蒙古—鄂霍茨克大洋的闭合可能与此陆内变形有关。  相似文献