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1986—1987年厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件形成发展过程分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文利用近期热带太平洋大气—海洋实测资料,对起始于1986年9月的厄尔尼诺(EI-Ni(?)o)-南方涛动(ENSO)事件作了初步分析,发观亦道太平洋月际STS距平、纬向风指数、平均海平面高度距平、南方涛动指数、地球射出长波辐射、大气环流遥相关型和西太平洋副热带高压等在这次ENSO事件发生前后均有显著变化。作者指出,这次ENSO事件中,赤道太平洋海温异常增暖不是象通常那样发生在春季和由南美沿岸向西发展,而是发生在秋季,且首先出现在中赤道太平洋日界线区,而后迅速向东发展,从海温异常增暖的强度和持续时间来看,这次ENSO事件基本属一次中等强度过程。 相似文献
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Metals in contaminated salt marshes are mainly locked in the anaerobic layer of sediments, where they are tightly bound as sulfides and organic complexes. Vascular plants survive in saturated soils in part by pumping O2 into their root zones, changing their microenvironment to an oxic one. This, along with chelating exudates, mobilizes metals, allowing uptake by the roots. We compared the common reed Phragmites australis and cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in lab and field studies for ways in which they handle trace metals. Both plants store most of their metal burden in their roots, but some is transported to aboveground tissues. Spartina leaves contain approximately 2-3 x more Cr, Pb, and Hg than Phragmites leaves, but equivalent Cu and Zn. Furthermore, Spartina leaves have salt glands, so leaf excretion of all metals is twice that of Phragmites. In-depth studies with Hg indicate that Hg excretion correlates with Na release but not with transpiration, which is 2.2 x higher in Phragmites; and that more Hg accumulates in early-appearing leaves than in upper (i.e. later) leaves in both species. Spartina thus makes more metals available to salt marsh ecosystems than Phragmites by direct excretion and via dead leaves which will enter the food web as detritus. 相似文献
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闽江口水动力和污染扩散数值模拟 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文建立了闽江口二维水动力、污染扩散数值模型,模型采用ADI双向隐式求解。在水动力模拟中,对岸界的丁坝有用线性边界进行拟合,并考虑到河口区侧向摩擦作用;在污染扩散模拟中,用动态拟合的方法对浓度水边界进行了较为合理的改进。计算结果表明,本模型是成功的。 相似文献
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参考鳗鲡等鱼类线粒体 DNA序列进行了中国花鲈线粒体 DNA细胞色素 b基因片断的引物设计、PCR扩增及其序列测定。得到中国花鲈的碱基序列为 4 10 bp,其 A、T、G、C含量分别为 10 1bp(2 4 .6 3% )、112 bp(2 7.32 % )、72 bp(17.56 % )、12 5bp(30 .4 9% ) ,与鳗鲡等其他鱼类相同基因片断序列碱基含量相似。 相似文献
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Experimental Study on Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Submarine Pipeline near Seabed Boundary in Ocean Currents 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
1 .IntroductionThe submarine pipeline is a commonfacility widely usedfor offshore oil and gastransport . Whena pipeline is installed on a seabed and not buried,unsupportedspans may exist insomelocations ,es-peciallyinthe uneven zones of the seabed.The spa… 相似文献
18.
Meyer JS 《Marine environmental research》2002,53(4):417-423
Because concentrations of total or dissolved metal usually are not good predictors of the acute toxicity of metals to aquatic biota (i.e. not all of the metal appears to be bioavailable), it has been tempting for researchers and regulators to attempt to identify a form or combination of forms of a metal that is the bioavailable fraction. But from geochemical, biological, and analytical perspectives, the term 'bioavailable fraction" is context-specific (i.e. not generalizable) and quantitatively elusive. Although the term "bioavailability" conveys a useful, general concept and should be retained in the aquatic-toxicology lexicon, the term "bioavailable fraction" should be avoided. 相似文献
19.
通过室内模拟试验,在坡度为3°和9°、流量为20和60L/min条件下研究了不同浓度(0~350kg/m3)含沙水流流经草地的泥沙沉积过程及其水力学特性。结果表明,坡面泥沙沉积量随含沙量的增加而增大,3°时泥沙沉积率与含沙量呈正相关,而9°时沉积率与含沙量呈反势。坡度对泥沙沉积影响显著,而在相同坡度条件下,两种流量试验的泥沙沉积量无明显差异。相同坡面坡上部位流速小于坡下部位,且含沙量对坡面流速影响较小。在相同坡度和流量条件下,水流雷诺数随含沙量的增大而减小。3°时水流阻力系数和曼宁糙率均随含沙量的增加而增大,而9°时含沙量对阻力影响不明显,因此在土壤侵蚀较严重地区进行坡面水文过程演算时需考虑含沙量对缓坡糙率的影响。 相似文献
20.
Hollander DJ Sinninghe Damste JS Hayes JM de Leeuw JW Huc AY 《Organic Geochemistry》1993,20(8):1253-1263
Contents of 13C in kerogens and carbonates in 21 samples from a core of the MAX borehole, Mulhouse Evaporite Basin, range from -27.3 to -23.5 and -3.7 to -1.8% vs PDB, respectively. Organic nitrogen in the same samples is enriched in 15N relative to atmospheric N2 by 12.2-15.7%. Hydrogen indices and delta values for kerogens vary systematically with facies, averaging 493 mg HC/g Corg and -25.7% in the most saline facies (dominated by inputs from aquatic sources) and 267 mg HC/g Corg and -23.7% in the least saline facies (50/50 aquatic/terrigenous). Values of delta were measured for individual aliphatic hydrocarbons from three samples representing three different organic facies. For all samples, terrigenous inputs were unusually rich in 13C, the estimated delta value for bulk terrigenous debris, apparently derived partly from CAM plants, being -22.5%. In the most saline facies, isotopic evidence indicates the mixing of 13C-depleted products of photosynthetic bacteria with 13C-enriched products of halotolerant eukaryotic algae. At lower salinities, a change in the producer community is marked by a decrease in the 13C content of algal lipids. The content of 13C in algal lipids increases in the least saline facies, due either to succession of different organisms or to decreased concentrations of dissolved CO2. 相似文献