A diffusion model for the development of a boundary layer in lakes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Frank Peeters  Gabriel Piepke  Manuel Gloor 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1997,59(2):95-114

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Stratospheric ozone variability near the IMF sector boundary     

Jan Laštovička  Manuel Gil  Reviewer L. Křivský 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1988,32(3):313-317

Summary We search for the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) sector boundary crossing (SBC) in upper stratospheric ozone. The SBUV data (Nimbus-7) at the 10, 3 and 1 hPa levels are analysed for latitudes 45° N and 55° N for winters of the period December 1979 to December 1982. An effect of the IMF SBC wos only found at the 10 hPa level. These first results concerning the IMF SBC effect in upper stratospheric ozone are rather preliminary.

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¶rt;m uu nu mau () nam aum n () a mam. SBUV ¶rt;a (u-7) a nm ¶rt;au 10, 3 u 1a aauum ¶rt; um 45° u 55° . . ua nu¶rt;a ¶rt;a 1979 – ¶rt;a 1982. m uu a¶rt; m a 10a. mu n mam n uuu a mam m n¶rt;aumu.

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Geochronology of and Nd—Sr—Pb Isotopic Evidence for Mantle Source in the Ancient Subduction Zone beneath Sanshui Basin,Guangdong Province,China     

朱炳泉  蒲志平 《中国地球化学学报》1989,8(1):65-71

The available petrochemical data indicate that volcanic rocks in the Sanshui basin of Guangdong Prov-ince are characteristic of the island-arc tholeiite-calc-alkaline series.Their K-Ar ages range from 43 to 64 Ma,corresponding to Early Tertiary.The Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic correlations give two binary mixing trends,indicating a mixed source of Leiqiong depleted mantle,seawater and altered sediments pertaining to subduction.Our studies have confirmed the existence of an ancient subduction zone beneath the South Chi-na continent,which is considered to have resulted from the suturing of various terrains in southern China.  相似文献   

The Allochthony of the Argentine Precordillera Ten Years Later (1993–2003): A New Paleobiogeographic Test of the Microcontinental Model     

Juan L. Benedetto   《Gondwana Research》2004,7(4):1027-1039

Recent and new faunal data from the Cambrian to Silurian rocks of the Precordillera, Famatina and Northwest Argentina basins are used to discriminate between different paleogeographic models, and especially to establish to what extent they are compatible with a previous conclusion that the Precordillera is a Laurentian-derived microcontinent. There is no paleontological evidence to support a para-autochthonous Gondwanan origin of the Precordillera. The strong differences in the Cambrian trilobite faunas and lithologic successions preclude a common origin of the Precordillera terrane, eastern Antarctica and South Africa. Recent discoveries of brachiopods and organisms of the Phylum Agmata strengthened Laurentian affinities during the Cambrian. The latest Cambrian-early Ordovician faunas that inhabited the autochthonous Northwest Argentina basin, including the western Puna volcaniclastic successions, are mostly peri-Gondwanan. The early Ordovician brachiopods, ostracods and trilobites display mixed Laurentian, Baltic and Avalonian biogeographical links supporting a drifting of the Precordillera across the Iapetus Ocean. Increasing Gondwanan elements during the Llanvirn, along with varied geological evidence, indicate that the first stages of collision may have begun at that time, involving a major change in the plate kinematics. The distribution of facies and faunas, basin development, and timing of deformation are interpreted as resulting from a north to south diachronous closing of the remnant basin during the last phases of convergence and oblique collision of the Precordillera terrane with the Gondwana margin. The high level of endemism of Caradoc faunas may be a consequence of the rearrangement and partial isolation of sedimentary areas during the strike-slip movement of the colliding Precordillera plate with respect to the Gondwana margin. Suggested relationships between facies distribution, geographic barriers and faunal migrations before and during the collision are depicted in a series of schematic reconstructions at five time slices from late Cambrian to Silurian.  相似文献   

GIS在天然矿泉水资源信息管理中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢文喜  李娟  滕继奎  于明宽 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,(Z1)

通过开发GIS的通用功能与运用VB编程完成的特殊功能的镶嵌集成,研制出适合用户需求的、整体功能强大的吉林省天然矿泉水资源管理信息系统。该系统不仅实现了含有矿泉分布的电子地图的控制管理,而且还实现了对于矿泉水属性信息单条件或多条件下的精确查询和模糊查询,以及查询结果的任意选项的打印输出。此外,本系统还通过多个软件的联合运用,实现了丰富多彩的多媒体功能。  相似文献   

Ore mineralogy,fluid inclusion,and stable isotopic characteristics of stratiform copper deposits in the coastal Cordillera of northern Chile     

Shoji Kojima  José Astudillo  Juan Rojo  Dania Tristá  Ken-ichiro Hayashi 《Mineralium Deposita》2003,38(2):208-216

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An alternative model for positive shifts in shallow-marine carbonate δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O     

Adrian Immenhauser  Giovanna Della Porta  Jeroen A. M. Kenter  Juan R. Bahamonde† 《Sedimentology》2003,50(5):953-959

Abstract Positive shifts in global seawater δ¹³C_DIC are related to changes in the ratio of organic relative to inorganic carbon burial in oceanic basins, whereas factors such as climatic cooling and the accumulation of polar ice are known to cause positive shifts in δ¹⁸O. Here, an alternative model is proposed for the formation of local positive isotope shifts in shallow-marine settings. The model involves geochemically altered platform-top water masses and the effects of early meteoric diagenesis on carbonate isotopic composition. Both mechanisms are active on modern (sub)tropical carbonate platforms and result in low carbonate δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O relative to typical oceanic values. During high-amplitude transgressive events, the impact of isotopically light meteoric fluids on the carbonate geochemistry is much reduced, and ¹³C-depleted platform-top water mixes with open oceanic water masses having higher isotope values. Both factors are recorded as a transient increase in carbonate ¹³C and ¹⁸O relative to low background values. These processes must be taken into consideration when interpreting the geochemical record of ancient epeiric seas.  相似文献   

Uptake of dissolved Cd by biogenic and abiogenic aragonite: a comparison with sorption onto calcite   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Manuel Prieto  Pablo Cubillas 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2003,67(20):3859-3869

The uptake of Cd²⁺ by aragonite and calcite is investigated by combining macroscopic measurements with some qualitative sorption experiments performed in a hydrogel medium. Both biogenic and abiogenic aragonites were studied in order to evaluate the process on materials with different textures. Assuming that sorption occurs by surface precipitation of metal-bearing solids, the gel produces a drastic decrease in the nucleation density, which allows for the precipitation of crystallites that are large enough to be analysed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized by glancing-incidence X-ray techniques. The macroscopic study reveals that aragonite is a powerful sorbent for cadmium in aqueous environments. Microscopic observations indicate that cadmium is sorbed onto aragonite by surface precipitation of (Cd, Ca)CO₃ solid solutions with a calcite-type structure. The precipitating individuals grow randomly oriented on the surface to reach sizes in the micrometre range. As a consequence, the concentration of cadmium in the aqueous solution decreases dramatically to values controlled by the low solubility of the cadmium-rich end member. This mechanism involves simultaneous dissolution-crystallization and is the same for both abiogenic and biogenic aragonites, the only difference being a result of the higher specific surface area of the biogenic starting material. Long-term uptake of cadmium by calcite occurs through a similar dissolution-crystallization mechanism, the final outcome being virtually the same, that is, surface precipitation of (Cd,Ca)CO₃ solid solutions. In this case, however, substrate and precipitate are isostructural and the process occurs by oriented overgrowth of thin lamellar crystallites, which spread to quickly cover the surface by a layer a few nanometers thick. This epitaxial layer armors the substrate from further dissolution, so that the process stops when only a small amount of cadmium has been removed from the fluid. As a result, the “sorption capacity” of calcite is considerably lower than that of aragonite. The study illustrates reaction pathways and “partial” equilibrium endpoints in surface-precipitation processes involving solid solutions.  相似文献   

论西部地区的城镇网络化发展   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

曾菊新  冯娟  蔡靖方 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(1):22-25

西部地区生态环境脆弱，基础设施较差，城市化尚处于起步阶段，要尽快缩小东西之间的地区差距，进行西部大开发，必须合理地加快城市化的步伐，城市化发展有着其自身的规律，城市化是区域经济发展的函数。文章首先阐明了城镇网络化的概念，并全面分析了西部地区之所以要走城镇网络化发展之路的主要原因，其次，指出西部地区城镇网络化发展应重点突出走廊型城镇网络化发展模式以及区域性城镇网络化发展模式并提出了在西部地区实现城镇网络化发展的基本构想。  相似文献   

Vesiculation and vesicle loss in mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses: He, Ne, Ar elemental fractionation and pressure influence     

Philippe Sarda  Manuel Moreira 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2002,66(8):1449-1458

Sarda and Graham (1990) proposed that in mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs), degassing occurs through equilibrium vesiculation followed by various extents of vesicle loss. This model predicts that in a bulk sample of MORB glass with vesicles, the rare gases represent a binary mixture between a vesicle component and a component dissolved in the melt. As vesiculation is expected to produce very different rare gas concentrations and elemental ratios in gas and melt, binary mixing systematics should be recorded in the MORB rare gas abundance data. Indeed, a large range of ⁴He/⁴⁰Ar∗ ratios was known to exist, but these binary mixing systematics remained elusive because helium was used as a proxy for rare gas abundance because helium is not affected by air addition. Here we show that using Ar instead of He, the ⁴He/⁴⁰Ar∗ ratio is higher where the Ar concentration is lower, as expected from simple binary mixing systematics.Taking advantage of the growing Ne database, we further show that the predicted binary mixing is recorded by the He-Ar and He-Ne couples, provided He concentration is not used to trace vesicle abundance. This is because a significant part of helium remains in the melt due to its higher solubility. In contrast, Ar or Ne concentrations, which can both be corrected for air addition, clearly trace vesicles and yield binary mixing patterns that hold for ridges worldwide. The model of vesiculation and vesicle loss thereby finds geochemical support in the rare gas abundance data.The He-Ne-Ar concentration data is best explained by assuming the ratio of helium to neon or argon solubility is about 5 to 15 times higher than values measured in 1 bar laboratory experiments, due to higher He and lower Ne and Ar solubilities. We propose that this is a pressure effect, and vesiculation mainly occurs during magma ascent in the mantle after melting.  相似文献