一种利用纹理特征和朴素贝叶斯分类器检测近景影像植被的方法     

詹总谦  来冰华  万杰  李楼 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2013,38(6):665-668

针对植被对近景摄影测量自动滑坡监测影响严重的问题,提出了一种基于纹理特征和朴素贝叶斯分类器的滑坡植被区域检测算法。对算法的有效性、影像对比度拉伸以及样本训练通用性对检测植被区域的效果等若干问题进行了实验探讨。通过与基于视觉认知特征的检测方法比较,验证了本算法的实用性和有效性。实验结果表明,本文算法能够很好地检测出近景影像中的植被区域,结果比较满意。  相似文献   

AutoCAD Civil 3D和3ds Max Design在道路建模中的应用     

李俊超  李楼 《测绘通报》2013,(2):91-94

介绍利用AutoCAD Civil 3D进行道路建模的过程,并将Civil 3D道路模型导入到3ds Max Design中作进一步加工,从而进一步获取道路的三维景观模型.  相似文献   

白利雅盆地构造地貌解析及鲜水河断裂北西段水平滑移速率     

李建忠  刘宇平  李安明  高永娟  任静  梁虹 《第四纪研究》2012,32(5)

白利雅盆地位于青藏高原东部,鲜水河断裂带北西段炉霍活断层与达曲活断层的斜接部位.通过野外实际考查,结合Google Earth地图发现白利雅盆地发育一系列的构造地貌:断层三角面、坡中槽、断错阶地、废弃河道、裂陷湖和阶地面变形.盆地发育的4级阶地是构造成因.废弃河道是新的断裂活动形成的新冲沟、新河道——达曲,其快速下切,废弃老河道,形成狭长的‘U’型沟谷.鲜水河断裂的北西段炉霍活断层切过T3河流阶地,说明其(白利雅以北)是在大约14.92kaB.P.以后形成的,可能预示着构造应力场的变化和白利雅盆地形成.对盆地4级阶地(T1,T2,T3和T4)的河流沉积物光释光(OSL)测年结果分别是1.06±0.06kaB.P.,1.83±0.06kaB.P.,14.92±0.76kaB.P.和42.48±2.35kaB.P,代表了相应阶地的沉积年龄.这些结果与阶地前缘陡坎断错的距离计算显示,从42.48kaB.P.和14.92kaB.P.以来,断层走向平均移动速率分别为3.73mm/a和0.85mm/a,显示从中更新世晚期以来,鲜水河断裂带炉霍活断层水平滑移有减慢的趋势.在42.48 ～ 14.92kaB.P.,14.92～1.83kaB.P.和1.83 ～ 1.06kaB.P.,相邻阶地垂向隆升或河流下切的速率分别为0.14mm/a(T4～T3),4.66mm/a(T3 ～ T2)和5.19mm/a(T2～ T1),显示从中更新世晚期以来,阶地垂直隆升或河流下切有加快的趋势.  相似文献   

Fine assessment of tropical cyclone disasters based on GIS and SVM in Zhejiang Province, China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Weiping Lou  Haiyan Chen  Xiaoling Shen  Ke Sun  Shengrong Deng 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(1):511-529

Tropical cyclones represent major natural disasters in low- and mid-latitude coastal areas. Effective assessment of tropical cyclone disasters provides a scientific reference for the formulation of tropical cyclone prevention and disaster-relief measures. Tropical cyclone disasters in Zhejiang Province are mainly studied based on GIS technology, by considering disaster-causing factors, disaster-affected bodies, the disaster-formative environment, and spatial distribution of disaster prevention and relief capacity. In light of an uncertain nonlinear relationship between assessment factors and disaster factors, we used support vector machines to establish a fine, quantitative assessment model. This model evaluates the following disaster indices: Disaster-affected population, direct economic loss, affected crop area, and number of damaged houses resulting from a tropical cyclone disaster in Zhejiang, with the county as basic assessment unit. Assessment of tropical cyclone No. 0908 shows that the developed assessment model is able to accurately evaluate the geographical distribution of losses caused by a tropical cyclone.  相似文献   

Assessment of economic losses from tropical cyclone disasters based on PCA-BP   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wei-ping Lou  Hai-yan Chen  Xin-fa Qiu  Qi-yi Tang  Feng Zheng 《Natural Hazards》2012,60(3):819-829

Tropical cyclones are the most common natural disasters in coastal regions and are the most costly in terms of economic losses. Economic loss assessment is the basis for disaster prevention and alleviation and for insurance indemnification. We use data from 1970 to 2008 for Zhejiang Province, China, in this study evaluating economic losses. We convert direct economic losses from tropical cyclone disasters in Zhejiang Province into indices of direct economic losses. To establish our assessment model, we process disaster-inducing assessment factors, disaster-formative environments and disaster-affected bodies using the principal component analysis method, and we abstract the principal component as the input of a BP neural network model. We found in the actual assessments of five tropical cyclones affecting Zhejiang Province in 2007 and 2008 that the post-disaster loss assessment values of tropical cyclones were higher than the actual losses, but that for more severe storms, the gap was smaller. This reflects the beneficial effect of efforts toward disaster prevention and alleviation for severe tropical cyclones. Pre-assessments based on relatively accurate forecast values of wind and precipitation at the start of a tropical cyclone have been in accordance with the post-disaster assessment values, while the pre-assessment results using less accurate forecast values have been unsatisfactory. Therefore, this model can be applied in the actual assessment of direct economic loss from tropical cyclone damage, but increasingly accurate forecasting of wind and precipitation remains crucial to improving the accuracy of pre-assessments.  相似文献   

A comprehensive survey of lignin geochemistry in the sedimentary organic matter along the Kapuas River (West Kalimantan, Indonesia)     

Pei Sun Loh  Chen-Tung Arthur ChenGusti Z. Anshari  Jough-Tai WangJiann-Yuh Lou  Shu-Lun Wang 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2012,43(1):118-129

In this first study of lignin geochemistry in the world’s longest river on an island, surface sediments were collected along the Kapuas River, three lakes in the upper river, a tributary in the lower river and a separate river during June-July 2007 and December 2007-January 2008. The samples were analyzed for lignin-derived phenols and bulk elemental and stable carbon isotope compositions. Λ values (the sum of eight lignin phenols, expressed as mg/100 mg organic carbon (OC)) ranged from 0.13 to 3.70. Ratios of syringyl/vanillyl (S/V) and cinnamyl/vanillyl (C/V) ranged from 0.34 to 1.18 and 0.28 to 1.40, respectively, indicating the presence of non-woody angiosperm tissues. The high vanillic acid to vanillin (Ad/Al)v (0.71-2.01) and syringic acid to syringaldehyde (Ad/Al)s (0.72-2.12) ratios indicate highly degraded lignin materials. In the upper Kapuas River, highly degraded soil materials discharged from lands that were barren as a result of deforestation activities were detected in the locations directly in those vicinities. The middle Kapuas River showed rapid organic matter degradation, probably due to the presence of fresh terrestrial and phytoplankton organic matter fueling the biogeochemical cycling. The Kapuas Kecil River, one of the two branches in the lower reach of the Kapuas River, showed higher levels and diagenesis of sedimentary organic matter due to input from anthropogenic sources and increased marine organic matter near the mouth. This study shows that different stretches along the river exhibit different levels and composition of sedimentary organic matter, as well as different carbon dynamics, which is directly attributable to the varying landscapes and quality of organic matter.  相似文献   

水电站GPS变形监测网的数据处理及稳定性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周命端  郭际明  许映林  李玉平  李琛 《测绘通报》2011,(7):30-33

以2009年观测数据为例,应用GAM IT软件和CosaGPS软件对山口水电站GPS变形监测A级网的数据进行处理。探讨高精度GPS网数据处理的方法和过程,比较研究两期观测成果,分析GPS变形监测网基准点的稳定性,为山口水电站GPS变形监测提供参考。  相似文献   

Changes in daily climate extremes in China and their connection to the large scale atmospheric circulation during 1961–2003     

Qinglong You  Shichang Kang  Enric Aguilar  Nick Pepin  Wolfgang-Albert Flügel  Yuping Yan  Yanwei Xu  Yongjun Zhang  Jie Huang 《Climate Dynamics》2011,36(11-12):2399-2417

  相似文献   

Steim2压缩算法的优点和缺点     

王翠芳  王松  邵玉平  杨晓源 《国际地震动态》2011,(2):14-18

基于SEED卷格式的Steim2压缩算法, 是目前国际国内的地震数据传输和本地存储中普遍采用的压缩算法, 该算法优点突出, 缺点明显. 其优点是:摸准了地震事件"长期平静"和"长期无震"的特点, 是专门符合该特点量身定做的数据压缩算法, 有显著的独到之处. 其缺点是:在地震事件"活跃期"或"突发期", 即对数据压缩需求...  相似文献   

鄂东丰山矿田花岗闪长斑岩体锆石SHRIMP U－Pb定年及其意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈富文  梅玉萍  李华芹 《地质学报》2011,85(1):88-96

鄂东丰山矿田是长江中下游多金属成矿带的重要组成部分,由鸡笼山、丰山和李家湾等大－中型铜金多金属矿床组成。矿体产于燕山期花岗闪长斑岩体与三叠系碳酸盐岩接触带中,成矿作用与燕山期花岗闪长斑岩密切相关。作者采用锆石SHRIMP U－Pb定年方法对鸡笼山和丰山矿区成矿斑岩体进行了年代学研究,获得鸡笼山和丰山花岗闪长斑岩的锆石微区原位SHRIMP U－Pb年龄分别为138±2Ma（95%可信度,MSWD=5.1）和137±2Ma（95%可信度,MSWD=1.4）,与前人已报道的鄂东南矿集区内典型铜－金－钼－（钨）矿床中辉钼矿Re－Os等时线年龄（140Ma±）吻合,表明丰山矿田成岩成矿事件均发生于早白垩世。本次研究还在鸡笼山花岗闪长斑岩体中发现了新太古代锆石年龄信息,证实了扬子陆块北缘可能存在新太古－古元古代结晶基底。  相似文献