Rainfall–runoff,flood inundation and sensitivity analysis of the 2014 Pakistan flood in the Jhelum and Chenab river basin     

Muhammad Junaid Siddiqui  Sajjad Haider  H.F. Gabriel  Aamir Shahzad 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(13-14):1976-1997

ABSTRACT

The major flood of 2014 in the two eastern, transboundary rivers, the Jhelum and Chenab in Punjab, Pakistan, was simulated using the two-dimensional rainfall–runoff model. The simulated hydrograph showed good agreement with the observed discharge at the model outlet and intervening barrages, with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.86 at the basin outlet. Further, simulated flood inundation extent showed good agreement with the MODIS imagery with a fit (%) of 0.87. For some affected areas that experienced short-duration flooding, local housing damage data confirmed the simulated results. Besides the rainfall–runoff and flood inundation modelling, parameter sensitivity analysis was undertaken to identify the influence of various river and floodplain parameters. The analysis showed that the river channel geometric parameters and the roughness coefficients exerted the primary influence over flood extent and peak flow.  相似文献   

Sheared ion flow driven nonlinear coherent structures in inhomogeneous electron-positron-ion quantum magnetoplasmas     

W. Masood  Arshad M. Mirza 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2012,342(2):443-447

Nonlinear equations governing the dynamics of finite amplitude drift-acoustic-waves are derived by taking into account sheared ion flow perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field in a quantum magnetoplasma comprised of electrons, positrons, and ions. It is shown that stationary solution of the nonlinear equations can be represented in the form of a counter-rotating vortex for a particular choice of the equilibrium profile. The counter rotating vortices are, however, observed to form on very short scales i.e., of the order of ion Larmor radius ρ _i in quantum plasmas. It is observed that the scalelengths over which these structures form get modified in the presence of quantum statistical and Bohm potential terms as well as the positron concentration. The relevance of the present investigation with regard to dense astrophysical environments is also pointed out.  相似文献   

Structural Investigations of Afghanistan Deduced from Remote Sensing and Potential Field Data     

Hakim Saibi  Masood Azizi  Saad Mogren 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(4):978-1003

This study integrates potential gravity and magnetic field data with remotely sensed images and geological data in an effort to understand the subsurface major geological structures in Afghanistan. Integrated analysis of Landsat SRTM data was applied for extraction of geological lineaments. The potential field data were analyzed using gradient interpretation techniques, such as analytic signal (AS), tilt derivative (TDR), horizontal gradient of the tilt derivative (HG-TDR), Euler Deconvolution (ED) and power spectrum methods, and results were correlated with known geological structures.The analysis of remote sensing data and potential field data reveals the regional geological structural characteristics of Afghanistan. The power spectrum analysis of magnetic and gravity data suggests shallow basement rocks at around 1 to 1.5 km depth. The results of TDR of potential field data are in agreement with the location of the major regional fault structures and also the location of the basins and swells, except in the Helmand region (SW Afghanistan) where many high potential field anomalies are observed and attributed to batholiths and near-surface volcanic rocks intrusions.A high-resolution airborne geophysical survey in the data sparse region of eastern Afghanistan is recommended in order to have a complete image of the potential field anomalies.  相似文献   

Maximum Sustainable Yield Estimates of Ladypees,Sillago sihama(Forsskl),Fishery in Pakistan Using the ASPIC and CEDA Packages     

Sher Khan Panhwar  Fozia Khan  Pirzada J.A.Siddiqui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):93-98

Using surplus production model packages of ASPIC(a stock-production model incorporating covariates) and CEDA(Catch effort data analysis),we analyzed the catch and effort data of Sillago sihama fishery in Pakistan.ASPIC estimates the pa-rameters of MSY(maximum sustainable yield),Fmsy(fishing mortality),q(catchability coefficient),K(carrying capacity or unexploited biomass) and B1/K(maximum sustainable yield over initial biomass).The estimated non-bootstrapped value of MSY based on logistic was 598 t and that based on the Fox model was 415 t,which showed that the Fox model estimation was more conservative than that with the logistic model.The R2 with the logistic model(0.702) is larger than that with the Fox model(0.541),which indicates a better fit.The coefficient of variation(cv) of the estimated MSY was about 0.3,except for a larger value 88.87 and a smaller value of 0.173.In contrast to the ASPIC results,the R2 with the Fox model(0.651-0.692) was larger than that with the Schaefer model(0.435-0.567),indicating a better fit.The key parameters of CEDA are:MSY,K,q,and r(intrinsic growth),and the three error assumptions in using the models are normal,log normal and gamma.Parameter estimates from the Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson models were similar.The MSY estimations from the above two models were 398 t,549 t and 398 t for normal,log-normal and gamma error distributions,re-spectively.The MSY estimates from the Fox model were 381 t,366 t and 366 t for the above three error assumptions,respectively.The Fox model estimates were smaller than those for the Schaefer and the Pella-Tomlinson models.In the light of the MSY estimations of 415 t from ASPIC for the Fox model and 381 t from CEDA for the Fox model,MSY for S.sihama is about 400 t.As the catch in 2003 was 401 t,we would suggest the fishery should be kept at the current level.Production models used here depend on the assumption that CPUE(catch per unit effort) data used in the study can reliably quantify temporal variability in population abundance,hence the mod-eling results would be wrong if such an assumption is not met.Because the reliability of this CPUE data in indexing fish population abundance is unknown,we should be cautious with the interpretation and use of the derived population and management parameters.  相似文献   

A unified presentation of the Voigt functions     

A. Siddiqui 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1990,167(2):263-269

In the present paper, we have given a generalization of a unified study of the Voigt functionsK(x, y) andL(x, y) obtained by Srivastava and Miller (1987; Vol. 135, pp. 111–118) which play an important role in several diverse fields of physics-such as astrophysical spectroscopy and the theory of neutron reactions. Explicit expressions for these functions are given in terms of relatively more familiar special functions of one and two variables; indeed, each of these representations will naturally lead to various other needed properties of the Voigt functions.  相似文献   

Recent Sea Level and Sea Surface Temperature Trends Along the Bangladesh Coast in Relation to the Frequency of Intense Cyclones     

Tariq Masood Ali Khan  O. P. Singh  Md. Sazedur Rahman 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(2):103-116

The French Transportable Laser Ranging System (FTLRS) was deployed in the calibration site of satellite radar altimeters in Corsica over the 2002 and 2005 campaigns. The paper describes the different steps of SLR data processing. The average arcs RMS obtained are about 1–2 cm for Lageos-1&;-2, Starlette and Stella satellites; it is shown that the best results of satellite orbits determination and geocentric positioning are obtained with Eigen-Grace03s gravity model. The difference of FTLRS absolute 3D positioning, between 2002 and 2005, of about 7.7 mm (i.e., 2.6 mm/yr) is less than residual errors of ITRF2005 velocities (of about 4.3 mm/yr).  相似文献   

Gluon polarization at finite temperature and density     

Samina S. Masood  Mahnaz Q. Haseeb 《Astroparticle Physics》1995,3(4):405-412

We calculate the gluon self-mass and the QCD coupling constant at finite temperature in the real-time formalism up to the first loop level. The expressions are derived in a form that is valid for all temperature ranges in QCD. Using these results the dynamically generated mass of gluons and the plasma screening length can be determined from their effective potential.  相似文献   

A dynamic theory of hydrocarbon migration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fareed I. Siddiqui  Larry W. Lake 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(3):305-327

This paper presents a new analysis of secondary migration of hydrocarbon that does not require capillary forces for trapping, but instead uses the method of characteristics and wave theory. The waves change speed and either reflect or refract (or partially reflect and partially refract) as they contact with layers of different flow capacities. Reflection of a certain wave from a boundary starts hydrocarbon accumulation below that boundary. The method is easy to use and conforms readily to graphical solution. For the sake of simplicity there is only two-phase flow. The application of this method gives new insights into the physics of migration and entrapment of oil. The method gives realistic times for oil accumulation and points to oil generation rate as the most sensitive variable. Oil and water densities, viscosities, and permeability are also important. We find that at the very small generation rates usually assumed the time required to develop a given column thickness is insensitive to the distance from the source rock. In general, the method also predicts a non-uniform saturation in the oil column caused by an interaction between buoyancy and viscous forces. Being based on the dynamic interactions of viscous and buoyancy forces, our theory is considerably at odds with hydrostatic approaches. We assume no capillary pressure, one-dimensional flow, and no regional groundwater flow, conditions which are not realized in actual migration. The theory should be viewed therefore as an end member of a more general theory; nevertheless, the largely graphical solutions give fundamental insights that are difficult to obtain by other techniques.  相似文献   

Tuned liquid dampers for controlling earthquake response of structures by P. Banerji et al., Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn. 2000; 29(5):587–602     

Swaroop K. Yalla  Ahsan Kareem 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(4):1037-1039

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Acute and chronic toxic effects of the carbamate pesticide Sevin on some haematological,biochemical and enzymatic parameters in the fresh water teleost fish Channa punctatus     

K. V. Sastry  A. A. Siddiqui  M. Samurl 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1988,16(6):625-631

The effects of exposure to LC₅₀ (10.5 mg/l) for 96 h and to a sublethal concentration (1.05 mg/l) of Sevin for 120 days have been observed on some haematological, biochemical and enzymatic parameters of Channa punctatus. The fish were hyperglycemic and hyperlactemic and the glycogen content of the liver and muscles decreased, but the lactic acid content of two tissues increased. The activity of hexokinase increased in the kidney, intestine, liver and muscles but decreased in the gills and brain. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase decreased in the kidney and intestine, and increased in the liver, muscles, brain and gills. The pyruvate dehydrogenase activity decreased in all the six tissues. Both the exposures produced a decrease in the succinate dehydrogenase activity of the liver. The enzyme activity decreased in the brain, gills and muscles after chronic exposure, whereas the kidney and intestine showed an elevation in enzyme activity.  相似文献