Eurocode 8-compatible synthetic time-series as input to dynamic analysis     

Mathieu Causse  Aurore Laurendeau  Matthieu Perrault  John Douglas  Luis Fabian Bonilla  Philippe Guéguen 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(2):755-768

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of existing or planned structures often requires the use of accelerograms that match a target design spectrum. Here, our main concern is to generate a set of motions with a good level of fit to the Eurocode 8 design spectra for France. Synthetic time series are generated by means of a non-stationary stochastic method. To calibrate the input parameters in the stochastic approach, we select a reference set of accelerograms for a Eurocode 8 type B site category from the PEER Ground-Motion Database, which are then adjusted to the target spectrum through wavelet addition. Then, we compute nonlinear seismic responses of a soil column, including pore pressure effects, and brittle and ductile structures to the stochastic time-series, the natural accelerograms and time-series generated using stationary stochastic approaches. The results of these calculations reveal considerable variability in response despite the similarities in terms of spectral acceleration.  相似文献   

Innovative Germicidal UV and Photocatalytic System Dedicated to Aircraft Cabin Eliminates Volatile Organic Compounds and Pathogenic Micro‐Organisms          下载免费PDF全文

Laurent Gorvel  Matthieu Yver  Evelyne Robert  Michel Harmant  Manuel Rosa‐Calatrava  Bruno Lina  Jean Pierre Gorvel  Vincent Moulès  Raphaël Albalate  Carole Gaüzère 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(6):703-712

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Behavior of arsenic and antimony in the surface freshwater reaches of a highly turbid estuary, the Gironde Estuary, France   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Matthieu Masson  Jrg Schfer  Grard Blanc  Aymeric Dabrin  Sabine Castelle  Gilbert Lavaux 《Applied Geochemistry》2009,24(9):1747-1756

This study reports on the behavior of two redox-sensitive elements, As and Sb, along the turbidity gradient in the freshwater reaches of the turbid Gironde Estuary. During a 17-month survey, surface water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) were sampled monthly at six sites representing both fluvial branches of the Gironde Estuary. Additionally, two longitudinal high resolution profiles were sampled along the fluvial estuary of the Garonne Branch during two contrasted seasons, i.e. with and without the presence of the maximum turbidity zone (MTZ). Seasonal variability and spatial distribution of dissolved (<0.2 μm; <0.02 μm) and particulate As, Sb and Fe were measured and combined with SPM data to understand metalloid behavior in the estuarine freshwater turbidity gradient.At the two main fluvial entries of the Gironde Estuary, dissolved As and Sb concentrations showed strong (by a factor of 2–4) seasonal variations, that were only partly controlled by discharge-related dilution. Seasonal addition of dissolved As and Sb was attributed to the degradation of particulate As and Sb carrier phases in bottom sediment and/or in the adjacent aquifers, rather than release from SPM. In the surface freshwater reaches of the Gironde Estuary, Sb behaved conservatively under all hydrological conditions. In contrast, As was strongly reactive in the presence of the MTZ, with opposite behaviors in the two fluvial branches of the estuary: in the Garonne Branch As was removed from the dissolved phase, whereas in the Dordogne Branch As was added. Redistribution of As between the dissolved and the particulate phases along the turbidity gradient in estuarine freshwater only affected the <0.02 μm fraction, as the 0.02–0.2 μm fraction remained constant (300 ng L⁻¹ in September 2005). Accordingly, As removal seemed to be decoupled from concomitant “colloidal” (0.02–0.2 μm) Fe flocculation in the turbidity gradient. The contrasting behavior of dissolved As in the fluvial estuaries of the Garonne and Dordogne Branches was attributed to sorption processes during equilibration of river-borne dissolved As with estuarine SPM forming the MTZ. This equilibrium, described by a distinct distribution coefficient K_d(As)  11,000 L kg⁻¹ in the MTZ, resulted in either As release (desorption; Dordogne Branch) or removal (adsorption; Garonne Branch) in the respective fluvial estuaries. A mixing experiment under controlled laboratory conditions tended to support that equilibration between the dissolved phase and MTZ particles may induce both As release and removal in the estuarine freshwater reaches, with As distribution evolving towards a distinct K_d value for increasing SPM concentrations. The long-term survey allowed estimating annual (2004) dissolved fluxes of As and, for the first time Sb, at the main fluvial entries of the Gironde Estuary at 30.7 t a⁻¹ and 3.2 t a⁻¹ (Garonne River) and at 8.0 t a⁻¹ and 2.3 t a⁻¹ (Dordogne River), respectively.  相似文献   

Observed year-to-year sea surface salinity variability in the Bay of Bengal during the 2009–2014 period     

Akurathi Venkata Sai Chaitanya  Fabien Durand  Simi Mathew  Vissa Venkata Gopalakrishna  Fabrice Papa  Matthieu Lengaigne  Jerome Vialard  Chanda Kranthikumar  R. Venkatesan 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(2):173-186

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Erratum to: Observed year-to-year sea surface salinity variability in the Bay of Bengal during the 2009–2014 period     

Akurathi Venkata Sai Chaitanya  Fabien Durand  Simi Mathew  Vissa Venkata Gopalakrishna  Fabrice Papa  Matthieu Lengaigne  Jerome Vialard  Chanda Kranthikumar  R. Venkatesan 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(3):467-467

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Processes of India’s offshore summer intraseasonal sea surface temperature variability     

Nisha Kurian  Matthieu Lengaigne  Gopalakrishna Venkata Vissa  Jerome Vialard  Stephane Pous  Anne-Charlotte Peter  Fabien Durand  Shweta Naik 《Ocean Dynamics》2013,63(4):329-346

Active and break phases of the Indian summer monsoon are associated with sea surface temperature (SST) fluctuations at 30–90 days timescale in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Mechanisms responsible for basin-scale intraseasonal SST variations have previously been discussed, but the maxima of SST variability are actually located in three specific offshore regions: the South-Eastern Arabian Sea (SEAS), the Southern Tip of India (STI) and the North-Western Bay of Bengal (NWBoB). In the present study, we use an eddy-permitting 0.25° regional ocean model to investigate mechanisms of this offshore intraseasonal SST variability. Modelled climatological mixed layer and upper thermocline depth are in very good agreement with estimates from three repeated expendable bathythermograph transects perpendicular to the Indian Coast. The model intraseasonal forcing and SST variability agree well with observed estimates, although modelled intraseasonal offshore SST amplitude is undere-stimated by 20–30 %. Our analysis reveals that surface heat flux variations drive a large part of the intraseasonal SST variations along the Indian coastline while oceanic processes have contrasted contributions depending of the region considered. In the SEAS, this contribution is very small because intraseasonal wind variations are essentially cross-shore, and thus not associated with significant upwelling intraseasonal fluctuations. In the STI, vertical advection associated with Ekman pumping contributes to ～30 % of the SST fluctuations. In the NWBoB, vertical mixing diminishes the SST variations driven by the atmospheric heat flux perturbations by 40 %. Simple slab ocean model integrations show that the amplitude of these intraseasonal SST signals is not very sensitive to the heat flux dataset used, but more sensitive to mixed layer depth.  相似文献   

Using experimental data to reduce the single-building sigma of fragility curves: case study of the BRD tower in Bucharest, Romania   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Matthieu Perrault  Philippe Gueguen  Alexandru Aldea  Sorin Demetriu 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(4):643-658

The lack of knowledge concerning modelling existing buildings leads to significant variability in fragility curves for single or grouped existing buildings. This study aims to investigate the uncertainties of fragility curves, with special consideration of the single-building sigma. Experimental data and simplified models are applied to the BRD tower in Bucharest, Romania, a RC building with permanent instrumentation. A three-step methodology is applied： （1） adjustment of a linear MDOF model for experimental modal analysis using a Timoshenko beam model and based on Anderson＇s criteria, （2） computation of the structure＇s response to a large set of accelerograms simulated by SIMQKE software, considering twelve ground motion parameters as intensity measurements （IM）, and （3） construction of the fragility curves by comparing numerical interstory drift with the threshold criteria provided by the Hazus methodology for the slight damage state. By introducing experimental data into the model, uncertainty is reduced to 0.02 considering Sd ） as seismic intensity IM and uncertainty related to the model is assessed at 0.03. These values must be compared with the total uncertainty value of around 0.7 provided by the Hazus methodology.  相似文献   

Galileo single frequency ionospheric correction: performances in terms of position   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Benoît Bidaine  Matthieu Lonchay  René Warnant 《GPS Solutions》2013,17(1):63-73

For GPS single frequency users, the ionospheric contribution to the error budget is estimated by the well-known Klobuchar algorithm. For Galileo, it will be mitigated by a global algorithm based on the NeQuick model. This algorithm relies on the adaptation of the model to slant Total Electron Content (sTEC) measurements. Although the performance specifications of these algorithms are expressed in terms of delay and TEC, the users might be more interested in their impact on positioning. Therefore, we assessed the ability of the algorithms to improve the positioning accuracy using globally distributed permanent stations for the year 2002 marked by a high level of solar activity. We present uncorrected and corrected performances, interpret these and identify potential causes for Galileo correction discrepancies. We show vertical errors dropping by 56–64 % due to the analyzed ionospheric corrections, but horizontal errors decreasing by 27 % at most. By means of a fictitious symmetric satellite distribution, we highlight the role of TEC gradients in residual errors. We describe mechanisms permitted by the Galileo correction, which combine sTEC adaptation and topside mismodeling, and limit the horizontal accuracy. Hence, we support further investigation of potential alternative ionospheric corrections. We also provide an interesting insight into the ionospheric effects possibly experienced during the next solar maximum coinciding with Galileo Initial Operation Capability.  相似文献   

Micro- and nano-textural evidence of Ti(–Ca–Fe) mobility during fluid–rock interactions in carbonaceous lawsonite-bearing rocks from New Zealand     

Matthieu?E.?GalvezEmail author  Olivier?Beyssac  Karim?Benzerara  Nicolas?Menguy  Sylvain?Bernard  Simon?C.?Cox 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2012,164(5):895-914

Understanding the mobility of chemical elements during fluid–rock interactions is critical to assess the geochemical evolution of a rock undergoing burial and metamorphism and, more generally, to constrain the geochemical budget of the subduction factory. In particular, determining the behavior and mobility of Ti in aqueous fluids constitutes a great challenge that is still under scrutiny. Here, we study plant fossils preserved in blueschist metasedimentary rocks from the Marybank Formation (New Zealand). Using scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), we show that the carbonaceous material (CM) composing the fossils contains abundant nano-inclusions of Ti- and Fe-oxides. These nanocrystals are mainly anatase, rutile, and Fe–Ti oxides. The mineral composition observed within the fossils is significantly different from that detected in the surrounding rock matrix. We propose that Ti and Fe might have been mobilized by the alteration of a detrital Ti–Fe-rich protolith during an early diagenetic event under acidic and reducing conditions. Aqueous fluids rich in organic ligands released by the degradation of organic matter may have been involved. Moreover, using mass balance and petrological observations, we show that the contrasted mineralogy between the rock matrix and the fossil CM might be the consequence of the chemical isolation of fossil CM during the prograde path of the rock. Such an isolation results from the early formation of quartz and Fe-rich phyllosilicate layers enclosing the fossil as characterized by SEM and TEM investigations. Overall, this study shows that investigating minerals associated with CM down to the nanometer scale in metamorphic rocks can provide a precious record of early prograde geochemical conditions.  相似文献   

Stability analysis of the 2007 Chehalis lake landslide based on long-range terrestrial photogrammetry and airborne LiDAR data   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Marc-André Brideau  Matthieu Sturzenegger  Doug Stead  Michel Jaboyedoff  Martin Lawrence  Nicholas J. Roberts  Brent C. Ward  Thomas H. Millard  John J. Clague 《Landslides》2012,9(1):75-91

On December 4th 2007, a 3-Mm³ landslide occurred along the northwestern shore of Chehalis Lake. The initiation zone is located at the intersection of the main valley slope and the northern sidewall of a prominent gully. The slope failure caused a displacement wave that ran up to 38 m on the opposite shore of the lake. The landslide is temporally associated with a rain-on-snow meteorological event which is thought to have triggered it. This paper describes the Chehalis Lake landslide and presents a comparison of discontinuity orientation datasets obtained using three techniques: field measurements, terrestrial photogrammetric 3D models and an airborne LiDAR digital elevation model to describe the orientation and characteristics of the five discontinuity sets present. The discontinuity orientation data are used to perform kinematic, surface wedge limit equilibrium and three-dimensional distinct element analyses. The kinematic and surface wedge analyses suggest that the location of the slope failure (intersection of the valley slope and a gully wall) has facilitated the development of the unstable rock mass which initiated as a planar sliding failure. Results from the three-dimensional distinct element analyses suggest that the presence, orientation and high persistence of a discontinuity set dipping obliquely to the slope were critical to the development of the landslide and led to a failure mechanism dominated by planar sliding. The three-dimensional distinct element modelling also suggests that the presence of a steeply dipping discontinuity set striking perpendicular to the slope and associated with a fault exerted a significant control on the volume and extent of the failed rock mass but not on the overall stability of the slope.  相似文献