Isolation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus cereus</Emphasis> from botanical soil and subsequent biodegradation of waste engine oil     

S. Bhurgri  F. N. Talpur  S. M. Nizamani  H. I. Afridi  M. A. Surhio  Muhammad Raza Shah  C. W. Bong 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(7):1453-1466

Waste engine oil causes a vital environmental pollution when it spill during change and transportation and products of waste engine oil causes lethal effects to the living systems. Thus, abiotic and biotic approaches are being extensively used for removal of waste engine oil pollution. Therefore in present study, waste engine oil degradation was accomplished by a new bacterial culture, isolated from the soil by an enrichment technique. Morphological, biochemical and gene sequence analysis revealed that isolate was Bacillus cereus. Subsequently, biodegradation potential of B. cereus for waste engine oil was studied. Experimental variables, such as pH, substrate concentration, inoculum size, temperature and time on the biodegradation, were checked in mineral salt medium. The biodegradation efficiency of B. cereus was determined by gravimetry, UV–visible spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. In addition, waste engine oil was also characterized by GC–MS and FTIR for its major constituents, which showed total 38 components in waste engine oil, including hopanes, benzopyrene, long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, dibenzothiophenes, biphenyl and their derivatives. Results of successive biodegradation indicated that B. cereus was capable to degrade 1% of waste engine oil with 98.6% degradation potential at pH 7 within 20 days. Hence, B. cereus presents an innovative tool for removing the engine oil from the contaminated area.  相似文献   

Comparison of two alluvial aquifers shows the probable role of river sediments on the release of arsenic in the groundwater of district Vehari,Punjab, Pakistan     

Saba Fatima  Ishtiaque Hussain  Atta Rasool  Tangfu Xiao  Abida Farooqi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(10):382

The study was done to assess the effect of the river Sutlej on arsenic (As) contamination. Sampling was done from the alluvial plain with increasing distance from the river Sutlej in district Vehari and compared with the study done in the proximity of River Sutlej. Sixty (60) groundwater samples mostly from shallow depths were collected and analyzed for As concentrations. Multivariate statistical tools (PCA and CA), saturation index, piper plots and Gibbs diagrams were used to detect evidence about the interrelationship and sources of As and other water quality variables responsible for groundwater contamination. Results revealed that As concentration ranged from below detection limit to 156 µg/L indicating that 50% samples exceeding the WHO guidelines (10 µg/L) and 17% exceeding the Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits (50 µg/L) Sutlej. The piper plot revealed that water chemistry of the study area was Ca–HCO₃^?, Ca–Mg–Cl, type. Correlations between As and HCO₃^? (r²?=?0.433) was positive, while negative correlations were observed between As–Mn²⁺ and As–Fe²⁺ (r²?=???0.102), (r²?=?0.107) respectively. Geochemical signatures of the groundwater in the study area showed that the As could be released by oxidative dissolution to some extent and elevated evaporation in the arid environment of the study area under the stimulus of alkaline water and high pH (range 7.1–8.4). Although the concentrations are exceeding the WHO limit in 50% of the water samples but, are less than the previous study done in Mailsi near River Sutlej. Further, the concentrations decreased as the distance from the River increased which shows the probable role of sediments deposited by the River Sutlej.  相似文献   

Geotechnical investigation of the El-Elb dam site,northwest Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,using 2D resistivity and ground-penetrating radar techniques     

Sattam Almadani  Elkhedr Ibrahim  Mahfooz Hafez  Hussain Alfaifi  Talal Alharbi  Kamal Abdelrahman  Essam Abdel-Motaal 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(2):33

In the present study, the existence of cavities, voids, and fractures was verified at the site of the El-Elb Dam, which is located to the northwest of Riyadh City across Wadi Hanifa, using 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) techniques. For this purpose, four ERT profiles were measured on the downstream side of the El-Elb Dam using the Syscal Pro Switch-72 resistivity meter. In addition, a GPR survey using a 400-MHz antenna and a SIR-3000 instrument was conducted along five profiles above the stilling basins on the downstream side of the dam and one radar profile was measured outside the stilling basins area across the course of the wadi. The resultant geophysical data were interpreted with the aid of information from a field-based structural and stratigraphic evaluation of the outcropped bedrock on the banks of the wadi course. The analysis of the inverted ERT and filtered radar sections revealed several resistivity and electromagnetic reflection anomalies that are identified laterally and vertically across the measured sections. These anomalies indicate the presence of fractures and karst features affected the limestone bedrock in the dam site. These near-surface karstified and fractured strata represent a critical hazard to the structural safety of the dam.  相似文献   

Synthesis of biochar from sugarcane filter-cake and its impacts on physiological performance of lettuce (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lettuce sativa</Emphasis>) grown on cadmium contaminated soil     

Anum Sehar  Rukhsanda Aziz  Muhammad Tariq Rafiq  Muhammad Mazhar Hussain  Muhammad Rizwan  Adiba Khan Sehrish  Muhammad Khalid Rafiq  Jalal ud Din  Qaiser Hussain  Mohammad I. Al-Wabel  Shafaqat Ali 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(20):634

Soil contamination with cadmium has become major concern all over the world because of its adverse impacts on ecosystem health and agricultural land. Soil amendment with biochar may have varied effects on physical and chemical properties of soil. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of sugarcane filter-cake biochar on physiological performance and growth of lettuce in an aged soil. Four different doses (0, 1.5%, 3%, and 5%) of biochar were used in the soil and conditioned for 1 month. After this, lettuce seedlings were grown in the soil. The results showed that the biochar treatment improved the fresh and dry biomass of leaves and roots as well as plant height while diminished the bioavailability of cadmium from the soil. As compared to control, biochar significantly enhanced the chlorophyll content in lettuce leaves. Due to the biochar amendment, the oxidative stress decreased in lettuce shoots over the control. As compared to control, concentration of cadmium in lettuce significantly decreased after the application of biochar. It was concluded that biochar could mitigate the toxicity of cadmium in lettuce by altering the biochemical and physiological processes in cadmium contaminated soil.  相似文献   

Climate change-induced hazards and local adaptations in agriculture: a study from Koshi River Basin,Nepal     

Hussain  Abid  Rasul  Golam  Mahapatra  Bidhubhusan  Wahid  Shahriar  Tuladhar  Sabarnee 《Natural Hazards》2018,91(3):1365-1383

Natural Hazards - Changes in climate, associated hazards, local adaptations in agriculture, and socioeconomic factors affecting adaptation were investigated using data from a large survey of 2310...  相似文献   

Development of a rainwater harvesting system for increasing soil moisture in arid rangelands of Pakistan     

Sheikh Suleman  M. Karl Wood  Bashir Hussain Shah  Leigh Murray   《Journal of Arid Environments》1995,31(4)

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Preferential solution of234U from recoil tracks and234U/238U radioactive disequilibrium in natural waters     

N Hussain  D Lal 《Journal of Earth System Science》1986,95(2):245-263

A mathematical model to calculate the²³⁴U/²³⁸U activity ratio (AR) in an aqueous phase in contact with rock/soil is presented. The model relies on the supply of²³⁸U by dissolution and that of²³⁴U by dissolution and preferential release from radiation damaged regions (recoil tracks). The model predicts that values of²³⁴U/²³⁸U AR>1 in the aqueous phase can be obtained only from weathering “virgin” surfaces. Thus, to account for the observed steady-state supply of²³⁴U excess to the oceans by the preferential leaching model, ‘virgin’ rock/soil surfaces would have to be continually exposed and weathered. The²³⁸U concentration and²³⁴U/²³⁸U AR in continental waters allow us to estimate the exposure rates of “virgin” rock/soil surfaces.  相似文献   

Effect of clayey media parameters on the negative response of a coincident loop1     

Hesham M. El-Kaliouby  Safwat A. Hussain  Abd El-Rahim Bayoumi  Essam A.El-diwany  Essam A. Hashish 《Geophysical Prospecting》1995,43(5):595-603

The aim of this work is to consider the phenomenon of negative response and its detectability in a polarizable half-space formed of Clay-water mixture which commonly exists in water aquifers and which can be used as a simple indicator of the presence of Underground water. We make use of an analytical treatment for the transient voltage induced in a coincident loop lying on a half-space as a basis for our computations. A Cole-Cole model is used to represent the Clay with appropriate parameters. As saturated Clay is characterized by high conductivity and moderate chargeability, it is hardly detectable relative to the practical noise level. However, there are optimum Clay parameters that offer a maximum negative response. It is also observed that for a very short time constant τ in the Cole-Cole model, the amplitude of the negative response decreases with the decrease of the time constant due to the fast decay of the polarization current. Finally, it is found that there is an optimum value for the loop radius which gives the largest value of the negative response and this loop radius depends on the model parameters.  相似文献   

ANALYSIS OF SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE RECORDED IN LAHORE AND MIANWALI OVER THE PAST THREE DECADES          下载免费PDF全文

Mian M. Munir  K. Hussain  M. S. Zafar 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(1):123-128

Surface air temperatures recorded over the past three decades at the weather stations located in Lahore (anindustrialized and densely populated city) and Mianwali (a small and sparsely populated city) were analyzed in order tostudy their climatic trend.Lahore,where meteorological data are recorded at two weather stations (city station and air-port station) indicates a cooling trend,of about 0.5℃ per record period of 1953—1992,for the airport station (31°31′N,74°24′E) and a slight warming trend,of about 0.2℃,for the city station (31°33′N,74°20′E) for the record period of 1950—1992.The Mianwali weather station (32°33′N,71°31′E) also shows a slight cooling trend,of about 0.4℃ per recordperiod of 1959—1992.The climatic variability at these stations was studied by computing seasonal and annual tempera-ture anomalies.The results are explained in terms of the local environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Dharwar metavolcanics and composition of the primeval crust of the peninsular India     

S.M. Naqvi  S.M. Hussain 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1973,37(1):159-164

The chemical composition of the Dharwar metavolcanic suite from Chitaldrug is found to be similar to that of early Precambrian metabasalts from Canadian and Australian Shields. Its low K₂O content and the similarities in the ferromagnesium trace elements with those of oceanic olivine normative tholeiites indicate a low K₂O oceanic type of original magma. It is suggested that a protocontinent having a thin crust approaching basic composition existed during the pre-Dharwar era.  相似文献