Geochemistry of dissolved and particulate elements in the major rivers of China (The Huanghe,Changjiang, and Zhunjiang rivers)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. H. Qu  C. Z. Chen  J. R. Yang  L. Z. Wang  Y. L. Lu 《Estuaries and Coasts》1993,16(3):475-487

The relationship between the geochemistry of dissolved and particulate materials and geographic conditions was investigated. Samples of water and suspended particulate matter were collected from five locations in three of the major rivers of China (the Huanghe, Changjiang, and Zhunjiang rivers). Because these rivers generally flow parallel to latitudes and flow through diverse geologic and climate zones, they provide excellent opportunities for comparisons of solute transport. The geochemistry of these rivers is influenced strongly by climate. The low discharge of the Huanghe River influences the character of the major ionic materials (Cl^?+SO₄ ^2? and Na⁺+K⁺) as well as the high degree of mineralization within the system. Dissolved concentrations of both major ions and trace elements are lower in the southern reaches of the rivers. The highly mobile ions, such as, Na⁺ and Ca²⁺, are depleted from the suspended particulate material in the southern regions, while the relatively immobile ions of Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, and trace metals are concentrated within the suspended mateiral. The relative mobility of some elements as measured by the Dissolved Transport Index (DTI) changes with climate. The geology of the area drained by the rivers has a major influence on the geochemistry in areas of similar climate. Lowest leaching rates in the southern climates occur in areas dominated by granite, which is resistant to weathering. The composition of both cations and anions among the three tributaries of the Zhujiang River are dependent on the rocks that dominate each eregion. Some particulate forms of the rare earth elements are present in the highest concentrations in regions dominated by granite. The DTI calculated for the major rivers in China are much smaller than those computed for other major rivers of the world. The low concentration of heavy metals in the particulate material suggests that pollution in the rivers of China is less serious than in rivers of other industrialized countries.  相似文献   

论保持地球上某特定曲线等长的等角投影     

程阳 《测绘学院学报》1990,(1)

本文着重讨论了保持地球上某一条特定曲线等长的等角投影的存在性特点和数学模型,并在此基础上首次求出了保持等角航线等长的等角投影和斜椭圆柱等角投影。本文所述的理论和方法可做为建立等角空间投影的基础。  相似文献   

近代回归分析在交通调查分析建模中的应用     

杨仁  王冬根 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(3)

本文以出行发生量模型的建立为例,较为系统地讨论了近代回归分析中的自变量选择及回归诊断方法在交通调查分析建模中的应用。分析了在获取调查数据后,如何借助回归自变量选择方法来选择最佳自变量子集,以确定简捷的回归模型;文中应用回归诊断方法,讨论了修正回归模型、探测错误的调查数据的方法,从而为建立简捷、高精度的交通模型打下了基础。最后,作者提出了应用自变量选择及回归诊断方法建立出行发行量模型的一般步骤。  相似文献   

精密重力网的定权及系统效应     

杨重谊 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(4)

对于精密重力网,如何确定各类观测值的权,如何剔除相对重力仪过多的参数,是目前尚未解决好的两个问题。本文讨论了利用方差分量估计确定各类观测值的权,利用几种假设检验选择附加参数的方法以及相关的几个问题。经过计算和比较分析,得到了较好的结果。  相似文献   

遥感技术在黄土高原土地利用现状调查中的应用研究     

杨希华 《遥感学报》1990,(2)

本研究选取黄土高原典型丘陵沟壑区——陕西省米脂县为试验区,用TM磁带、TM假彩色合成影像、SPOT多光谱影像和彩色红外航空像片同时对试区进行土地利用现状分类与制图的比较研究。通过对土地利用现状分类系统、TM图像计算机增强处理与自动分类、TM最佳波段组合、三种影像的目视判读与制图、以及遥感信息源的综合评价等多方面的试验研究,为遥感技术在黄土高原1:5万土地利用现状调查制图中的应用提供了一套技术数据及可行的方法。  相似文献   

SEMI-LAGRANGIAN ADVECTIVE SCHEMES AND THEIR NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL CHAOS^*          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Shuowen  Zhou Xiuji  Yang Peicai 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1990,4(3):375-380

In this paper,we have suggested several interpolating formulae which are convinient for vector computers to perform vector calculation.Analysis shows that for a simple advective problem,the semi-Lagrangian schemes constructed with these formulae are linearly unconditionally stable.Moreover,we have discussed the nonlinear computational chaos in the semi-Lagrangian schemes.It is found that for a simple nonlinear advective problem,we can introduce physically unreal and direct interaction of three or more waves.Numerical tests indicate that this phenomenon has certain influence on the simulated results of two-dimensional Benard convection.  相似文献   

The dynamic mechanism of the formation of the low level jet     

Yang Dasheng  Jian Maoqiu 《大气科学进展》1990,7(4):383-394

The ordinary multidimensional reductive perturbation method is generalized so as to apply to the general case including the dissipative factor. With this the corresponding Cubic-Schrödinger equation is deduced, and by the preliminary study of its solution, it shows that it is more admissible to consider atmospheric meso-scale systems as the nonlinear Cubic-Schrödinger waves. With suitable boundary and initial conditions, the Cubic-Schrödinger equation is numerically integrated so as to investigate the possible dynamic mechanism as well as the impacts of the nonlinear action, turbulent friction and topogrphy to the formation of the LLJ. The results indicate that the downward transfer of the momentum and the effect of the surface friction are responsible for the concentration of the momentum in the layer between 850 and 700 hPa. The location of the horizontal concentration of momentum depends on the propagation of momentum, in the process the inertia-gravity internal wave is very important, whereas turbulent friction is unfavourable for or delays the formation of the low level jet.  相似文献   

六棱柱和三棱锥冰晶的散射相矩阵——一种矢量射线追踪方法     

蔡启铭  杨平 《气象学报》1990,48(2):198-209

本文发展了作者过去的工作(Cai-Liou),利用改进后的数值模式对六角柱冰晶(匀谱和非匀谱)的散射相矩阵进行了计算,所需计算量比Cai-Liou的约小二个量级,且本文的数值模式的结果误差较小。同时,对三棱锥冰晶的散射相矩阵,本文也进行了计算,并与六角冰晶的结果进行了比较。  相似文献   

8680 X荧光光谱仪与长城0520-CH计算机的数据通信     

杨学东 《岩矿测试》1990,(2)

8680X荧光光谱仪采用RSX-11M多用户操作系统。本文将0520计算机作为RSX-11M主机的一个从属终端,设计了相应软件与8680联机。无需修改任何硬件,在0520上可以执行RSX-11M的全部操作指令,并且只要8680主机不关闭,0520计算机即可随时从8680的磁盘上读取数据而不需事先与8680的操作者约定,传送数据快速、准确。  相似文献   

570矿床控制因素及富矿形成条件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王玉生  李文君  郑胜昌  杨云飞  黄忠庚 《铀矿地质》1990,(1)

570矿床地质背景是破火山旋回边缘活动带;矿床定位要素是受破火山断裂系统构造结控制的隐爆角砾岩筒;隐爆加断陷组成的聚矿结构,是富矿形成的主要条件;隐爆角砾岩筒与次火山花岗岩浆侵位组成的热泵汲取效应,是矿床基本成因模式。矿床扩大方向是在探索隐爆角砾岩筒深部的同时,沿边缘活动带,在破火山断裂系统构造结处寻找新的隐爆角砾岩筒。  相似文献