The soil–water flow system beneath a cotton field in arid north-west China,serviced by mulched drip irrigation using brackish water     

Xianwen Li  Menggui Jin  Jinou Huang  Jingjing Yuan 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(1):35-46

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基于ETM~+数据和GIS技术的缅甸铜金矿成矿预测     

独文惠  王功文  陈永清  郭娜娜  郝应龙  冯源 《地质通报》2015,34(4):786-791

在利用遥感数据和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的矿产资源勘查与评价中,矿化蚀变信息提取和构造信息提取起着至关重要的作用。以缅甸铜金矿为例,利用ETM+遥感图像,采用比值法、阈值分割和主成分分析(PCA)提取羟基蚀变信息;利用数字高程模型和遥感数据提取与铜金矿化有关的线环构造,结合地质资料和上述信息,利用证据权和分形方法进行整合,确定该研究区的成矿远景区。结果发现,已知铜金矿均分布于成矿靶区中,综合信息可为下一步的矿产资源勘探工作提供决策依据。  相似文献   

Tropical Cyclone Size Change under Ocean Warming and Associated Responses of Tropical Cyclone Destructiveness: Idealized Experiments     

Zanmin Xu  Yuan Sun  Tim Li  Zhong Zhong  Jia Liu  Chen Ma 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2020,34(1):163-175

The power dissipation index (PDI), which is defined as the sum of the cube of tropical cyclone (TC) maximum wind speed during TC lifetime, is widely used to estimate the TC destructive potential. However, due to the lack of high-resolution observations, little attention has been paid to the contribution of TC size change to TC destructive potential in response to ocean warming. In this study, sensitivity experiments are performed by using the high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate the responses of TC size and TC destructive potential to prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) increase under the present climate condition. The results show that TC size increases with the ocean warming. Possible reasons for TC size change are investigated with a focus on the outer air-sea moisture difference (ASMD). As SST increases, ASMD in the outer zone of the TC is larger than that in the inner zone, which increases the surface entropy flux (SEF) of the outer zone. This change in the radial distribution of SEF causes the increase of tangential wind in the outer zone, which further increases SEF, resulting in a positive feedback between outer-zone SEF and outer-zone tangential wind. This feedback leads to the increase of the radius of gale-force wind, leading to the expansion of TC size. Moreover, to estimate the contribution of TC size change to TC destructiveness, we calculate TC size-dependent destructive potential (PDS) as the storm size information is available in the model outputs, as well as PDI that does not consider the effect of TC size change. We find that PDS increases exponentially as SST increases from 1 to 4°C, while PDI increases linearly; hence the former is soon much greater than the latter. This suggests that the growth effect of TC size cannot be ignored in estimating destructiveness under ocean warming.  相似文献   

Seasonal and Sub-Seasonal Circulation Anomalies Associated with Persistent Rainy Days in 2018/2019 Winter in Shanghai,China     

Wei Wang  Fei Xin  Xiao Pan  Ying Zhang  Tim Li 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2020,34(2):304-314

Shanghai experienced the longest rainy days in 2018/2019 winter since 1988. The physical cause of such an unusual climate condition was investigated through the diagnosis of observational data. From a seasonal perspective, a long persistent rainy winter was often associated with an El Niño condition in the equatorial Pacific. This abnormal oceanic condition induces a remote teleconnection pattern with pronounced low-level southerly anomalies over East China. The wind anomalies transported moisture from tropical oceans and caused persistent rainfall in East Asia. Meanwhile, the local rainfall time series exhibited a strong quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO). Three persistent rainy events were identified in the 2018/2019 winter and they all occurred during the active phase of the QBWO. The first two events were associated with a low pressure anomaly west of Shanghai. Southerly anomalies associated with the low pressure system advected high mean moisture into central eastern China, leading to the persistent rainfall there. The third event was associated with a high pressure anomaly in lower troposphere to the east of Shanghai, which induced anomalous southerlies to its west, favoring the occurrence of rainfall in Shanghai. The result suggests the importance of high-frequency variability in affecting seasonal rainfall anomalies.  相似文献   

相似路径台风“派比安”（2006）和“威马逊”（2014）前部飑线过程对比分析          下载免费PDF全文

万明  陈云辉  支树林  吴媛 《气象与减灾研究》2015,38(3):43-52

利用常规观测、雷达资料和NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,对路径相似台风"派比安"(2006)和"威马逊"(2014)的前部飑线过程进行对比分析。结果表明,地面辐合线和边界层辐合系统为台前飑线的发生发展提供了必要的动力条件,持续强盛的东南急流提供了充足的水汽和能量输送。低层暖、高层冷且具有较大垂直温差的特征为台前飑线的形成提供了有利的热力不稳定条件,而强的CAPE积累和释放有利于对流强度的加强。高空槽并入台风倒槽有利于延长飑线的生命史。台前飑线从垂直风切变相对较弱的区域移入较强的区域有利于其组织和发展,反之则不利于其组织和维持。台前飑线移动路径前方存在水汽辐合有利于其发展,反之则不利于其维持。  相似文献   

河南3次重污染天气过程的气象条件诊断及传输影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯丽莎  宋攀  田力  谷秀杰  张轩宇  韩艳 《气象与环境科学》2020,43(1):104-113

利用空气质量监测数据、气象常规观测资料、L波段雷达探空资料、EC-Intrim再分析资料和NCEP全球资料同化系统提供的再分析资料,以及HYSPLIT模式模拟结果,分析了2016年12月至2017年1月间发生在河南的3次重污染天气过程的影响范围、气象条件和传输影响等。结果表明,3次过程河南地区均呈现出500 hPa等高线平直、9251000 hPa风垂直切变小和海平面气压场均压等特征。在近地面,3次过程在污染开始和加强时段均有小风和低湿特征,过程临近结束时有大风或增湿出现。前两次污染过程为干霾过程,均因加强的偏西风而结束,但是在结束阶段,相较于第1次过程的西南风,第2次过程的西北风能更快速有效地清除污染物;第3次过程为湿霾(雾、霾混合)过程,因偏东风而结束,但由于偏东风风力较小,对污染物彻底清除能力有限,过程结束后很快出现反复。郑州近地面存在明显逆温和“上干下湿”的层结特征,这种“干暖盖”严重阻碍着空气的对流运动,使近地层的污染物垂直扩散能力变弱,从而导致污染加重。HYSPLIT后向轨迹传输影响显示,第1次过程主要以省外西北路输送为主,后两次过程主要以本省和本地累积为主。  相似文献   

湖北省1961-2012年大气稳定度、混合层厚度和大气环境容量系数的变化特征     

高媛  任永建  吴蓉 《气象与环境科学》2020,43(4):44-50

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2006年以来《气象与减灾研究》期刊评价指标分析          下载免费PDF全文

田敬生  潘魏伟  张福颖  刘菲 《气象与减灾研究》2016,39(3):232-239

对2006年以来《气象与减灾研究》的多项期刊评价指标进行统计分析,并对期刊稿源及网站建设情况进行细致调查。结果表明：1） 自2006年更名以来,期刊发展较快,然而期刊的进一步发展已经遇到“瓶颈”,即缺乏长期稳定的优质稿源;2） 拓宽优质稿源是期刊进一步发展的首要任务;3） 编辑部须重视期刊网站的建设、维护及更新,为读者、作者提供优质服务,以利期刊更好发展。  相似文献   

1990—2010年中国极端温度和降水事件的月变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

杜予罡  徐昕  王元 《气象与减灾研究》2016,39(1):9-15

利用1960—2010年中国532个台站的日最低、最高气温和日降水资料,选取4个极端温度指数（冷昼、冷夜、暖昼和暖夜）和2个极端降水指数（极端降水量和极端降水频次）,对1990—2010年极端温度和降水事件相对于之前1960—1989年的月尺度变化进行了研究。得到以下主要结论：1） 逐月的冷昼和冷夜发生频率减少,逐月的暖昼和暖夜发生频率增多。冷极端事件发生频率的变化比暖极端事件更明显。2） 4个指数在2月均表现出频率变化异常剧烈的月尺度特征,这主要与中国地区2月增暖最显著有关。4个指数在2月频率变化的空间分布,中国北方地区（东北、华北以及西北）极端温度事件的频率变化比南方地区（西南、华南以及长江流域）更显著。3） 对于极端降水事件,1990—2010年中国极端降水量增加最大的月份为6—7月,极端降水频次增加较多的月份为1—3月。中国各区域极端降水量变化最大的月份集中在夏季6—8月,其中西北、西南和长江中下游地区极端降水量显著增加。对于极端降水频次,东北和西北地区在1月增加最多;华北、西南、长江中下游和华南地区分别在3、5、7和12月增加最多。除华南地区以外,其他5个区域均通过了信度为0.05的显著性检验。  相似文献   

A new insight into the contribution of environmental conditions to tropical cyclone activities          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Yuan  SONG Jinjie  WU Rongsheng 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2013,27(3):344-355

The changes of tropical cyclone (TC) activities in response to influencing environmental conditions have been paid more and more attention to in recent years. The potential contributions of single and multivariate environmental variables to annual TC frequency and intensity from 1970 to 2009 are investigated in this study. Instead of using correlation coefficient that assumes a set of samples satisfying the normal distribution, a quantitative measurement is formulated based on the information theory. The results show that dynamic environmental variables play an important role in variations of TC activities over the western North Pacific, North Atlantic, and eastern Pacific. These dynamic factors include wind shear between 850 and 200 hPa and 850-hPa relative vorticity. However, the effects of thermal factors on TC activities are distinct over different basins. The thermal environmental variables only have significant contributions to TC frequency and intensity over the eastern Pacific as well as to TC frequency over the North Atlantic. It is found that the primary factors influencing TC activities are indeed not the same over different basins because of the differences in atmospheric conditions and their changes across different areas. The effects of dynamic variables should be considered more in the regions such as the western North Pacific where the thermal conditions are always satisfied.  相似文献