Comparison of ground-based and UAV a-UHF artificial tracer mobility monitoring methods on a braided river     

M. Cassel  H. Piégay  G. Fantino  J. Lejot  L. Bultingaire  K. Michel  F. Perret 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(5):1123-1140

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies, which allow wireless detection of individual buried or immersed tracers, represent a step forward in sediment tracking, especially passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) that have been widely used. Despite their widespread adoption in the scientific community, they typically have low efficiency when deployed in river systems with active bedload transport or deep wet channels, attributed to their technical specifications. A recent evaluation of active ultra-high frequency transponders (a-UHF tags) assessed their larger detection range and provided a methodology for their geopositioning. In this study, we test five different survey methods (one including an unmanned aerial vehicle [UAV]) in a sediment tracking study, and compare them in terms of recovery rate, field effort, geopositioning error, and efficiency. We then tested the method on a larger reach following a Q₅ flood and performed cross-comparisons between active and passive RFIDs. The results confirmed that the a-UHF RFID technology allowed rapid (1.5 h ha⁻¹) survey of a large area (<34 ha) of emerged bars and shallow water channels with recovery of a high percentage of tracers (72%) that had travelled large distances (mean ≈ 1000 m; max ≈ 3400 m). Moreover, the tracers were identified with low geopositioning error (mean ≈ 7.1 m, ≤1% of their travel distance). We also showed that a UAV-based survey was fast (0.38 h ha⁻¹), efficient (recovery rate = 84%), and low error (mean ≈ 4.2 m). Thus, a-UHF RFID technology permits the development of a variety of survey methods, depending on the study objectives and the human and financial resources available. This allows field efforts to be optimized by determining an appropriate balance between the high equipment cost of a-UHF tracers and the resulting reduced survey costs. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Hydrodynamical models of elliptical galaxies     

E. Moreno  P. Pi§mi§ 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1988,45(1-3):81-82

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Correction to: Observational Investigation of the Statistical Properties of Surface-Layer Turbulence in a Suburban Area of São Paulo,Brazil: Objective Analysis of Scaling-Parameter Accuracy and Uncertainties     

da Silveira  Lucas Cardoso  de Oliveira  Amauri Pereira  Sánchez  Maciel Piñero  Codato  Georgia  Ferreira  Maurício Jonas  Filho  Edson Pereira Marques  Božnar  Marija Zlata  Mlakar  Primož 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2022,185(2):197-197

Boundary-Layer Meteorology -  相似文献   

Multi‐scale assessment of overflow‐driven lateral connectivity in floodplain and backwater channels using LiDAR imagery          下载免费PDF全文

Katarina Džubáková  Hervé Piégay  Jérémie Riquier  Milan Trizna 《水文研究》2015,29(10):2315-2330

Overflow‐driven lateral connectivity significantly influences the spatial distribution and diversity of floodplain habitats and biota. Proper understanding of lateral connectivity in floodplain and backwater channels is therefore critical for assessment of river quality and for targeting management or restoration actions. In this study, we present a methodological framework for spatial and temporal assessments of overflow‐driven lateral connectivity at two spatial scales: bypass reach and backwater channel. Firstly, we compute the relative elevations, as well as overflow discharge, duration, and frequency using a simple, raster‐based method that uses a LiDAR digital elevation model (DEM), rating curves, and streamflow time series. Subsequently, we analyse the accuracy of this approach with respect to the accuracy of a DEM and evaluate its further applications. Altogether, four 10‐km‐long bypass reaches and 11 backwater channels are analysed, located along the Rhône River corridor in France. The results proved the precision of the method to be affected by the LiDAR DEM accuracy, which was on average more precise in a typically homogeneous floodplain setting rather than for backwater channel plugs with pronounced topographic complexity and usually riparian forest canopy. Amongst the four studied reaches, Brégnier Cordon proved to have the greatest flooding dynamics, followed by Belley and Chautagne. The hydrological connectivity pattern of Pierre Bénite differed significantly. Three longitudinal patterns of hydrological connectivity of backwater channels displayed stepwise advancement of the water. The presented results can be used to assess ecological potential of floodplain habitats and their historic and prospective evolution through time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

First-order phase transitions in rotating hybrid stars and pulsar glitches     

Fei Xiao  Chun-Mei Pi  Shu-Hua Yang  Ai-Zhi Zhou  Xiao-Ping Zheng 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(6)

The first order deconfinement phase transitions in rotating hybrid stars are studied and it is found that if the surface tension is sufficiently large, the transition from metastable hadron matter to stable mixed hadron-quark matter during the spindown history of a hybrid star can cause a glitch.  相似文献   

石灰性土壤中有效磷的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定     

李小娜  王金云  程丽娅  刘文长 《安徽地质》2014,(4):296-299

方法采用0.5 mol/L NaHCO3浸提石灰性土壤中的有效磷,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定。研究了土壤滤液的酸化、颜色、浸提温度以及振荡时间等对浸提结果的影响,方法检出限(3s)为0.18 mg/kg,定量限(6s)为0.36 mg/kg,通过对石灰性土壤有效态标准物质GBW07413a、GBW07459和GBW07460的12次测定,方法准确度和精密度均小于4.5%。  相似文献   

土壤中重金属有效态分析方法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陶文靖  程丽娅  聂全新  黄勤  王金云 《安徽地质》2014,(4):300-303

土壤中重金属的不同形态决定了对于生物的有效性。自然界的重金属元素参与生态迁移能够被生物吸收利用的部分为生物有效态。土壤重金属可交换态的研究可以为其生物有效态研究提供参考。本文对于土壤中砷、汞、铬、镉、铅和铊的酸溶态、络合态和盐溶态这几种单一提取方式的可交换态的分析方法进行了研究比较,以其提取效率高的为有效态的表现方式,以p H值7.5为土壤酸碱度的界限,建立了土壤中的砷、汞、铬、镉、铅和铊在不同酸碱度下的分析方法。本方法的Cr的方法检出限为4.65ng/g;Cd的方法检出限为0.49ng/g;Pb的方法检出限为9.73ng/g;As的方法检出限为21.89ng/g;Hg的方法检出限为0.30ng/g;Tl的方法检出限为0.54ng/g。采用GBW7412,GBW7413,GBW7416这三个国家一级标准物质样品测得的方法精密度范围6.01%~19.3%。本方法适用于土地质量评估的要求。  相似文献   

胜利油田滩浅海地区地震勘探技术   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

崔汝国  王彦春  曹国滨  皮金云 《物探与化探》2006,30(5):441-445

滩浅海地区由于特殊的地表条件和复杂多变的表层结构,既不同于陆上勘探也不同于海上勘探,尤其在两栖地带存在海陆2种施工方式。笔者对滩浅海地区地震勘探的激发震源、检波器和观测系统等野外采集各环节进行了系统研究,提出解决滩浅海地区野外难以采集到高品质地震资料问题的方法,开展了地震记录上的干扰波压制、差异校正等方面的深入研究,形成一整套适用于滩浅海地区油气资源探查的高精度实用性的特色技术,取得了较好的地质效果。  相似文献   

库布齐沙漠治理对京津冀地区空气质量影响:2017年5月3-6日沙尘天气模拟     

魏巍  张稳定  陈焕盛  任远哲  皮冬勤  吴剑斌  陈婷婷  肖林鸿  罗保刚  晏平仲 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):77-87

作为影响京津冀地区的沙尘途经地和发源地，对库布齐沙漠的治理工作一直在持续，成为使用科学技术手段将沙漠变废为宝、变害为利的成功案例，同时也是全球治沙范例。为研究库布齐沙漠治理工作对京津冀地区空气质量的改善效果，利用手工采样数据和城市空气质量监测数据，结合气团轨迹，筛选库布齐沙漠起沙并对京津冀地区产生影响的沙尘天气。选取2017年5月3-6日作为典型个例代表，使用嵌套网格空气质量预报模式系统（NAQPMS），设计不同的起沙权重系数敏感试验，模拟研究该地区起沙和治理对京津冀地区的空气质量影响。结果表明：（1）气象模式较好地把握天气系统的演变以及地面风场的特征，保证NAQPMS模式可合理模拟沙尘的起沙区域、影响范围以及时空演变特征；（2）受沙尘影响城市的PM₁₀浓度模拟量值及变化与观测较为一致，表明模式合理再现了沙尘的输送过程；（3）库布齐沙漠起沙对京津冀地区的PM₁₀浓度贡献为35~150 μg·m^-3，贡献比例为10%~40%；（4）库布齐沙漠治理可使京津冀地区PM₁₀浓度降低35~75 μg·m^-3，下降比例为5%~20%，受影响城市PM₁₀浓度下降比例为7%~37%，沙漠治理工作可有效降低受影响地区的PM₁₀浓度。  相似文献   

网络地图服务中空间查询与分析的栅格化实现     

程振林  董慧  张晓力  李亚平  方金云 《地理信息世界》2011,9(1):6-10,15

地理信息获得了越来越广泛与深入的应用.空间查询与空间分析是GIS(Geography Information System,地理信息系统)的核心特征之一,也是空间信息服务(如Web Feature Service)实现中的关键问题.如何在网络地图服务场景下提供高效能的空间查询与空间分析功能是网络地图服务器设计与实现中的...  相似文献