Compound specific δD values of long chain n-alkanes derived from terrestrial higher plants are indicative of the δD of meteoric waters: Evidence from surface soils in eastern China     

Zhiguo Rao  Zhaoyu Zhu  Guodong Jia  Andrew C.G. Henderson  Qian Xue  Suping Wang 《Organic Geochemistry》2009,40(8):922-930

The stable carbon and hydrogen isotope composition of higher plant-derived long chain n-alkanes (δ¹³C_n-alkanes and δD_n-alkanes) from 45 surface soil samples (within well characterized vegetation zones) from eastern China (18°N–50°N) are reported. The weighted average δD_n-alkanes value for n-C₂₇, n-C₂₉ and n-C₃₁ in the samples and the annual average δD of meteoric water recorded at 12 weather stations proximal to the sampling sites show similar spatial variations. The δD of n-alkanes shows a gradual depletion in value with increasing latitude. The results demonstrate that, on a large spatial scale, the δD values of long chain n-alkanes derived from higher plants have the potential to record the δD of meteoric water, although many other factors can also influence the isotope values. There appears to be no apparent relationship between the δD of the n-alkanes extracted from the surface soil and the overlying vegetation type (i.e. forest/grassland or C₃/C₄ composition). Therefore, palaeoenvironmental studies utilizing δD_n-alkanes from higher plant-derived material in geological samples have the potential to provide additional information with regard to the past hydrological cycle.  相似文献   

松科1井北孔选址、岩心剖面特征与特殊岩性层的分布   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

高有峰  王成善  王璞珺  万晓樵  任延广  程日辉  王国栋 《地学前缘》2009,16(6):104

松科1井北孔是松辽盆地白垩系科学钻探工程的两个钻孔之一,位于松辽盆地北部中央坳陷区齐家古龙凹陷他拉哈向斜上。通过对松科1井北孔泰康组到嫩一段顶部连续取心资料的详细描述,建立松科1井北孔岩心剖面。识别出白云岩、火山灰、油页岩、灰质泥岩、泥灰岩5种特殊岩性,特殊岩性出现的总层数为73层,总厚度为7.08m,分布在嫩二段、嫩三段、嫩四段、嫩五段和明二段中。对松科1井的精细岩心描述和对特殊岩性的识别是开展后续研究工作的基础。  相似文献   

城市群分布轴线挖掘方法研究     

李新运  乔平林  李成名  林宗坚 《测绘科学》2004,29(1):17-19

采用属性加权的坐标拟合方法,分别推导出了空间点集分布轴线为直线和曲线的模型参数估计公式。 以MapInfo为平台和MapBaisc编程,对山东省胶济产业带分布轴线进行了实际计算和绘制。计算表明,本文方法 易于编制计算程序,计算结果具有客观性。  相似文献   

基于遥感和GIS的区域生态环境分类研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

田雨  林宗坚  李成名  乔平林 《测绘科学》2004,29(1):26-28

本文以石羊河流域为例,研究了基于卫星遥感数据与数字高程模型的区域生态环境分类方法。其研究 机理是:利用遥感技术获取相关生态环境专题信息,运用GIS空间分析技术自动生成流域范围的生态环境边界, 形成了一种科学的区域生态环境分类方法。  相似文献   

川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征   总被引：51，自引：8，他引：43       下载免费PDF全文

乔学军  王琪  杜瑞林 《地球物理学报》2004,47(5):805-811

利用川滇地区1998～2002年间200多GPS点位的多期复测结果, 将川滇地区分为9个次级活动块体, 计算了各个活动块体的欧拉旋转矢量和主要活动断裂的运动速度, 并分析了该地区的应变场特征. 结果表明, 川滇地区的地壳运动速度具有北强南弱、西强东弱、以菱形块体为主顺时针旋转的特征; 菱形块体外各个块体运动速度大幅衰减; 与地质结果的差异表明, 川滇菱形块体的现今地壳运动由北往南逐渐增强; 青藏高原物质的侧东向挤出在滇中块体南部明显下降, 而丽江—小金河断裂带的吸收作用并不明显; 川滇地区以压应变为主,四川石棉和云南新平一带出现的应变集中地区也许具有发生中强地震的可能性.  相似文献   

INTERANNUAL AND INTERDECADAL VARIATIONS OF LARGE-SCALE MOISTURE SINKS OVER GUANGDONG   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

简茂球  陈蔚翔  乔云亭  袁卓建 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2008,14(1):33-36

The interannual and interdecadal variations of moisture sinks over Guangdong are discussed with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and observed precipitation data from 1958 to 2004. The results indicate that climatically, the amount of precipitation is larger than that of evaporation in spring and summer.Precipitation and evaporation almost balance each other in autumn and the amount of evaporation is larger than that of precipitation in winter. The interannual signal dominates the variations of moisture sinks in all seasons in Guangdong with a period of three-year oscillation in autumn and winter. Remarkable interdecadal signal characterized by a period of three-decade oscillation can be identified for winter and spring from seasonally averaged moisture sink data and from annually moisture data, with variance percentage larger than 40%. This result indicates that Guangdong is at a transitional stage from positive anomalies to negative anomalies. The moisture sink anomalies in winter and following spring over Guangdong are usually in-phase. Besides, there exist periodic oscillations with periods of 10 to 15 years in summer and autumn. The positive (negative) anomalies of moisture sinks over Guangdong are due to the intensified (weakened) moisture from the tropical areas being transported to the Southern China, accompanied by an intensified (weakened) moisture convergence.  相似文献   

Railway Construction Techniques Adapting to Climate Warming in Permafrost Regions     

Wu Qingbai  Cheng Guodong  Ma Wei  Liu Yongzhi 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(00):60-66

 The climate warming, which has an evident effect on the warm/ice-rich permafrost, should be considered in the engineering design of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in permafrost areas. Based on the rule mentioned above, many design ideas and measures such as cooling embankment and controling of heat conduction, radiation and convection were proposed during the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to reduce the permafrost temperature and to reduce the impact of climate warming on the railway. These measures ensure the stability of the railway embankment in permafrost regions.  相似文献   

基于动静结合原理的结构健康诊断新方法研究     

李国东  郭迅  陈晗 《国际地震动态》2008,(11)

汶川地震中工业民用建筑、堤坝、交通运输等土木工程结构破坏严重,除地震作用影响外,土木工程结构的安全性和耐久性更受施工质量、环境腐蚀、服役期限及其他自然或人为灾害等诸多复杂因素影响,运用恰当的方法及时了解结构的当前性态,特别是及时发现危及结构安全的损伤,对避免工程结构的灾难性破坏及灾后结构修缮、重建具有重要意义.  相似文献   

辽宁地区中小地震辐射能量的单台测定     

郭晓燕  曹凤娟  贾丽华  乔艳芬 《东北地震研究》2008,24(3):21-27

辐射能量是独立于地震矩的一个重要的震源参数,在地震危险性和地震危害的评估工作中具有重要的实际意义。目前国际上常用的地震辐射能量的测定是利用Boatwright and Choy和Choy and Boatwright的方法,测定的均是Ms≥5.5以上地震的辐射能量。考虑到辽宁地震台网分布不均匀的情况,本文尝试利用单台宽频带波形资料进行中小地震辐射能量的测定。选用营口台记录的岫岩地震序列的宽频带波形资料,分析地震波形横向分量上的SH波及其后续震相,对每个地震去除场地效应和几何扩散效应,并进行辐射花样因子和非弹性衰减校正。衰减因子Q值的确定是通过与震源参数fc、Ω0的联合反演得到的。最后分析了地震辐射能量与震级ML的关系,总体上,地震辐射能量与震级呈正比。  相似文献   

北京高新技术产业区土地利用绩效综合评价   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

班茂盛  方创琳  刘晓丽  刘海燕 《地理学报》2008,63(2):175-184

高新技术产业区是建设创新型城市的重要载体, 在实施国家自主创新战略中具有重要 作用。针对高新技术产业区土地利用评价中存在的问题, 引入了土地利用绩效的概念, 构建 了包括土地效益、土地利用效率和创新功能三个维度的高新技术产业区土地利用绩效理论模 型, 以这一模型为理论基础建立了由3 个二级指标, 8 个三级指标, 37 个四级指标组成的高 新技术产业区土地利用绩效综合评价指标体系, 同时以土地利用绩效概念模型为理论基础, 构造了与土地利用绩效指标体系相匹配的矢量评价模型。在此基础上, 以北京市高新技术产 业区中5 个不同类型的园区为例做了综合评价, 评价结果显示, 清华科技园、上地信息产业 基地以及中关村西区的土地利用绩效指数较高, 中关村软件园和永丰基地的土地利用绩效指 数较低。通过与其他评价模型的对比验证, 本文构造的评价模型对高新技术产业区创新能力 指数的变化更为敏感。  相似文献