Algal blooms in high turbidity, a result of the conflicting consequences of turbulence on nutrient cycling in a shallow water estuary     

R. Fichez  T.D. Jickells  H.M. Edmunds 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1992,35(6)

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Assessment of the effectiveness of POLYMODE data assimilation by a numerical barotropic model for synoptic motions     

Yu. M. Grachev  A. V. Grigor'ev  B. V. Kharkov 《Physical Oceanography》1994,5(4):269-277

This paper considers the results of numerical experiments involving POLYMODE data assimilation by a barotropic model for synoptic ocean dynamics. The model's response the data assimilation for various space-time discretenesses of assimilation is studied. Results derived from the application of optimal interpolation algorithms and modified optimal filtration algorithms are compared. Qualitative similarity to the calculations carried out through the simulation modelling technique is noted. Optimal assimilation algorithms are determined, depending on the space-time discreteness used. An optimal sampling discreteness for the POLYMODE conditions is suggested.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin.  相似文献   

On the possibility of forecasting the long-term air temperature variability that determines the hydrophysical structure and ecology of the Black Sea waters     

V. B. Titov  M. T. Savin 《Oceanology》2007,47(6):758-768

Periods and amplitudes of long-term temperature fluctuations were obtained using the methods of spectral analysis and filtration of secular time series of the air temperature at 13 hydrometeorological stations in the Black Sea region. The prognostic calculations of the long-term air temperature variability are based on the results of processing of time series. The calculations of the air temperature agree with the data of observations. The possibility of the long-term air temperature variability prediction is shown.  相似文献   

Measuring run-up on a natural beach   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R.A. Holman  R.T. Guza 《Coastal Engineering》1984,8(2):129-140

Field experiments have been performed to evaluate and intercompare two techniques for measuring run-up on natural beaches, resistance wires and films. Simultaneous deployment of wire sensors shows a low error (< 5%) in electronics gain, but a strong sensitivity to the elevation of the wires above the beach face. On a low slope (β ～ 0.02) beach, with incident wind waves of moderate height (H ～ 1 m), differences of only a few cm in the wire elevation cause variance differences as large as 25%, in otherwise identical sensors. Replicate digitizations of the same run-up film show variance differences as large as 20%, with an average deviation from the mean variance of 8%.Use of the film and resistance wire sensors on the same run-up field showed small differences in the mean swash elevation (i.e., set-up), but an 83% difference in swash variance. Much further work is needed to determine the dependence of sensor differences on beach slope, porosity, camera elevation and other factors.  相似文献   

Statistical and dynamical downscaling of precipitation over Spain from DEMETER seasonal forecasts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. DÍEZ  C. PRIMO  J. A. GARCÍA-MOYA  J. M. GUTIÉRREZ  B. ORFILA 《地球，A辑:动力气象学与海洋学》2005,57(3):409-423

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Winter-spring phytoplankton blooms in Dabob Bay, Washington   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

Rita A. Horner  James R. Postel  Claudia Halsband-Lenk  James J. Pierson  Georg Pohnert  Thomas Wichard 《Progress in Oceanography》2005,67(3-4):286

Scientific investigations in Dabob Bay, Washington State, USA, have been extensive since the early 1960s, but phytoplankton blooms have been studied mostly with regard to chlorophyll concentrations and little is known about the phytoplankton species themselves. Here we provide information on the species present, their abundances during blooms, their contribution to organic carbon concentrations and the ability of some phytoplankton species to produce toxic aldehydes that may impact metazoan grazers.Multiple blooms of phytoplankton, dominated by diatoms, occurred in the late winter-early spring period, with depth-integrated chlorophyll levels ranging from <20 to 230 mg m⁻² and peaks in February and April. The major bloom species included Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira spp. and Chaetoceros spp; Phaeocystis cf. pouchetii occurred in 2002 and 2004. Other taxa or groups of organisms that were sometimes abundant included unidentified small flagellates <10 μm in size and unidentified heterotrophic dinoflagellates. Large diatoms usually comprised most of the cell carbon, but a large, heterotrophic dinoflagellate, identified only as Gyrodinium “tear” because of its shape, was a major contributor to the microplankton carbon when present even in small numbers. Five Thalassiosira species and S. costatum were found to produce polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) that are known to affect copepod reproduction and hatching success. Our findings are similar to the few previous studies in the last four decades that included phytoplankton species and suggest long-term similarities and relative stability in the phytoplankton species present and their timing in Dabob Bay.  相似文献   

Erratum to: ‘Mid-late glacimarine sedimentary processes of a high-latitude, deep-sea sediment drift (Antarctic Peninsula Pacific margin)’: [Marine Geology 189 (2002) 343-370]     

R.G Lucchi  M RebescoM Busetti  L TomadinG Villa  D PersicoC Morigi  M.C BonciG Giorgetti 《Marine Geology》2002,192(4):439-440

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Cloning of the major 3-MC inducible phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes of plaice liver     

L. Pirrit  R. Healey  H. Assheton  M.J. Leaver  S.G. George 《Marine environmental research》1995,39(1-4)

cDNA's coding for cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), phenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST-A) were cloned and sequenced from an expression library prepared from the liver of a 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) induced plaice. Plaice CYP1A1 and Phenol UDPGT display a high degree of structural conservation with homologous mammalian isoforms and their mRNAs were shown to be highly induced in liver after 3-MC treatment of fish. Expression of plaice GST-A, which displays closer homology to GSTs from plants and invertebrates than those of mammals, is repressed after 3-MC treatment.  相似文献   

Documenting hurricane impacts on coral reefs using two-dimensional video-mosaic technology     

Arthur C. R. Gleason  Diego Lirman  Dana Williams  Nuno R. Gracias  Brooke E. Gintert  Hossein Madjidi  R. Pamela Reid  G. Chris Boynton  Shahriar Negahdaripour  Margaret Miller  & Philip Kramer 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(2):254-258

Four hurricanes impacted the reefs of Florida in 2005. In this study, we evaluate the combined impacts of hurricanes Dennis, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma on a population of Acropora palmata using a newly developed video‐mosaic methodology that provides a high‐resolution, spatially accurate landscape view of the reef benthos. Storm damage to A. palmata was surprisingly limited; only 2 out of 19 colonies were removed from the study plot at Molasses Reef. The net tissue losses for those colonies that remained were only 10% and mean diameter of colonies decreased slightly from 88.4 to 79.6 cm. In contrast, the damage to the reef framework was more severe, and a large section (6 m in diameter) was dislodged, overturned, and transported to the bottom of the reef spur. The data presented here show that two‐dimensional video‐mosaic technology is well‐suited to assess the impacts of physical disturbance on coral reefs and can be used to complement existing survey methodologies.  相似文献   

Continent of origin of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) at West Greenland     

Reddin  D. G.; Stansbury  D. E.; Short  P. B. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1988,44(2):180-188

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