Evaluating qualitative research: dealing with the tension between 'science' and 'creativity'   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cathy Bailey  Catherine White  Rachel Pain 《Area》1999,31(2):169-178

Summary This paper responds to recent calls for detailed evaluative criteria for qualitative research in human geography. It argues that the dualism between 'science' and 'creativity' is unfounded, and that while systematic methods of evaluation are required, standardization is inappropriate. Furthermore, it seeks to demonstrate that grounded theory provides an alternative framework that demonstrates how these ideas might be put into practice.  相似文献   

Registration or Certification?     

Warren W. Wood 《Ground water》1999,37(1):1-1

  相似文献   

Reply to comment by Kirshen on ‘Assessing Climate Change Implications for Water Resources Planning’     

Andrew W. Wood  Dennis P. Lettenmaier  Richard N. Palmer 《Climatic change》2000,44(4):539-541

  相似文献   

Geochemical subdivision and correlation of clay-rich beds in Turonian sediments of northern Germany     

David S. Wray  Christopher J. Wood  Gundolf Ernst  Ulrich Kaplan 《地学学报》1996,8(6):603-610

Thin, clay-rich beds form a key component of the lithostratigraphic scheme established for Middle and Upper Turonian sediments in northern Germany. Previously, using limited petrographic evidence, clay-rich beds across much of this region have been classified as either containing altered volcanic ash (bentonites) or detrital clays. This paper demonstrates that the use of rare-earth element (REE) data enables a rapid and reliable subdivision of clay-rich beds into those composed of bentonitic clays and those composed of detrital clays. Application of this method to the Lower Saxony region of northern Germany demonstrates that four bentonites (T_C T_di, T_e and T_f) and a number of detrital beds can be reliably identified and correlated. Three beds previously proposed to be bentonites are reinterpreted as being composed of detrital clays (T_o, T_D2 and T_G) and a revision of the stratigraphic nomenclature is proposed. Analysis of clay-rich beds from the Munster Basin demonstrates that it is possible to correlate individual bentonites and detrital beds between Lower Saxony and the Miinster Basin, and between shallow and deep water facies.  相似文献   

Impact of a coastal dump in a tropical lagoon on trace metal concentrations in surrounding marine biota: A case study from Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI)     

G.R.W. Denton  R.J. Morrison  P. Houk  H.R. Wood 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(3):424-431

  相似文献   

29 frequencies for the δ Scuti variable BI CMi: the 1997–2000 multisite campaigns     

M. Breger  R. Garrido  G. Handler  M.A. Wood  R.R. Shobbrook  K.M. Bischof  F. Rodler  R. O. Gray  A. Stankov  P. Martinez  D. O'Donoghue  R. Szabó  W. Zima  A. B. Kaye  C. Barban  U. Heiter 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,329(3):531-542

A multisite campaign of BI CMi was carried out with excellent frequency resolution and high photometric accuracy from 1997 to 2000, including two long observing seasons. 29 pulsation frequencies could be extracted from the 1024 h (177 nights) of photometry used. The detected frequencies include 20 pulsation modes in the main pulsation frequency range from 4.8 to 13.0 cycle d⁻¹ (55 to 150 μHz), eight linear combinations of these frequencies, and a very low frequency at 1.66 cycle d⁻¹. Since the value of the low frequency at 1.66 cycle d⁻¹ cannot be identified with a linear combination of other frequencies, g-mode pulsation is suspected, but rotational modulation of abundance spots cannot be ruled out. BI CMi, which is situated near the cool edge of the classical instability strip, may be both a δ Scuti and a γ Doradus star. Another outstanding property of BI CMi is the presence of a number of close frequency pairs in the power spectrum with separations as small as 0.01 cycle d⁻¹.
A rotational velocity of     was determined from a high-dispersion spectrum. From phase differences, the dominant modes can be identified with ℓ values from 0 to 2. The spectral type and evolutionary status of BI CMi are examined.  相似文献   

Chromium-aluminum mixing in garnet: A thermochemical study     

B.J. Wood  O.J. Kleppa 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(6):1373-1375

The enthalpies of mixing of synthetic grossular (Ca₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)-uvarovite (Ca₃Cr₂Si₃O₁₂) solid solutions have been determined by oxide melt calorimetry at 970 K. The results indicate that the solid solution exhibits a very small negative deviation from Raoult's law. In terms of the regular solution model a chromium-aluminum interaction parameter $\text{W}{}_{\mathrm{H}}{}^{\mathrm{Cr-Al}}$ of between 0 and ?1000 cal/gm atom is consistent with the data.  相似文献   

The mineral chemistry and origin of inclusion matrix and meteorite matrix in the Allende CV3 chondrite     

Alan S. Kornacki  John A. Wood 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(8):1663-1676

The two textural varieties of olivine-rich Allende inclusions (rimmed and unrimmed olivine aggregates) consist primarily of a porous, fine-grained mafic constituent (inclusion matrix) that differs from the opaque meteorite matrix of CV3 chondrites by being relatively depleted in sulfides, metal grains, and (perhaps) carbonaceous material. Olivine is the most abundant mineral in Allende inclusion matrix; clinopyroxene, nepheline, sodalite, and Ti-Al-pyroxene occur in lesser amounts. Olivine in unrimmed olivine aggregates (Type 1A inclusions) is ferrous and has a narrow compositional range (Fo_50–65). Olivine in rimmed olivine aggregates (Type 1B inclusions) is, on average, more magnesian, with a wider compositional range (Fo_53–96). Olivine grains in the granular rims of Type 1B inclusions are zoned, with magnesian cores (Fo_>80) and ferrous rinds (Fo_<70). Ferrous olivines (Fo_<65) in both varieties of inclusions commonly contain significant amounts of Al₂O₃ (as much as ~0.7 wt%), CaO (as much as ~0.4 wt%), and TiO₂ (as much as ~0.2 wt%), refractory elements that probably occur in submicroscopic inclusions of Ca,Al,Ti-rich glass (rather than in the olivine crystal structure). Defocussed beam analyses of Allende matrix materials demonstrate that: (1) inclusion matrix in Type 1A inclusions is more enriched in olivine and FeO than inclusion matrix in the cores of Type 1B inclusions; (2) opaque matrix materials are depleted in feldspathoids and enriched in sulfides and metal grains relative to inclusion matrix; (3) the bulk compositions of Type 1A and Type 1B inclusions overlap; and (4) excluding sulfides and metal, the bulk compositions of Allende matrix materials cluster in a complementary pattern around the bulk composition of C1 chondrites.Inclusion matrix and meteorite matrix in Allende and other CV3 chondrites are probably relatively primitive nebular material, but a careful evaluation of the equilibrium condensation model suggests that these matrix materials do not consist of crystalline phases that formed under equilibrium conditions in a relatively cool gas of solar composition. Allende inclusion matrix is interpreted as an aggregate of condensates that formed under relatively oxidizing, non-equilibrium conditions from supercooled, supersaturated vapors produced during the vaporization of interstellar dust by aerodynamic drag heating in the solar nebula; CV3 meteorite matrix contains, in addition, a proportion of interstellar material that was heated (but not vaporized) in the nebula. Granular olivine in rimmed olivine aggregates may have formed during the recrystallization and incipient melting of aggregates of inclusion matrix in the nebula. The mineral chemistry of matrix olivine in Allende seems to have been established by three different processes: non-equilibrium vapor → solid condensation; recrystallization and partial melting in the nebula; and $\text{Fe}\text{Mg}$ equilibration (without textural homogenization) in the meteorite parent body.  相似文献   

Long chain alkyl heteroaromatics in coal identified by tandem mass spectrometry     

Karl V. Wood  R. Graham Cooks  Zifambi Mudamburi  Peter H. Given 《Organic Geochemistry》1984,7(2):169-172

The presence of a series of long chain alkyl aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons was confirmed in a Utah boghead coal using tandem mass spectrometry. Parent and neutral loss scans were utilized to characterize the complex mixture and daughter scans were used to identify individual components.  相似文献   

The role of lithospheric phase transitions on seafloor flattening at old ages     

B.J. Wood  D.A. Yuen 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1983

Uplift of old ocean seafloor relative to the familiar t^1/2 curve is generally presumed to be a consequence of an additional heat source at the base of the oceanic lithosphere. Several geodynamical mechanisms have been invoked to explain this behavior. We have taken a petrological rather than geodynamical approach and considered whether the causes of the flattening can be found within the conductive portion of the lithosphere, where viscous creep is insignificant. Accordingly, self-consistent calculations of the phase assemblages of several candidate mantle compositions have been performed, subject to the constraint of experimentally determined calorimetric measurements. We have found that, in general, for temperatures below around 800°C and pressures greater than 10 kbar, the phase change from spinel peridotite to garnet peridotite has a significantly negative Clapeyron slope, which could cause some amount of uplift of old seafloor. The transition, for representative thermal profiles, should be depressed from about 35 km (at 40 Ma) to 45 km (at 160 Ma). Since spinel peridotite is of lower density the net effect is to raise the seafloor topography. The extent of the uplift, which depends primarily on the Al₂O₃ content of the peridotite and on the effective thermal diffusivity of the lithosphere, should be on the order of 140–220 m.  相似文献