华北克拉通北缘(怀来-苏尼特右旗)地壳结构   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李文辉  高锐  Keller Randy  李秋生  侯贺晟  李英康  张世红 《地球物理学报》2014,57(2):472-483

2009年,中国地质科学院地质研究所与美国俄克拉荷马大学合作实施了一条长453 km的深地震反射、宽角反射与折射、三分量反射地震联合探测剖面. 剖面南起怀来盆地,向北依次穿过燕山造山带西缘、内蒙地轴、白乃庙弧带、温都尔庙杂岩带,到达索伦缝合带. 其中,宽角反射与折射剖面采用8个0.5~1.5 t炸药震源激发,使用300套Texan单分量数字检波器接收,获得了高质量的地震资料. 通过资料分析和处理,识别出沉积层及结晶基底的折射波（Pg）、来自上地壳底界面的反射波（Pcp）,中地壳底界面的反射波（Plp）,莫霍界面的反射波（Pmp）及上地幔顶部的折射波（Pn）等5个震相. 分别采用Hole有限差分层析成像和Rayinvr算法对华北克拉通北缘及中亚造山带南部进行了上地壳P波速度结构成像和全地壳二维射线追踪反演成像. 结果显示：（1）中亚造山带地壳厚度~40 km,变化平缓,低于全球平均造山带地壳平均厚度,可能为造山后区域伸展的结果. 阴山-燕山带附近莫霍明显加深,推测其为燕山期造山过程形成的山根,但该山根很可能在后期被改造. （2）测线中部地壳上部速度较高,对应地表大面积花岗岩出露,而下地壳速度较低,速度梯度低,呈通道状,推测其可能曾为古亚洲洋向南俯冲消亡的主动陆缘,并在碰撞后演变为伸展环境下岩浆侵入的通道. （3）华北克拉通北缘与中亚造山带显示出不同速度变化特征,前者变化相对缓而后者则变化剧烈,二者的分界出现在赤峰-白云鄂博断裂附近.  相似文献   

Optima系列电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法测定啤酒中多元素     

珀金埃尔默仪器 《岩矿测试》2009,28(4):文后III-404

~~Optima系列电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法测定啤酒中多元素@Hergenreder Randy$PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences,710 Bridgeport Avenue,Shelton,CT 06484,USA@Bosnak Cynthia P$PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences,710 Bridgeport Avenue,Shelton,CT 06484,USA[1]Ch airman D Sedin Elemental an alysis of beer and wort by i  相似文献   

Enigmatic clastic pipe swarms and implications for fluidization dynamics in aeolian deposits     

Marjorie A. Chan  Stephen T. Hasiotis  Judith T. Parrish 《Sedimentology》2019,66(2):513-535

Soft‐sediment deformation of contorted and massive sandstone is common throughout much of the siliciclastic record, but clastic pipes represent a distinctive class of pressurized synsedimentary features. Remarkable centimetre to metre‐scale clastic pipe exposures in the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone of Utah (USA) establish a range of pipe sizes, expressions and relationships to the host rock in an erg margin setting, traditionally thought to be just a dry desert system. In particular, the field and laboratory characterizations of cylindrical pipes show internal concentric, annular rings that imply water fluidization, with alignment of long grain axes due to shear flow along pipe margins. Central interior parts of decimetre‐scale pipes appear massive in plan view, but display weakly developed pseudobedding from post‐pressure release, gravitational settling in the cross‐sectional view. Deformation features of conjugate fractures, ring faults, hypotrochoid patterns (geometric arcs and circles) and breccia in the host material reflect both brittle and ductile behaviour in response to the fluidization and injection of the clastic pipes. The stratigraphic context of individual pipes and the stratabound intervals of pipe features imply dynamic deformation nearly coincident with deposition in this Early Jurassic aeolian system related to multiple factors of groundwater expulsion, timing and local host sediment properties that influenced pipe development. Although the pipe features might be easily overlooked as a smaller scale feature of soft‐sediment deformation in dune deposits, these are valuable environmental indications of disrupted fluid pathways within porous, reservoir quality sands, associated with possible combinations of periodic springs, high water‐table conditions and strong ground‐motion events. These pipe examples may be important analogues where exposures are not so clear, with applications to diverse modern and ancient clastic settings internationally on Earth as well as in planetary explorations such as on Mars.  相似文献   

Stable and clumped isotopes in desert carbonate spring and lake deposits reveal palaeohydrology: A case study of the Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone,south‐western USA     

Judith Totman Parrish  Ethan G. Hyland  Marjorie A. Chan  Stephen T. Hasiotis 《Sedimentology》2019,66(1):32-52

Carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope (Δ₄₇) values were measured from lacustrine and tufa (spring)‐mound carbonate deposits in the Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone of southern Utah and northern Arizona in order to understand the palaeohydrology. These carbonate deposits are enriched in both ¹⁸O and ¹³C across the basin from east to west; neither isotope is strongly sensitive to the carbonate facies. However, ¹⁸O is enriched in lake carbonate deposits compared to the associated spring mounds. This is consistent with evaporation of the spring waters as they exited the mounds and were retained in interdune lakes. Clumped isotopes (Δ₄₇) exhibit minor systematic differences between lake and tufa‐mound temperatures, suggesting that the rate of carbonate formation under ambient conditions was moderate. These clumped isotope values imply palaeotemperature elevated beyond reasonable surface temperatures (54 to 86°C), which indicates limited bond reordering at estimated burial depths of ca 4 to 5 km, consistent with independent estimates of sediment thickness and burial depth gradients across the basin. Although clumped isotopes do not provide surface temperature information in this case, they still provide useful burial information and support interpretations of the evolution of groundwater locally. The findings of this study significantly extend the utility of combining stable isotope and clumped isotope methods into aeolian environments.  相似文献   

海地地震使邻近断层应力增大     

Randy Showstack  杨婷 《国际地震动态》2010,(8):20-21

2010年1月12日,在距离海地首都太子港15km处发生了M7．0地震,这次地震使Enriquillo断层上一个长40km的区段破裂。根据2010年5月3日在奥地利维也纳召开的欧洲地学联盟（EGU）大会上提交的研究成果,此次地震增加了该断层上与破裂区段相邻的东段断层上的破裂应力,从而增大了该区段的破裂风险。  相似文献   

Large-scale dispersant leaching and effectiveness experiments with oils on calm water     

Alun Lewis  B. Ken Trudel  Randy C. Belore  Joseph V. Mullin 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(2):244-254

The use of dispersants to treat oil spills in calm seas is discouraged because there is insufficient ‘mixing energy’ to cause immediate dispersion of the oil. However, dispersants might be applied while the seas are calm, in the expectation that they would work later when sea states increase. The present study examined the persistence of dispersants in treated oil slicks on calm water in a large outdoor wave tank. Test slicks, pre-mixed with dispersant, were allowed to stand on static and flowing water for up to six days, after which their dispersibility was tested by exposing them to breaking waves. Results showed that thicker slicks exposed to calm water for up to six days dispersed completely with the addition of breaking waves. Thinner slicks and slicks exposed to water movement became less dispersible within two days. The loss of dispersibility was caused by dispersant loss rather than by oil weathering.  相似文献   

Chasing Water: A Guide for Moving from Scarcity to Sustainability          下载免费PDF全文

Randy L. Stotler 《Ground water》2015,53(3):354-355

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Observations of the 4000 Å break strength in the spectra of elliptical and S0 galaxies     

Randy A. Kimble  Arthur F. Davidsen  Allan R. Sandage 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1989,157(1-2):237-243

Spectrophotometric observations of the 4000 Å break strength in a large sample of nearby E and S0 galaxies are described. A tight relationship between luminosity and break strength is found, though it is too shallow at the bright end to serve as a useful distance indicator. Correlations are found between the break strength and various metal lines, Balmer lines, and the Greenwich gradient, which demonstrate the sensitivity of the break to both metallicity and composite temperature effects.  相似文献   

The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS) phase 2(c) Red-Arkansas River basin experiment:: 2. Spatial and temporal analysis of energy fluxes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Xu Liang  Eric F. Wood  Dennis P. Lettenmaier  Dag Lohmann  Aaron Boone  Sam Chang  Fei Chen  Yongjiu Dai  Carl Desborough  Robert E. Dickinson  Qingyun Duan  Michael Ek  Yeugeniy M. Gusev  Florence Habets  Parviz Irannejad  Randy Koster  Kenneth E. Mitchell  Olga N. Nasonova  Joel Noilhan  John Schaake  Adam Schlosser  Yaping Shao  Andrey B. Shmakin  Diana Verseghy  Kirsten Warrach  Peter Wetzel  Yongkang Xue  Zong-Liang Yang  Qing-cun Zeng 《Global and Planetary Change》1998,19(1-4)

The energy components of sixteen Soil-Vegetation Atmospheric Transfer (SVAT) schemes were analyzed and intercompared using 10 years of surface meteorological and radiative forcing data from the Red-Arkansas River basin in the Southern Great Plains of the United States. Comparisons of simulated surface energy fluxes among models showed that the net radiation and surface temperature generally had the best agreement among the schemes. On an average (annual and monthly) basis, the estimated latent heat fluxes agreed (to within approximate estimation errors) with the latent heat fluxes derived from a radiosonde-based atmospheric budget method for slightly more than half of the schemes. The sensible heat fluxes had larger differences among the schemes than did the latent heat fluxes, and the model-simulated ground heat fluxes had large variations among the schemes. The spatial patterns of the model-computed net radiation and surface temperature were generally similar among the schemes, and appear reasonable and consistent with observations of related variables, such as surface air temperature. The spatial mean patterns of latent and sensible heat fluxes were less similar than for net radiation, and the spatial patterns of the ground heat flux vary greatly among the 16 schemes. Generally, there is less similarity among the models in the temporal (interannual) variability of surface fluxes and temperature than there is in the mean fields, even for schemes with similar mean fields.  相似文献   

Cross-Cultural Environmental Perception of Wilderness     

Randy James Bertolas 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(1):98-111

This paper investigates the environmental perceptions of three disparate culture groups: Vermonters, non-Native Quebecers, and Native Cree of northern Quebec. All three groups were affiliated with the James Bay hydroelectric project. The hydroelectric project, per se, was not the focus of this research endeavor. Instead, this study merely took advantage of the environmental awareness promulgated by the project. The concept of “wilderness” was qualitatively employed to probe environmental perceptions cross-culturally. Pressing each group to define, locate, and assess the value of wilderness provided insight into each culture's framework regarding land use and exposed the mental scaffolding that undergirds their environmental conceptualizations.  相似文献