DEM and SAR image based flood feature extraction techniques to map the deep and shallow flood inundated regions of known as well as remote disaster regions     

Manavalan  Rao 《国际地球制图》2013,28(7):745-757

It is viable to differentiate the deep and shallow flood inundated regions through a new flood feature extraction techniques named as ‘Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image based flood feature extraction model’. The proposed model has been built mainly on the top of DEM of the disaster region without adopting standard multi-layer GIS techniques. To meet the time related factors of flood early warning system the image clustering operations has been automated at three different levels which bifurcates the input datasets and extracts the much required end results such as deep flooded regions, shallow flood inundated regions and non-flooded regions. The model has been tested with SAR flood images of known geographical region as well as remote geographical region. The proposed model can be automated against the input SAR sensor image and corresponding DEM of the respective SAR scene of any part of the world.  相似文献   

Reevaluation of the offset of the Great Wall associated with the ca. M 8.0 Pingluo earthquake of 1739, Yinchuan graben, China     

Aiming Lin  Gang Rao  Jianmin Hu  Wangbin Gong 《Journal of Seismology》2013,17(4):1281-1294

In this study, we reevaluate, based on our investigation, the ground deformation caused around the area of the Great Wall by the ca. M 8 Pingluo earthquake of 1739 along an active fault zone in the Yinchuan graben, on the western margin of the Ordos Block in northern central China. Previous studies have shown that the Great Wall of China was damaged and right-laterally offset by the 1739 M 8 Pingluo earthquake up to ～1.6–2 m, with a 0.1–1.9-m vertical component, at three locations. However, our recent fieldwork and in-situ measurements have shown that the Great Wall was not affected by the ca. M 8 Pingluo earthquake of 1739, as reported previously, but was actually built on preexisting active fault scarps. This study reinterprets the offset of the Great Wall based on these new field observations and attempts to identify the seismogenic source fault that triggered the 1739 Pingluo earthquake. More work is required if we are to better understand the deformation characteristics of the seismogenic source fault and also improve our ongoing assessments of the seismic hazard within the densely populated area of the Yinchuan graben, central China.  相似文献   

‘Thermohaline front’ off the east coast of India and its generating mechanism     

Panangattu Viswanathan Hareesh Kumar  Basil Mathew  Madathiparambil Ranganatha Ramesh Kumar  Akula Raghunadha Rao  Puvvala Surya Venkata Jagadeesh  Kalarickal Gopalan Radhakrishnan  Thiyyadi Nandakumar Shyni 《Ocean Dynamics》2013,63(11-12):1175-1180

Physical oceanography measurements reveal a strong salinity (0.18 psu km^?1) and temperature (0.07 °C km^?1) front off the east coast of India in December 1997. T–S diagrams suggest lateral mixing between the fresh water at the coast and the ambient warmer, saltier water. This front seems to be the result of southward advection of fresh and cool water, formed in the northern Bay of Bengal during the monsoon, by the East Indian Coastal Current, as suggested by the large-scale salinity structure in the SODA re-analysis and the anti-cyclonic gyre in the northwestern Bay of Bengal during winter. The data further reveals an offshore front in January, which appears to be the result of a meso-scale re-circulation around an eddy, bringing cold and freshwater from the northern Bay of Bengal further away from the shore. Our cruise data hence illustrates that very strong salinity fronts can appear in the Bay of Bengal after the monsoon, as a result of intense coastal circulation and stirring by eddies.  相似文献   

Kaluza-Klein radiating model in a general scalar-tensor theory     

V. U. M. Rao  G. Sreedevi Kumari  B. J. M. Rao 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2012,337(2):795-798

A five dimensional Kaluza-Klein space-time is considered in the presence of prefect fluid source in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravitation proposed by Nordtvedt (Astrophys. J. 161:1069, 1970) with the help of special law of variation for Hubble’s parameter given by Bermann (Nuovo Cimento 74B:182, 1983). A cosmological model with a negative constant deceleration parameter is obtained in this theory. Some physical properties of the model are also discussed.  相似文献   

齿形滑环组合密封的摩擦力矩计算     

陈家旺  郦炳杰  杨俊毅  郑旻辉 《海洋工程》2018,36(1):91-98

利用ABAQUS有限元软件对齿形滑环组合密封件进行建模仿真,采用网格重划技术保证仿真结果收敛,得到不同介质压力下的动密封接触面的压力分布曲线,并且进行二次多项式拟合计算得到齿形滑环组合密封的摩擦力矩理论计算值。通过搭建动密封测试平台,实际测试不同介质压力下齿形滑环组合密封的密封效果,并且得到摩擦力矩的实验值,结果摩擦力矩理论值和实验值基本吻合。结果表明:齿形滑环组合密封效果良好,摩擦力矩的理论计算基本正确,该密封的摩擦力矩与介质压力之间基本呈线性关系。  相似文献   

Multi-Wavelength Observations of Quasi-Periodic Pulsations in a Solar Flare     

Hong  Zhenxiang  Li  Dong  Zhang  Minghui  Tan  Chengming  Ma  Suli  Ji  Haisheng 《Solar physics》2021,296(11):1-28

We have performed a search for flares and quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) from low-mass M-dwarf stars using Transient Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) two-minute cadence data. We find seven stars that show evidence of QPPs. Using Fourier and empirical mode decomposition techniques, we confirm the presence of 11 QPPs in these seven stars with a period between 10.2 and 71.9 minutes, including an oscillation with strong drift in the period and a double-mode oscillation. The fraction of flares that showed QPPs (7%) is higher than other studies of stellar flares, but it is very similar to the fraction of solar C-class flares. Based on the stellar parameters taken from the TESS Input Catalog, we determine the lengths and magnetic-field strengths of the flare coronal loops using the period of the QPPs and various assumptions about the origin of the QPPs. We also use a scaling relationship based on flares from the Sun and solar-type stars and the observed energy, plus the duration of the flares, finding that the different approaches predict loop lengths that are consistent to within a factor of about two. We also discuss the flare frequency of the seven stars determining whether this could result in ozone depletion or abiogenesis in any orbiting exoplanet. Three of our stars have a sufficiently high rate of energetic flares, which are likely to cause abiogenesis. However, two of these stars are also in the range where ozone depletion is likely to occur. We speculate on the implications of the flare rates, loop lengths, and QPPs for life on potential exoplanets orbiting in their host star’s habitable zone.

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Traction rheological properties of simulative soil for deep-sea sediment     

Qi  Cailing  Rao  Qiuhua  Liu  Qi  Ma  Wenbo 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,37(1):62-71

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The traction capacity of the mining machine is greatly influenced by the traction rheological properties of the deep-sea sediments. The best simulative soil...  相似文献   

SARAS 2: a spectral radiometer for probing cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization through detection of the global 21-cm signal     

Saurabh Singh  Ravi Subrahmanyan  N. Udaya Shankar  Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao  B. S. Girish  A. Raghunathan  R. Somashekar  K. S. Srivani 《Experimental Astronomy》2018,45(2):269-314

The global 21-cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts \(z \sim 6-30\), probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is predicted to be extremely weak, of wide fractional bandwidth, and lies in a frequency range that is dominated by Galactic and Extragalactic foregrounds as well as Radio Frequency Interference, detection of the signal is a daunting task. Critical to the experiment is the manner in which the sky signal is represented through the instrument. It is of utmost importance to design a system whose spectral bandpass and additive spurious signals can be well calibrated and any calibration residual does not mimic the signal. Shaped Antenna measurement of the background RAdio Spectrum (SARAS) is an ongoing experiment that aims to detect the global 21-cm signal. Here we present the design philosophy of the SARAS 2 system and discuss its performance and limitations based on laboratory and field measurements. Laboratory tests with the antenna replaced with a variety of terminations, including a network model for the antenna impedance, show that the gain calibration and modeling of internal additive signals leave no residuals with Fourier amplitudes exceeding 2 mK, or residual Gaussians of 25 MHz width with amplitudes exceeding 2 mK. Thus, even accounting for reflection and radiation efficiency losses in the antenna, the SARAS 2 system is capable of detection of complex 21-cm profiles at the level predicted by currently favoured models for thermal baryon evolution.  相似文献   

Holocene precipitation δ18O as an indicator of temperature history in arid central Asia: an overview of recent advances     

ZhiGuo Rao  YiPing Tian  YunXia Li  HaiChun Guo  XinZhu Zhang  Guang Han  XinPing Zhang 《寒旱区科学》2020,12(6):371-379

Holocene δ¹⁸O records from various archives (ice cores, cave stalagmites, and peat sediments) from the Xinjiang region of northwestern China, in arid central Asia (ACA), are all derived ultimately from local precipitation δ¹⁸O (δ¹⁸O_p). Nevertheless, they have been proposed as indicators of different climatic parameters, such as wetness and temperature changes. This article summarizes previously reported records of moisture sources for the Xinjiang region and the results of modern observations conducted at an ice core site and a peat site in the Altai Mountains. The findings are used to propose that the overall positive trends in Holocene δ¹⁸O records from the various archives from the Xinjiang region primarily reflect the Holocene's long-term warming trend. It is concluded that more site-specific modern observations are needed to further elucidate the environmental significance of Holocene δ¹⁸O records from this region, especially for the separation of different seasonal temperature signals present within δ¹⁸O records.  相似文献   

Influence of secondary compression on undrained strength of soft kaolinites     

Sudhakar M. Rao  G. B. Deepak 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(2):173-180

Soft kaolinite deposits of marine origin are encountered as foundation soils in many parts of the world. The well-developed flocculated structure of kaolinite-bearing marine deposits is amenable to alterations from leaching of pore solution salts, loss of overburden, and secondary compression. Secondary compression causes densification of microstructure that may impact the viscous resistance, soil stiffness, and undrained shear strength of kaolinite-bearing marine deposits. This study examines the influence of secondary compression on viscous resistance and constrained stress–strain modulus of soft kaolinites prepared in synthetic seawater and sodium chloride solutions. The impact of secondary compression on undrained shear strength is interpreted from changes in microstructure, percent monovalent cation concentration, viscous resistance, and constrained stress–strain modulus. Kaolinite specimens experience reduction in void space during secondary compression. Breakdown of edge–face (E–F) and edge–edge (E–E) contacts of kaolinite particles during secondary compression and creation of interlocking zones is observed from scanning electron micrograph studies. Breakdown of E–F and E–E contacts is considered responsible for reduction in constrained stress–strain modulus during secondary compression. Concomitant, creation of interlocking zones at particle contacts increases the viscous resistance of microstructure that enhances the undrained shear strength of soft kaolinites.  相似文献