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用探地雷达和谱激发极化法追踪地下污染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我们把探地雷达(GPR)与谱激发极化法(SIP)相结合,去查明与巴西巴伊亚萨尔瓦多附近一个石油化工企业所产生非水相重液(DNAPLs)的一次大量泄漏有关的水文地质构造,地下通道及残留污染物积存处所。这些有害的有机化学物质已浸入到上部潜水层并深深地渗入一个厚且范围大的半承压多层含水层系。经处理的GPR断面可用来填绘出潜水面起伏,详细划分上部潜水带层序,并重建流过它的污染前缘的总体形态。电阻率和激发极 相似文献
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IPCC第六次评估报告(AR6)第二工作组(WGⅡ)报告第七章《健康、福祉和不断变化的社区结构》评估了气候变化对健康和福祉的当前影响与未来风险,提出了应对气候变化的适应策略和适应限度。指出自AR5以来越来越多的证据表明,气候变化通过直接或间接方式对人类健康(包括精神健康)造成了负面影响,气候敏感性疾病、营养不良、过早死亡,以及对精神健康的威胁正在增加,气候相关的危害正日益影响越来越多的健康结局(包括传染性和非传染性疾病)和地区。在所有人类居住的地区,都观察到极端天气事件对健康造成的级联及复合风险,且风险还会随着全球变暖而进一步增大。扩大对卫生和其他系统的金融投资,加强跨部门和跨系统的整合与合作,创建气候恢复力发展路径,将适应和减缓纳入可持续发展目标,可以为健康和福祉带来巨大的协同效益,是降低人类健康风险的重要适应措施。 相似文献
86.
Spatio-temporal distribution and characteristics of PAHs in sediments from Masan Bay, Korea 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been investigated in the surface and core sediments from Masan Bay, Korea. Total PAHs in the surface sediments ranged from 207 to 2670 ng/g dry weight with a mean value of 680 ng/g. Qualitative similarity and quantitative difference between inner and outer bay indicate that the main sources of PAHs are located in the inner bay and outer bay is also affected by the same sources. Vertical distribution of PAHs revealed that three distinctive stages could be differentiated with the help of PCA analysis. The highest concentration (industrialization stage) appeared between late 1950s and 1980, which was 10 years later than other developed countries. A strong pyrolytic source fingerprint has been detected with slight influence of petrogenic sources, and diagenetic PAH, perylene also contributed. Total organic carbon normalized PAHs (sum of 13 PAHs, 8.85-88.0 microg/g OC) were under the threshold effects concentration (TEC, 290 microg/g OC). 相似文献
87.
Butyl- and phenyltin residues in bivalves were quantified around the coast of Korean peninsula in 1995–1998 and 2001. Butyltin compounds were detected at all the sites surveyed, whereas phenyltins were detected at 41 out of 67 sites in 1995–1998. Tributyltin (TBT) concentrations in bivalves ranged 48–2800 ng Sn/g on dry weight basis. Triphenyltin (TPT) concentrations ranged <3–1820. The mean TPT concentration was 3.5 times less than that of TBT. Spatial distribution of TBT was closely related to boating and dry-docking activities. TPT concentration in bivalves showed significant correlation with TBT. Concentrations of TBT in bivalves, 2001 are not significantly changed compared to those in 1995–1998. However, TPT concentrations in bivalves steeply decreased in 2001. High concentration of TBT and lesser extent TPT and their nation-wide distribution indicate that organotins are one of major organic pollutants in the marine environment of Korea. 相似文献
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Spatio-temporal variation of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in the Pearl River basin from 1961 to 2010 are analyzed based on daily data from 60 national observed stations. ETa is calculated by the Advection-Aridity model (AA model) in the current study, and Mann–Kendall test (MK) and Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method (IDW) were applied to detect the trends and spatial variation pattern. The relations of ETa with climate parameters and radiation / dynamic terms are analyzed by Person correlation method. Our findings are shown as follows: 1) Mean annual ETa in the Pearl River basin is about 665.6 mm/a. It has significantly decreased in 1961–2010 at a rate of -24.3 mm/10a. Seasonally, negative trends of summer and autumn ETa are higher than that of spring and winter. 2) The value of ETa is higher in the southeast coastal area than in the northwest region of the Pearl River basin, while the latter has shown the strongest negative trend. 3) Negative trends of ETa in the Pearl River basin are most probably due to decreasing radiation term and increasing dynamic term. The decrease of the radiation term is related with declining diurnal temperature range and sunshine duration, and rising atmospheric pressure as well. The contribution of dynamic term comes from increasing average temperature, maximum and minimum temperatures in the basin. Meanwhile, the decreasing average wind speed weakens dynamic term and finally, to a certain extent, it slows down the negative trend of the ETa. 相似文献