南海海洋生物学新进展     

沙田  孙佩锦 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(3):334-336

南海位于太平洋西端，介于中南半岛、加里曼丹岛、菲律宾群岛与中国大陆之间，在这～海域有广阔的大陆架和大陆坡，栖息着以亚热带种和热带种为主的暖水性生物，多样性很高，有些类群的丰度也甚大，成为印度一西太平洋暖水区系的重要组成部分，为此，生物与渔业资源的开发潜力很大。南海是调查研究较少的海域。进入SO年代，围绕对南海海洋资源的了解与开发，海洋学研究有较快进展，其中海洋生物学进展尤为迅速。如年代以来，南海海洋生物学成果累累，为认识、开发和保护南海海洋生物和海洋渔业资源奠定了基础。为促进南海海洋生物学研究成…  相似文献   

台风的海面气压场和风场模拟计算   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

李岩  杨支中  沙文钰  朱首贤 《海洋预报》2003,20(1):6-13

本文采用台风中心资料、地面天气图及部分台站的观测资料，使用改进的藤田气压模型和Myers气压模型，对1996年9月9日11时在广东吴川——湛江登陆的9615号(Sally)台风海面风场进行了数值计算，求得台风域内的风速分布，并和实测资料进行了比较。结果表明，改进后的台风气压模型对台风海面气压场和风场的模拟计算是可取的。  相似文献   

海面风场对环台湾岛海域温跃层的影响     

毛园  沙文钰 《海洋预报》2002,19(3):33-43

本文首先给出了环台湾岛海域的海表风场计算方法和海表风应力的参数化。在此基础上，把该研究海域分为四个区域，用对比的方法分析由POM模式所得到的数值结果，讨论了海表风应力对该海域不同类型温跃层的具体影响。主要结果如下：海表风应力是影响温跃层的动力因子，对季节性温跃层的深度和强度均有重大影响，但对大洋温跃层的影响不大；海面风场作用数值计算与实际风场误差不大，故可以用计算所得的风场来代表实际风场作实验对比分析；海表风应力较小时有利于温跃层的发展加强，风应力较大时温跃层将减弱消失。  相似文献   

First report of eclogites from central Tibet,China: evidence for ultradeep continental subduction prior to the Cenozoic India‐Asian collision     

Kai‐Jun Zhang  Yu‐Xiu Zhang  Xian‐Chun Tang  Yao‐Wu Xie  Shao‐Li Sha  Xing‐Jie Peng 《地学学报》2008,20(4):302-308

Eclogites characterized by a garnet + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + sanidine + rutile assemblage are reported for the first time in the eastern Bangong suture, central Tibet (China). Garnet and sanidine are exsolved from clinopyroxene. Al‐exchange barometer for orthopyroxene and garnet and K concentrations in clinopyroxene indicate a peak pressure of ～4 GPa. The occurrence of these ultrahigh‐pressure rocks implies the subduction of continental crust to a depth of >130 km along the eastern Bangong suture zone during the Early Jurassic. The denudation of these ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphic rocks could have provided a significant source for the Jurassic turbidites in the western Bangong ocean basin.  相似文献   

The toxic effects of copper on larvae of the barnacle species Chthamalus challengeri     

齐磊磊  王影  沙婧婧  王悠  唐学玺 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(2):400-409

With the increased use of copper(Cu)-based antifouling(AF) paints,copper has become a potential threat to marine organisms. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of copper on larvae of the barnacle Chthamalus challengeri. These experiments attempted to identify a more sensitive index to monitor copper pollution in marine environments. The 24 h LC5 0 ranged from 156.07 μg/L(nauplius II) to 817.15 μg/L(cypris) and the no observed effect concentration(NOEC) ranged from 81.75 μg/L(nauplius II) to 571.04 μg/L(cypris). The cypris settlement rate declined significantly when copper concentrations ≥135 μg/L. No cypris was found in the copper concentration of 60 and 75 μg/L treatment groups stressed for 22 d. Nauplius II moulting was not affected by exposure to copper for 24 h; however,when extended to 48 h,the percent moulted in 75 μg/L treatment group was declined to 37.12%,which was significant lower( P 0.05) than that in the control group. The phototaxis of nauplius II decreased significantly when copper concentrations ≥45 μg/L. Despite an initial significant increase at copper concentrations of 30 μg/L,ammonia excretion rate decreased when copper concentrations ≥60 μg/L. These results suggested that:(1) nauplius II could not develop to the cypris when the copper concentration ≥60 μg/L;(2) cypris settlement is more susceptible to copper than cypris mortality rate;(3) nauplius II is the most sensitive larval stage;(4) nauplius II ammonia excretion rate is the most sensitive index to copper and might be as the indicator for copper pollution monitoring.  相似文献   

高压输电线散射斑雷达像空间位置形成条件分析     

侯爱羚  李陶  李沙  吴文豪  徐侃  刘艳 《测绘工程》2015,(4):53-57

TerraSAR雷达卫星条带模式影像中高压输电线产生亮度极高的散射斑点,利用湖北段1 000kV特高压输电线路的雷达影像和铁塔GPS坐标,研究了该区域150组输电线散射斑的形成条件和雷达像空间相对位置变化规律。研究表明,输电线的夹角、跨度和垂曲率是影响散射斑形成以及雷达像空间位置的主要因素。输电线散射斑产生于导线与卫星飞行方向的夹角±15°以内。当夹角由负到正变化时,其导线散射斑在雷达像空间的位置由北向南移动,但是其移动量与夹角变化不成正比。在夹角近似相同的情况下,导线跨度越大即其垂曲率越大,散射斑的位置越靠近导线垂直平分线。  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带隆起造山独特性探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

郭晓玉  高锐  Keller G R  沙爱军  徐啸  王海燕  李文辉 《地质科学》2014,49(4):1337-1345

龙门山断裂带位于四川盆地西缘;青藏高原东部;为四川盆地与松潘-甘孜地块的接触构造边界。龙门山地区海拔从东侧100 km外四川盆地的500 m突升至3 000 m高度;明显地标注了青藏高原的东部边界;其隆升机制也引起了国内外地质工作者的广泛兴趣;并且提出了多种隆升机制模型。在本次研究中;我们利用SinoProbe-02深反射地震剖面数据对龙门山地区的隆升机制进行研究;从而进一步探讨龙门山地区隆起造山的独特性;并讨论其与传统意义中的造山带的区别;认为龙门山断裂造山带为板块内部构造活动引起岩石圈隆起所形成的。本文的研究结果将使我们更深刻地了解龙门山地区的构造活动特点;并且有助于了解青藏高原东缘对印度-欧亚板块碰撞的构造响应。  相似文献   

基于PPP技术的震后台站位移监测与分析     

张明  王莎 《测绘信息与工程》2012,37(1):12-14,42

利用动态精密单点定位技术,分析了日本仙台大地震对日本及中国境内若干GPS基准台站的影响。结果表明,采用动态精密单点定位技术能准确地反映GPS台站的受损程度,有效地探测地震发生时刻及其震后位移。  相似文献   

基于ISCCP观测的云量全球分布及其在NCEP再分析场中的指示   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

刘奇  傅云飞  冯沙 《气象学报》2010,68(5):689-704

国际卫星云气候计划(ISCCP)已经积累了20多年的持续云观测资料,提供了迄今为止最具权威的全球尺度云量信息,为全面认识全球尺度云气候特征提供了有利条件.利用长期稳定的ISCCP D2云量资料,文中系统地分析了全球尺度总云量以及高、中、低云云量的空间分布特征.结果表明,全球总云量均值为66.5(单位:%),其中洋面71.6.陆面55.9.全球云量分布极不均衡,且海陆差异显著,洋面局部云量最高可达90,而包括南极大陆在内的所有陆面区域多为云量低值中心.高云和低云全球分布形式存在明显差异,其中陆面以高云为主,洋面低云相对较多.低云集中分布于太平洋东南部和东北部的近海岸地区以及南半球洋面,热带辐合带、南太平洋辐合带等大尺度强对流活动区内高云数量占优势.特别,在气候平均态上分离低云和高云区,并结合对NCEP再分析资料所提供环流背景场的分析,研究发现两类云所对应的垂直和水平风场具有明显的差异.高云区从低空到对流层顶为一致的强下降运动,低云区的中高层被上升气流所控制但近地面一般存在弱的上升运动.反映在水平辐散场上,两类云对应的辐散度在垂直方向上变化趋势相反,其中低云对应的典型背景场为低层辐散高空辐合.进一步考虑水汽因素,600与850 hPa水汽通量散度差对低云(负差异)和高云(正差异)的云量空间分布有较好的指示意义.  相似文献   

Seasonal Characteristics of Precipitation Occurrences in the Core Area of the Subtropical High          下载免费PDF全文

FENG Sh  FU Yunfei 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(6):681-690

Based on the National Centers for Envioromental Prediction（NCEP）Reanalysis 2 daily data and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project（GPCP）1 Degree Daily（1DD）precipitation data from 1997 to 2006,seasonal characteristics of precipitation occurring in the core area of the subtropical high（STH）were investigated by the frequency analysis method.The results indicate that precipitation occurs in the core area of the STH in each season,which is inconsistent with the common knowledge.In summer,there exists 40%–80%of the precipitation frequency in the STH,against less than 50%in other seasons.Generally,the seasonal mean rain rate inside the STH is about 1–2 mm day -1 in winter and less than 4 mm day -1 in summer,which contributes to about 30%–90%of the local total precipitation.In summer,such a contribution is about 50%–90%,and it is less than 40%in other seasons.Statistically,the occurrence frequency of the updraft within the core area of the STH varies from 25%to 75%in summer and less than 25%in other seasons. The results also reveal that there is about 30%of the STH frequency over the eastern China in summer, and the corresponding precipitation and updraft frequencies are 25%and 15%respectively.This is the so-called unique precipitation pattern in summer in eastern China,i.e.,precipitation is controlled by the core of the STH. Additionally,more than half of the precipitation occurring in the STH is accompanied with updraft at 500 hPa while less than half is with downdraft at 500 hPa.The former may represent deep precipitation whereas the latter may hint shallow precipitation in the core area of the STH.  相似文献