A 150-year isotopic record of lead deposition in Yancheng coastal wetland,China     

Kunshan Bao  Ji Shen  Guixiang Quan  Fugang Liu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2016,26(6):755-769

Radioactive markers are useful in dating lead(Pb) deposition patterns from industrialization in sedimentary archives. As a well-known natural reserve in the world, Yancheng coastal wetland in Jiangsu Province is one of areas most sensitive to global sea level change and is located in the most developed and polluted region of China. Two cores were collected in Yancheng wetland in October 2013 and dated using ~(210)Pb and ~(137)Cs radiometric techniques. Sediments in both cores were sectioned into depth bands and examined systematically for dry bulk density, water content, magnetic susceptibility and grain-size. Multiple elements including Pb were also measured using inductively coupled plasma systems. Unsupported ~(210)Pb activities decreased with depth in both of the two cores, and ~(210)Pb chronologies were established(covering 150 years) using the constant rate of supply(CRS) model. The measured Pb contents ranged from 14.97 mg/kg to 29.40 mg/kg with average values of 17.17–22.79 mg/kg, and the Pb fluxes ranged from 41.70 mg/(m~2·yr) to 172.70 mg/(m~2·yr) with averages of 95.59–123.41 mg/(m~2·yr). Temporal variations of Pb flux, enrichment factors and Pb isotopes show a gradual and continuous increase over time and clearly reflect increased emissions from anthropogenic activities in the region. The Pb isotopic compositions show that most of Pb deposition in Yancheng wetland is input from natural sources by water flows and has the same levels of Pb as in the surface sediment of the Yangtze River and the Pacific mineral aerosol. We also stress the anthropogenic Pb contribution in Yangcheng wetland sediment and the reason of our Pb isotopes not showing anthropogenic signature is likely the instability of anthropogenic Pb in high Fe/Mn oxide conditions. Therefore, more attention should be paid to current local pollution problems, and society should take action to seek a balance between economic development and environmental protection.  相似文献   

Complete nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence amplification and molecular analyses of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bangia</Emphasis> (Bangiales,Rhodophyta) from China     

徐佳杰  姜波  柴三明  何渊  朱建一  沈宗根  沈颂东 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(5):1044-1053

Filamentous Bangia, which are distributed extensively throughout the world, have simple and similar morphological characteristics. Scientists can classify these organisms using molecular markers in combination with morphology. We successfully sequenced the complete nuclear ribosomal DNA, approximately 13 kb in length, from a marine Bangia population. We further analyzed the small subunit ribosomal DNA gene (nrSSU) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence regions along with nine other marine, and two freshwater Bangia samples from China. Pairwise distances of the nrSSU and 5.8S ribosomal DNA gene sequences show the marine samples grouping together with low divergences (00.003; 0–0.006, respectively) from each other, but high divergences (0.123–0.126; 0.198, respectively) from freshwater samples. An exception is the marine sample collected from Weihai, which shows high divergence from both other marine samples (0.063–0.065; 0.129, respectively) and the freshwater samples (0.097; 0.120, respectively). A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on a combined SSU-ITS dataset with maximum likelihood method shows the samples divided into three clades, with the two marine sample clades containing Bangia spp. from North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia; and one freshwater clade, containing Bangia atropurpurea from North America and China.  相似文献   

High-resolution lithospheric velocity structure of continental China and its geodynamic implications     

Haijiang Zhang  Hailiang Xin  Lei Gao  Rizheng He  Monica Maceir  Weisen Shen  Rob van der Hilst 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):113-113

  相似文献   

Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interactions in the interior of Jianghan Plain,central China     

Du  Yao  Ma  Teng  Deng  Yamin  Shen  Shuai  Lu  Zongjie 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(4):1047-1059

Hydrogeology Journal - Quantifying groundwater/surface-water interactions is essential for managing water resources and revealing contaminant fate. There has been little concern on the exchange...  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal analyses of air pollutants and meteorological driving forces in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region,China     

Zizhan Hu  Xuguang Tang  Chen Zheng  Menglin Guan  Jingwei Shen 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(14):540

Due to its negative impact on the living environment of human beings, ambient air pollution has become a global challenge to human health. In this study, surface observations of six criteria air pollutants, including PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, CO and O₃, were collected to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during 2013–2016 and to explore the relationships between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological variables using quantile regression model (QRM) and multiple linear regression model (MLRM). The results show that BTH region has experienced significant air pollution, and the southern part generally has more severe conditions. The annual average indicates clear decreasing trends of the particulate matters, SO₂ and CO concentrations over the last 4 years and slight increasing trends of NO₂ and O₃ in several cities. The seasonal and monthly characteristics indicate that the concentrations of five species reach their maxima in the winter and their minima in the summer, whereas O₃ has the opposite behaviour. Finally, the pseudo R² values show that the QRMs have the best performance in the winter, followed by spring, fall, and summer. Specifically, all the meteorological factors have significant impacts on air pollution but change with pollutants and seasons. The MLRM results are generally consistent with the QRM results in all seasons, and the inconsistencies are more common in the fall and winter. The results of this research provide foundational knowledge for predicting the response of air quality to climate change in the BTH region.  相似文献   

Formation Environment of Main Brown Coal Seam in Xi-2 Minefield of Shengli Coalfield Based on Coal Ash Phase Analysis     

Boyang Wang  Yong Qin  Jian Shen  Gang Wang  Jiuqing Li 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,92(1):111-119

The formation environment of the main coal seam in Shengli coal mine is analyzed, and the effect of coal ash parameters on the coal-forming environment is mainly discussed according to gray component parameters combined with other coal quality test analysis data. Results show that the hydrodynamic conditions of the main coal during coal accumulation have a general pattern of strong northeast and weak southwest, and lakeside swamp is generally in the retrograde process from south to north. The No.5 coal seam is a water entry cycle, and the No.5_lower coal is a water withdrawal cycle. The No.6 thick coal seam is formed in the peat swamp environment where the water is shallow and the groundwater activity is weak. The input of terrestrial debris material was most abundant in the formation period of No.5_lower coal, followed by No.5 coal, and that in No.6 coal is the least. Vertically, the peat swamp environment changed from weak reduction to weak oxidation to strong reducing environment. The ash yield was low to high to low from bottom to top. The organic sulfur is the main type of sulfur in the main coal seam. The weaker the hydrodynamic condition, the higher the organic sulfur content in the reduction environment, while lower organic sulfur content in the oxidation environment. The peat swamp water of No.5_lower coal is medium alkaline, and the peat swamp water of No.5 and No. 6 coals is weakly alkaline or acidic.  相似文献   

An Analysis of Programs Managed by Division of Geography,Department of Earth Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Zhang Chaolin  Zheng Yuanming  Fan Wenjie  Shen Xiangjin  Zhang Jing  Ta Na  Peng Shuangyun 《地球科学进展》2018,33(12):1272-1281

  相似文献   

Network-based triple-frequency carrier phase ambiguity resolution between reference stations using BDS data for long baselines     

Weiming Tang  Mingxing Shen  Chenlong Deng  Jianhui Cui  Jia Yang 《GPS Solutions》2018,22(3):73

Network-based ambiguity resolution (AR) between reference stations is the prerequisite to realize a precise real-time kinematic positioning service. With the help of BDS triple-frequency signals, we can efficiently deal with the ionospheric delay and tropospheric delay, and achieve rapid and reliable AR. To overcome the inaccurate ionospheric delay estimated by the geometry-free three carrier ambiguity resolution (GF TCAR) technique, which leads to failure in the original ambiguity resolution, we propose an ionospheric-free (IF) TCAR method to resolve the ambiguity between the reference stations over long baselines. Taking full advantage of the known positions of the reference stations, the easily resolved extra-wide-lane (EWL) ambiguity, and the IF phase combinations, we can reliably fix the wide-lane (WL) ambiguity. A Kalman filter is applied to estimate precise IF ambiguities and the original ambiguity is resolved with the fixed WL ambiguity. A numerical analysis with triple-frequency BDS data from three long baselines of a CORS network is provided to compare the AR performance of GF TCAR with that of IF TCAR. The results show that both methods can reliably resolve the WL ambiguity with a remarkable correctly-fixed rate of higher than 99%, and the reliably-fixed rates of the IF TCAR slightly increase from 92.19, 94.67 and 94.61–98.26, 99.54 and 97.51% for the three baselines. Herein “correctly-fixed” and “reliably-fixed” mean the difference between the float ambiguity and the true one are less than ± 0.5 and ± 0.25 cycles, respectively. On the other hand, the AR performance of the original signals with the IF TCAR method is much better than that with the GF TCAR method attaining a 100% correctly-fixed rate, while the GF TCAR method can hardly fix the original ambiguity with the largest bias being as much as 4 cycles because of the amplified systematic bias.  相似文献   

新疆东准噶尔顿巴斯套金矿地质特征及矿床成因     

刘文祥  邓小华  吴艳爽  韩申  陈西  李巽  王永  陈衍景 《地质论评》2021,67(1):67020022-67020022

新疆东准噶尔地区自北向南发育额尔齐斯、阿尔曼太、卡拉麦里三条大型构造带,南北两条构造带已发现大量造山型金矿,而阿尔曼太构造带与南北构造带具有相似的成矿地质背景,却未见造山型金矿的报道。因此,笔者等选取了该构造带最重要的金矿床——顿巴斯套金矿,开展了详细的岩相学、矿相学研究以及构造解析。研究表明,该矿床具有区域性断裂的次级断裂控矿、脆—韧性剪切带控矿、背斜核部控矿“三位一体”的控矿特征,其中,NW—SE向脆—韧性剪切带是最重要的控矿构造,金矿化显著晚于矿区赋矿岩浆岩——石英闪长玢岩,且该矿床与相邻构造带典型的造山型金矿地质地球化学特征相似。结合成矿流体具有中低温、富CO2的特征,综合认为顿巴斯套金矿是典型的造山型金矿。将该矿床成矿过程划分为3期：① 以产出草莓状黄铁矿为典型特征的沉积期;② 以黄铁矿压实、结核、重结晶为特征的成岩期;③ 以产出热液脉和金的矿化为典型特征的热液期。热液期进一步划分为两个阶段：以脆—韧性变形为主的铁白云石—石英—黄铁矿阶段和由脆—韧性变形向脆性变形转变的石英—钠长石—方解石阶段。黄铁矿可划分为6个世代、毒砂可划分为3个世代：① Py1为沉积成因的黄铁矿,具有草莓状、胶状等特殊结构;② Py2为成岩作用形成的黄铁矿,具有顺层分布、呈结核状等特征;③ 热液期毒砂Apy1,粒度20~50 μm,自形、半自形,常与金共生;④ 热液期毒砂Apy2,自形,粒度80~200 μm;⑤ 热液期黄铁矿Py3,他形—自形,粒度50~150 μm,以内部包体多、孔洞多为显著特征;⑥热液期黄铁矿Py4,半自形—自形,粒度100~250 μm,以包体多,孔洞少,发育压力影为特征;⑦ 热液期Py5,以背散射下亮度高、显著富As为特征;⑧ 热液期毒砂Apy3：以颗粒粗大、自形、内部包体少、发育碎裂结构和压力影为特征;⑨ 热液期黄铁Py6：以颗粒粗大、半自形到自形、内部包体少、发育碎裂结构和压力影为特征。随着脆—韧性变形作用进行,黄铁矿、毒砂的粒度有序递增,自形程度逐渐升高,而品位逐渐降低,金的沉淀主要发生在脆—韧性变形阶段,脆性变形阶段无金矿化。主成矿阶段标志性的铁白云石化蚀变、微细浸染状的黄铁矿化、毒砂化蚀变可以作为找矿标志。  相似文献   

甘肃省明舒井地区高光谱蚀变异常及找矿分析     

王瑞军  张春雷  王诜  孙永彬  王永军 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1167-67z1168

正明舒井地区位于甘肃省北西侧,敦煌市北侧、瓜州县北西侧。前人在该区及周边区域开展了区调、矿调及相关多金属矿的勘查工作(王瑞军等,2014,2017),在遥感地质方面,仅开展了多光谱遥感的应用工作,而针对高光谱遥感的研究工作还未开展。明舒井地区基岩出露好、地形起伏小、切割弱,地表蚀变发育,矿床、矿点分布较多,具备开展高光谱遥感技术的地质和自然地理条件,有利于发挥高光谱的技术优势。  相似文献